Vascular prostheses for open surgery

Guidoin, Robert; King, Martin W.; Wang, L.; Zhang, Z.; Guzman, Randolph; Маринов, Г.; Douville, Yvan

doi:10.1533/9780857095602.2.434

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…It is stable for years at temperatures up to 260 1C 57,130 because it is stable to hydrolysis, oxidation, and light, as well as to anaerobic and aerobic degradations. 189 Therefore, PTFE fulfils the persistence criterion proposed by UBA. Advantageously, similar to most FPs, PTFE is insoluble in water, and therefore is not mobile in the environment.…”

Section: Fps Fulfil the Plc Criteriamentioning

confidence: 84%

Recycling and the end of life assessment of fluoropolymers: recent developments, challenges and future trends

Améduri

Hori

2023

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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Section: Fps Fulfil the Plc Criteriamentioning

confidence: 84%

Recycling and the end of life assessment of fluoropolymers: recent developments, challenges and future trends

Améduri

Hori

2023

Chem. Soc. Rev.

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“…Moreover, PTFE is highly stable in the environment and is resistant to thermal degradation. It is stable for years at temperatures up to 260 • C [36,123,124], it is stable to hydrolysis, oxidation, and light, as well as to anaerobic and aerobic degradation [125]. Therefore, PTFE would fulfill the UBA's proposed persistence criterion.…”

Section: Polymer-of-low-concern Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoropolymers as Unique and Irreplaceable Materials: Challenges and Future Trends in These Specific Per or Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances

Améduri

2023

Molecules

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In contrast to some low-molar-mass per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which are well established to be toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and mobile, fluoropolymers (FPs) are water-insoluble, safe, bioinert, and durable. These niche high-performance polymers fulfil the 13 polymer-of-low-concern (PLC) criteria in their recommended conditions of use. In addition, more recent innovations (e.g., the use of non-fluorinated surfactants in aqueous radical (co)polymerization of fluoroalkenes) from industrial manufacturers of FPs are highlighted. This review also aims to show how these specialty polymers endowed with outstanding properties are essential (even irreplaceable, since hydrocarbon polymer alternatives used in similar conditions fail) for our daily life (electronics, energy, optics, internet of things, transportation, etc.) and constitute a special family separate from other “conventional” C1–C10 PFASs found everywhere on Earth and its oceans. Furthermore, some information reports on their recycling (e.g., the unzipping depolymerization of polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE, into TFE), end-of-life FPs, and their risk assessment, circular economy, and regulations. Various studies are devoted to environments involving FPs, though they present a niche volume (with a yearly production of 330,300 t) compared to all plastics (with 460 million t). Complementary to other reviews on PFASs, which lack of such above data, this review presents both fundamental and applied strategies as evidenced by major FP producers.

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A critical review of the application of polymer of low concern and regulatory criteria to fluoropolymers

Henry

Carlin

Hammerschmidt

et al. 2018

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

151

133

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of fluorinated substances that are in the focus of researchers and regulators due to widespread presence in the environment and biota, including humans, of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Fluoropolymers, high molecular weight polymers, have unique properties that constitute a distinct class within the PFAS group. Fluoropolymers have thermal, chemical, photochemical, hydrolytic, oxidative, and biological stability. They have negligible residual monomer and oligomer content and low to no leachables. Fluoropolymers are practically insoluble in water and not subject to long-range transport. With a molecular weight well over 100 000 Da, fluoropolymers cannot cross the cell membrane. Fluoropolymers are not bioavailable or bioaccumulative, as evidenced by toxicology studies on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE): acute and subchronic systemic toxicity, irritation, sensitization, local toxicity on implantation, cytotoxicity, in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity, hemolysis, complement activation, and thrombogenicity. Clinical studies of patients receiving permanently implanted PTFE cardiovascular medical devices demonstrate no chronic toxicity or carcinogenicity and no reproductive, developmental, or endocrine toxicity. This paper brings together fluoropolymer toxicity data, human clinical data, and physical, chemical, thermal, and biological data for review and assessment to show that fluoropolymers satisfy widely accepted assessment criteria to be considered as "polymers of low concern" (PLC). This review concludes that fluoropolymers are distinctly different from other polymeric and nonpolymeric PFAS and should be separated from them for hazard assessment or regulatory purposes. Grouping fluoropolymers with all classes of PFAS for "read across" or structure-activity relationship assessment is not scientifically appropriate. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:316-334. © 2018 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).

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Vascular prostheses for open surgery

Cited by 6 publications

References 176 publications

Recycling and the end of life assessment of fluoropolymers: recent developments, challenges and future trends

Recycling and the end of life assessment of fluoropolymers: recent developments, challenges and future trends

Fluoropolymers as Unique and Irreplaceable Materials: Challenges and Future Trends in These Specific Per or Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances

A critical review of the application of polymer of low concern and regulatory criteria to fluoropolymers

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