Vascular permeability changes involved in tumor metastasis

High expression of SDF‑1 and VEGF is associated with poor prognosis in patients with synovial sarcomas

“…In original and/or metastatic tumor sites, reconstruction of local microvascular environment is one of the most important steps facilitating the survival of new mitotic tumor cells (28). It is thought that SDF-1 may upregulate the expression of VEGF via the SDF-1/CXCR-4 (chemokine receptor-4, the specific receptor of SDF-1) pathway (29).…”

Tumour Hypoxia and the Hypoxia-Inducible Transcription Factors: Key Players in Cancer Progression and Metastasis

“…The many and complex effects of hypoxia on immune cells will not be covered here. The endothelial cells are also influenced by hypoxia; VEGF induces angiogenic processes and promotes vascular permeability allowing serum with liquid and proteins to enter the tissue and tumour cells to enter circulation (Garcia-Roman and Zentella-Dehesa 2013). Recently, HIF1a in endothelial cells was shown to contribute to tumour metastasis by promoting tumour cell passage over the endothelial barrier in a mouse breast cancer model (Branco-Price et al 2012).…”

Do Amide Local Anesthetics Play a Therapeutic Role in the Perioperative Management of Cancer Patients?

“…31 Src activation, defined as Src autophosphorylation at tyrosine 419 and dephosphorylation of Src inhibitory phosphotyrosine 529, 32 is known to lead to a massive loss of endothelial barrier function and a subsequent increase in vascular permeability, 32 which might enhance the extravasation of CTCs. 33 It has also been shown that this extravasation of malignant cells might depend on several events which are crucial for the recruitment and the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium and their subsequent transendothelial migration. 33 Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), for example, is not only expressed by endothelial cells, 34 but also by several different types of tumor cells [35][36][37][38] and is a key component for the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium.…”

“…33 It has also been shown that this extravasation of malignant cells might depend on several events which are crucial for the recruitment and the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium and their subsequent transendothelial migration. 33 Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), for example, is not only expressed by endothelial cells, 34 but also by several different types of tumor cells [35][36][37][38] and is a key component for the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium. 39 Once phosphorylated at tyrosine 512 by Src, for example, upon stimulation with TNFa, ICAM-1 binds to CD11b (integrin aM) on the surface of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) (neutrophil granulocytes, PMNs), which then leads to an enhanced adhesion and subsequent transmigration.…”