Vascular Mechanics

Dobrin, Philip B.

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp020303

Cited by 77 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…Repeatability of radial artery diameter and intima-media thickness measurements was investigated in 10 subjects (5 normotensives and 5 hypertensives) by calculating the repeatability coefficient (RC), as defined by the British Standard Institution 23 according to the formula RC 2 =1Di 2 In, where n is the sample size and Di the relative difference within each pair of measures. This coefficient is the SD of the estimated difference between two repeated measurements.…”

Section: Repeatability Of In Vivo Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastic modulus of the radial artery wall material is not increased in patients with essential hypertension.

Laurent

Girerd

Mourad

et al. 1994

Arterioscler Thromb

202

148

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Hypertension is known to decrease arterial distensibility and systemic compliance. However, the arterial tree is not homogeneous, and it has been shown that the mediumsize radial artery does not behave like the proximal, elastic, large, common carotid artery. Indeed, radial artery compliance in hypertensive patients (HTs) has been shown to be paradoxically increased when compared with that in normotensive control subjects (NTs) at the same blood pressure level. To determine whether this increase was due to hypertension-related hypertrophy of the arterial wall, radial artery functional and geometric parameters from 22 NTs (mean±SD, 44±11 years) were compared with those from 25 age-and sex-matched never-treated essential HTs (48 ±12 years) by using a high-precision ultrasonic, echo-tracking system coupled to a photoplethysmograph (Finapres system),

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Section: Repeatability Of In Vivo Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastic modulus of the radial artery wall material is not increased in patients with essential hypertension.

Laurent

Girerd

Mourad

et al. 1994

Arterioscler Thromb

202

148

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“…The (passive) mechanical behaviour of arterial walls is mainly determined by elastin and collagen in the media and adventitia [12]. These two constituents are embedded in an extracellular, non-fibrous, glycosaminoglycan-rich matrix [10], forming a complex three-dimensional network including smooth muscle cells [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the layer-specific distributed collagen fibre orientations in human thoracic and abdominal aortas and common iliac arteries

Schriefl

Zeindlinger

Pierce

et al. 2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

309

294

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The established method of polarized microscopy in combination with a universal stage is used to determine the layer-specific distributed collagen fibre orientations in 11 human non-atherosclerotic thoracic and abdominal aortas and common iliac arteries (63 + 15.3 years, mean + s.d.). A dispersion model is used to quantify over 37 000 recorded fibre angles from tissue samples. The study resulted in distinct fibre families, fibre directions, dispersion and thickness data for each layer and all vessels investigated. Two fibre families were present for the intima, media and adventitia in the aortas, with often a third and sometimes a fourth family in the intima in the respective axial and circumferential directions. In all aortas, the two families were almost symmetrically arranged with respect to the cylinder axis, closer to the axial direction in the adventitia, closer to the circumferential direction in the media and in between in the intima. The same trend was found for the intima and adventitia of the common iliac arteries; however, there was only one preferred fibre alignment present in the media. In all locations and layers, the observed fibre orientations were always in the tangential plane of the walls, with no radial components and very small dispersion through the wall thickness. A wider range of in-plane fibre orientations was present in the intima than in the media and adventitia. The mean total wall thickness for the aortas and the common iliac artery was 1.39 and 1.05 mm, respectively. For the aortas, a slight thickening of the intima and a thinning of the media in increasingly distal regions were observed. A clear intimal thickening was present distal to the branching of the celiac arteries. All data, except for the media of the common iliac arteries, showed two prominent collagen fibre families for all layers so that two-fibre family models seem most appropriate.

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“…Similarly, the structure and biomechanics of elastic tissues in the skin and lung and the changes associated with ageing and disease are well understood [1,2]. However, fine fibres of elastin are difficult to detect by classical light and electron microscopic techniques, and, in consequence, the existence of networks of fine fibres of elastin in other tissues such as small blood vessels and adipose tissue has been largely overlooked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The structure and micromechanics of elastic tissue

et al. 2014

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Elastin is a major component of tissues such as lung and blood vessels, and endows them with the long-range elasticity necessary for their physiological functions. Recent research has revealed the complexity of these elastin structures and drawn attention to the existence of extensive networks of fine elastin fibres in tissues such as articular cartilage and the intervertebral disc. Nonlinear microscopy, allowing the visualization of these structures in living tissues, is informing analysis of their mechanical properties. Elastic fibres are complex in composition and structure containing, in addition to elastin, an array of microfibrillar proteins, principally fibrillin. Raman microspectrometry and X-ray scattering have provided new insights into the mechanisms of elasticity of the individual component proteins at the molecular and fibrillar levels, but more remains to be done in understanding their mechanical interactions in composite matrices. Elastic tissue is one of the most stable components of the extracellular matrix, but impaired mechanical function is associated with ageing and diseases such as atherosclerosis and diabetes. Efforts to understand these associations through studying the effects of processes such as calcium and lipid binding and glycation on the mechanical properties of elastin preparations in vitro have produced a confusing picture, and further efforts are required to determine the molecular basis of such effects.

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Vascular Mechanics

Abstract: The sections in this article are: Behavior of Arteries in Vivo Circumferential Properties of Arteries Relaxed Arteries Contracted Arteries Longitudinal Properties of Arteries Elastic Characteristics Intimal Shear Stresses Radial P… Show more

Cited by 77 publications

References 185 publications

Elastic modulus of the radial artery wall material is not increased in patients with essential hypertension.

Elastic modulus of the radial artery wall material is not increased in patients with essential hypertension.

Determination of the layer-specific distributed collagen fibre orientations in human thoracic and abdominal aortas and common iliac arteries

The structure and micromechanics of elastic tissue

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