Vascular Plant Survey of Cumberland Island National Seashore, Camden County, Georgia

Zomlefer, Wendy B.; Giannasi, David E.; Bettinger, Kelly A.; Echols, S. Lee; Kruse, Lisa M.

doi:10.2179/08-003r1.1

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Yellow nutsedge is now considered a common weed throughout the United States and is classified as non‐native invasive in coastal Georgia (Bendixen and Nandihalli ; Zomlefer et al. ). Rhizomes grow vertically from tubers in the spring and generate a basal bulb at the soil surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sedge is thought to originate from Africa and Europe, and it has been cultivated as food by humans from ancient Egypt to present-day Africa and Europe (Linssen et al 1989;Pascual et al 2000;Defelice 2002). Yellow nutsedge is now considered a common weed throughout the United States and is classified as non-native invasive in coastal Georgia (Bendixen and Nandihalli 1987;Zomlefer et al 2008). Rhizomes grow vertically from tubers in the spring and generate a basal bulb at the soil surface.…”

Section: Species Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Twelve years of repeated wild hog activity promotes population maintenance of an invasive clonal plant in a coastal dune ecosystem

Oldfield

Evans

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Invasive animals can facilitate the success of invasive plant populations through disturbance. We examined the relationship between the repeated foraging disturbance of an invasive animal and the population maintenance of an invasive plant in a coastal dune ecosystem. We hypothesized that feral wild hog (Sus scrofa) populations repeatedly utilized tubers of the clonal perennial, yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) as a food source and evaluated whether hog activity promoted the long‐term maintenance of yellow nutsedge populations on St. Catherine's Island, Georgia, United States. Using generalized linear mixed models, we tested the effect of wild hog disturbance on permanent sites for yellow nutsedge culm density, tuber density, and percent cover of native plant species over a 12‐year period. We found that disturbance plots had a higher number of culms and tubers and a lower percentage of native live plant cover than undisturbed control plots. Wild hogs redisturbed the disturbed plots approximately every 5 years. Our research provides demographic evidence that repeated foraging disturbances by an invasive animal promote the long‐term population maintenance of an invasive clonal plant. Opportunistic facultative interactions such as we demonstrate in this study are likely to become more commonplace as greater numbers of introduced species are integrated into ecological communities around the world.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Species Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twelve years of repeated wild hog activity promotes population maintenance of an invasive clonal plant in a coastal dune ecosystem

Oldfield

Evans

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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“…However, M. minima has entire (to slightly toothed) stipules, spreading pilose hairs on stems and adaxial leaf surfaces, and a densely pilose calyx, versus the deeply lacerate stipules and glabrous to short pubescent stems, leaves, and calyx in M. polymorpha (Radford et al 1968, Isely 1990). This record was collected during a survey of the Cumberland Island, the southernmost barrier island off the coast of Georgia (Zomlefer et al 2008). The plants were infrequent and growing in a disturbed seepy area with other weedy species, Bidens alba (L.) DC., Festuca octoflora Walter, Medicago lupulina L., Poa annua L., and Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.)…”

Section: Mazus Miquelii Makino (Mazaceae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Additions to the Flora of Georgia Vouchered at the University of Georgia (GA) and Valdosta State University (VSC) Herbaria

Zomlefer

Carter

Allison³

et al. 2018

Castanea

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Twenty-seven species, new to the flora of Georgia, are reported here and validated by cited voucher specimens at the University of Georgia (GA) and Valdosta State University (VSC) herbaria, the two largest herbaria in the state. Reassessment and comparison of these collections data have been greatly facilitated by specimen digitization efforts, especially those fostered among herbaria by the GA-VSC Herbaria Collaborative and by the Southeast Regional Network of Expertise and Collections (SERNEC). Four species (Chelone lyonii, Prunus hortulana, Sporobolus arcuatus, and Symphyotrichum simmondsii) are likely native to Georgia and represent range extensions from nearby states. Chelone lyonii and Sporobolus arcuatus are rare and state-ranked critically imperiled (S1) by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources. The 23 exotic species are more or less naturalized or have potential to naturalize in the state. These nonnatives are escapes from cultivation (15 species) or weedy plants (eight species) that are widespread elsewhere and not typically cultivated. Four species (Cleome monophylla, Lobelia pedunculata, Quercus myrsinifolia, and Sedum emarginatum) are putative first records for the flora of North America, at least as occasional escapes.

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“…Currently, tallow has spread from the Gulf Coast of Texas to the Atlantic Coast of North Carolina, most likely due to its advantageous life history traits and seed dispersal via various avian species such as house finches and white-winged doves [19][20][21]. Tallow commonly occurs in disturbed sites [22,23] such as roadsides [24,25], abandoned agricultural lands [26], urban neighborhoods [27], and hurricane-damaged forests [25,28,29]. These sites may have large seed sources and provide pathways for tallow to spread to surrounding ecosystems through habitat edges and corridors [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, on fire-managed landscape, tallow seedlings and small trees are vulnerable to fire, but mature or large tallow trees can survive or be top-killed by fire, depending on fire intensity and timing of the burn [24]. Thick bark, a characteristic of aging, as well as vigorous basal and root sprouts following fires, allow tallow to survive and persist after low-or moderate-intensity ground fires, including those recurring at frequent intervals [7,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Prescribed Fire, Site Factors, and Seed Sources on the Spread of Invasive Triadica sebifera in a Fire-Managed Coastal Landscape in Southeastern Mississippi, USA

Yang

Fan

Liu

et al. 2019

Forests

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In the Gulf of Mexico coastal region, prescribed fire has been increasingly used as a management tool to restore declining native ecosystems, but it also increases the threat posed by biological invasion, since the treated sites are more susceptible to invasive species such as Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera). We chose Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge (MSCNWR), a fire-managed landscape, to examine the potential effect of prescribed fire and landscape/community features on tallow invasion and spread. We took a complete survey of roadways and fire lines for tallow and measured a systematic sample of 144 10 × 3 m2 rectangular plots along two selected roadways and a simple random sample of 56 0.04-ha circular plots across burn units. We used pair correlation function for marked point pattern data, zero-inflated negative binomial models for count data, as well as multivariate Hotelling’s T2 test, to analyze the effect of prescribed fire and landscape/community characteristics on tallow invasion and spread along habitat edges and into interiors. Our results show that tallow spread along habitat edges and into interiors in a spatially clustered pattern. Tallow invasion risk decreases with the distance to seed trees and shrub coverage, and with the time since last fire if seed trees are outside the effective seed dispersal range (~300 m), but increases with the time since last fire if seed trees are within the effective seed dispersal range. Tallow seedling (≤2 years old) densities increase with the time since last fire and with increasing overstory tree basal area, but decrease with the distance to seed trees. Tallow-invaded interior plots have significantly shorter mean fire return intervals (2.7 years), lower shrub coverage (8.6%), and are closer to edges (20.3 m) than non-invaded plots (4.3 years, 18.4%, 167.6 m, respectively).

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Vascular Plant Survey of Cumberland Island National Seashore, Camden County, Georgia

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Twelve years of repeated wild hog activity promotes population maintenance of an invasive clonal plant in a coastal dune ecosystem

Twelve years of repeated wild hog activity promotes population maintenance of an invasive clonal plant in a coastal dune ecosystem

Additions to the Flora of Georgia Vouchered at the University of Georgia (GA) and Valdosta State University (VSC) Herbaria

Effects of Prescribed Fire, Site Factors, and Seed Sources on the Spread of Invasive Triadica sebifera in a Fire-Managed Coastal Landscape in Southeastern Mississippi, USA

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