Vascular Response to Gadolinium-Containing Contrast Media in an Ex Vivo Rabbit Arterial Model

Since approval of the first magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent was granted in 1988, there has been remarkable growth in the utilization of intravenous gadolinium (Gd)-based agents. Currently it is estimated that nearly half of all MR studies performed are contrast-enhanced. Despite containing a toxic heavy metal, these agents have proven to be not only an effective diagnostic adjunct to non-enhanced MRI, but also remarkably well tolerated and safe. As a result, conventional wisdom has been that MR contrast media are "biologically inert," a notion that is clearly false. Ultimately, it is the radiologist's responsibility to understand the potential adverse effects of Gd-based agents and the special situations in which they are likely to occur; however, the basic pharmacology of contrast agents is generally not included in medical school curricula or formally taught in residency. The purpose of this review is to discuss the mechanism of action of MR contrast agents and relevant aspects of their clinical pharmacology, including effects on the cardiovascular and renal systems, potential laboratory errors, and special situations involving women and children. We also briefly discuss the issue of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).

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MR contrast agents: Physical and pharmacologic basics

Lin

Brown

2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

223

175

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Contrast Media Research

Runge¹

2002

Investigative Radiology

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Vascular Response to Gadolinium-Containing Contrast Media in an Ex Vivo Rabbit Arterial Model

Abstract: Gadopentetate and gadoteridol in doses of up to 1.2 mmol/L did not alter vessel wall tone. The impact of contrast media on blood pressure, as has been shown in some clinical trials, probably is not due to direct changes in arterial wall tone.

Cited by 2 publications

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MR contrast agents: Physical and pharmacologic basics

MR contrast agents: Physical and pharmacologic basics

Contrast Media Research

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