Vascular Structures in Skin Tumors

Argenziano, Giuseppe; Zalaudek, Iris; Corona, Rosamaria; Sera, Francesco; Cicale, Lorenza; Petrillo, Giovanna; Ruocco, Eleonora; Hofmann‐Wellenhof, Rainer; Soyer, H. Peter

doi:10.1001/archderm.140.12.1485

Cited by 325 publications

(425 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Other additional features were structureless area often with adherent fibers and randomly spaced white lines. Our findings, regarding vessels are in accordance with the currently available literature [3,4,8]; some minor differences concerning the rates of vessels morphology are due to the lack of metaphoric terminology which is the main methodological disadvantage of dermatoscopy. It proves once again that in this situation an affordable and logical method based on the analysis of the pattern is urgently needed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Dermatoscopic Criteria of Non-Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma

Kiladze¹,

Shulaia²,

Bulinska³

et al. 2014

Lʹviv. klin. visn.

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Introduction. Basal cell skin cancer (BCC) is one of the most common human cancers, it constitutes about 70,0 % of keratinocyte tumors that comprise 90,0 % of all malignant skin diseases [2,7]. The risk for Caucasian race individual to develop BCC varies between 33,0 and 39,0 % for men and 23,0 and 28,0 % for women. As a rule, the tumor grows slowly and is characterized by non-aggressive behavior, usually occurs in elderly patients, especially those who were frequently and intensively exposed to solar radiation. The tumor has slow progression and metastases are found in only 0,5 % of the cases [5], but it can result in considerable local destruction and disfigurement when treatment is neglected or inadequate. The BCC affects mainly photo exposed areas, in about 80 % of patients it appears on the head, and in half of them it affects the skin of cheeks and the nose [2]. Other photo exposed areas such as the trunk and the limbs are less affected and in about 4,0 % of patients lesions may appear on genitals and perianal area. Non-melanoma skin tumors are not included into the analysis of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and are often not taken into account in routine analyses of cancer registers. The evaluation of the incidence is based on statistical data from different countries. Characteristics differ significantly from low in the regions with low level exposure to extremely high in tropical countries. BCC is the most common neoplasm in humans. Moreover, due to the long and non-aggressive trend the real incidence of this type of tumor is, probably, more than registered [6]. BCC has different clinical varieties and commonly lacks pigmentation that often causes diagnostic difficulty. Dermatoscopy as a simple non-invasive investigation technique for a long time takes an important place in the diagnosis not only of melanocytic tumors, but different non-pigmented neoplasms as well. Nevertheless, the dermatoscopic criteria for determining of non-pigmented basal cell carcinoma are promiscuous and require detalization and systematization. Another problem is metaphorical and subjective language for description of dermatoscopic picture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Dermatoscopic Criteria of Non-Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma

Kiladze¹,

Shulaia²,

Bulinska³

et al. 2014

Lʹviv. klin. visn.

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“…Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) is an inflammatory mediator associated with UV-and irritant induced rapid inflammation in skin [39]. UVA (1 J/cm 2 ) exposure produced a rapid, 15-fold increase in PGE 2 after 5 min and 9.5-fold increase after 15 minutes in SLO-HK whereas no changes were induced in HK and Chol-HK (Fig.…”

Section: Rapid Uva-induced Synthesis Of Prostaglandin E 2 In Slo-hk Imentioning

confidence: 99%

7-Dehydrocholesterol enhances ultraviolet A-induced oxidative stress in keratinocytes: Roles of NADPH oxidase, mitochondria, and lipid rafts

Valencia

Rajadurai

Carle

et al. 2006

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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Long wavelength solar UVA radiation stimulates formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), which are involved in skin photosensitivity and tumor promotion. High levels of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), the precursor to cholesterol, cause exaggerated photosensitivity to UVA in patients with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS). Partially replacing cholesterol with 7-DHC in keratinocytes rapidly (<5 min) increased UVA-induced ROS, intracellular calcium, phospholipase A 2 activity, PGE 2 , and NADPH oxidase activity. UVA-induced ROS and PGE 2 production were inhibited in these cells by depleting the Nox1 subunit of NADPH oxidase using siRNA or using a mitochondrial radical quencher, MitoQ. Partial replacement of cholesterol with 7-DHC also disrupted membrane lipid raft domains, although depletion of cholesterol, which also disrupts lipid rafts, did not affect UVA-induced increases in ROS and PGE 2 . Phospholipid liposomes containing 7-DHC were more rapidly oxidized by a free radical mechanism than those containing cholesterol. These results indicate that 7-DHC enhances rapid UVA-induced ROS and PGE 2 formation by enhancing free radical-mediated membrane lipid oxidation and suggests that this mechanism might underlie the UVA-photosensitivity in SLOS.

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“…One case report describes blue‐red lacunae, milky red areas, red ovoid areas, winding red vessels of several thicknesses, and some dotted vessels 10. Whereas BCC's are well described in the literature as arborizing vessels (94.1% positive predictive value) with shiny red‐white structureless areas 11, 12. Although differentials exist, identifying these vascular patterns will aid in the diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%