Vascular function long term after Kawasaki disease: another piece of the puzzle?

Pinto, Fátima F.; Gomes, Inês; Loureiro, Petra; Laranjo, Sérgio; Timóteo, Ana Teresa; Carmo, Miguel Mota

doi:10.1017/s1047951116000780

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Moreover, cross-sectional analyses of children with Kawasaki disease have revealed several accounts of vascular inflammation, including subclinical arterial stiffness (Oguri et al, 2014) and heightened radial artery AIx (Zheng et al, 2019). Although these shortterm manifestations can relate to increased risk of atherosclerotic progression (McCrindle et al, 2007;Tobayama et al, 2013), vascular impairments can persist for years after symptom amelioration of diseases associated with vascular inflammation (Pinto et al, 2013(Pinto et al, , 2017, including long-term changes to arterial stiffness and AIx (Tobayama et al, 2013). The greater aortic AIx and AIx@HR75 among adults with SARS-CoV-2 in the present study (Figure 3), although arguably indicative of the viscoelastic properties of the aorta and large arteries, might therefore be corroborating our previous accounts of arterial stiffness, as evidenced by greater carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, among young adults who recently contracted SARS-CoV-2 (Ratchford et al, 2020).…”

Section: Carotid Pulse Wave Analysis With Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid stiffness, intima–media thickness and aortic augmentation index among adults with SARS‐CoV‐2

Szeghy

Province

Stute

et al. 2021

Experimental Physiology

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Contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been observed to cause decrements in vascular function of young adults. However, less is known about the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on arterial stiffness and structure, which might have additional implications for cardiovascular health. The purpose of this study was to assess the carotid artery stiffness and structure using ultrasound and the aortic augmentation index (AIx) using applanation tonometry in young adults after they tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. We hypothesized that carotid artery stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and aortic AIx would be elevated in young adults with SARS-CoV-2 compared with healthy young adults. We evaluated 15 young adults (six male and nine female; 20 ± 1 years of age; body mass index, 24 ± 3 kg m −2 ) 3-4 weeks after a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result compared with young healthy adults (five male and 10 female; 23 ± 1 years of age; body mass index, 22 ± 2 kg m −2 ) who were evaluated before the coronavirus 2019 pandemic. Carotid stiffness, Young's modulus and cIMT were assessed using ultrasound, whereas aortic AIx and aortic AIx standardized to 75 beats min −1 (AIx@HR75) were assessed from carotid pulse wave analysis using SphygmoCor. Group differences were observed for carotid stiffness (control, 5 ± 1 m s −1 ; SARS-CoV-2, 6 ± 1 m s −1 ), Young's modulus (control, 396 ± 120 kPa; SARS-CoV-2, 576 ± 224 kPa), aortic AIx (control, 3 ± 13%; SARS-CoV-2, 13 ± 9%) and aortic AIx@HR75 (control, −3 ± 16%; SARS-CoV-2, 10 ± 7%; P < 0.05). However, cIMT was similar between groups (control, 0.42 ± 0.06 mm; SARS-CoV-2, 0.44 ± 0.08 mm; P > 0.05). This cross-sectional analysis revealed higher carotid artery stiffness and aortic stiffness among young adults with SARS-CoV-2.These results provide further evidence of cardiovascular impairments among young adults recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection, which should be considered for cardiovascular complications associated with SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Carotid Pulse Wave Analysis With Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid stiffness, intima–media thickness and aortic augmentation index among adults with SARS‐CoV‐2

Szeghy

Province

Stute

et al. 2021

Experimental Physiology

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“…Increase in stiffness of aorta and decrease in elasticity has also been reported by several authors leading to functional impairment of aorta. This has been observed both during the acute stage and several years after the diagnosis of KD (104)(105)(106).…”

Section: Aortic Root Involvementmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…FMD depicts the capacity of brachial artery to increase its diameter in response to increase in blood flow. Studies have shown endothelial dysfunction of brachial artery in patients with KD that may persist even a decade after the acute stage (105,(110)(111)(112)(113)(114)(115). Dietz et al has observed the increased stiffness index patients with KD and CAAs (116).…”

Section: Endothelial Dysfunction In Patients With Kdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Involvement in Kawasaki Disease Is Much More Than Mere Coronary Arteritis

et al. 2020

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Kawasaki disease (KD) is now a common cause of acquired heart disease in children. Coronary artery involvement is the most serious complication in children with KD. Several non-coronary complications have now been identified in this condition but these are often overlooked. Myocarditis is an integral component of KD and may be more common than coronary artery abnormalities. Pericardial involvement and valvular abnormalities have also been observed in patients with KD. KD shock syndrome is now being increasingly recognized and may be difficult to differentiate clinically from toxic shock syndrome. Endothelial dysfunction has been reported both during acute stage and also on follow-up. This may be a potentially modifiable cardiovascular risk factor.

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“…Furthermore, in cardiac diseases and postcardiac surgery, Endo-PAT has been proven useful in multiple studies (table 3). 44 75 77 Dietz et al ’s78 systematic review and metanalysis on peripheral ED in Kawasaki disease, report coronary arterial aneurysms had higher surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease risk 78. This may indicate that these patients should be monitored for CVD in adulthood; however, significant heterogeneity was noted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (Endo-PAT 2000) use in paediatric patients: a systematic review

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesEndo Peripheral Artery Tonometry (EndoPAT-2000) is a non-invasive technology for measuring endothelial dysfunction (ED). The reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) is resulted and is low when ED is present. We aim to synthesise the literature on paediatric ED that used Endo-PAT analysis.DesignA comprehensive systematic review was conducted from January 2015 to March 2021. The databases included Cochrane, MEDLINE EBSCO, EMBASE (Ovid), PUBMED and CINAHL EBSCO. Exclusion criteria were: (1) If a study used a different device, for example, (2) If the study had no results. Inclusion criteria were: (1) Published in the English, (2) more than 50% of study subjects were in the paediatric age range, (3) data relevant to paediatric age range children could be extrapolated from all data, where not all study subjects were children.ResultsFollowing the removal of duplicates, 156 articles were initially identified. Following exclusion, 50 articles were included for review. We have subdivided these papers into different systems for ease of reference and have reported our findings in six tables: patients with type 1/2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular, respiratory, psychiatric conditions and miscellaneous diseases. For each, the study design, population, control group (if available), RHI results and conclusions were reported.ConclusionsA number of papers using Endo-PAT for children with various chronic diseases have evidence of ED. However, in many cases, there has only been a single cohort study using Endo-PAT. Further studies are required to validate these findings and to help characterise the cardiovascular risk profile of children with chronic disease. Further studies are also required that will characterise more completely the cardiovascular risk profile of these children.Consensus on other vascular risk markers that could be included in future studies is ideal and if accomplished, this would facilitate meta-analyses of studies of relatively rare conditions.

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Vascular function long term after Kawasaki disease: another piece of the puzzle?

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Carotid stiffness, intima–media thickness and aortic augmentation index among adults with SARS‐CoV‐2

Carotid stiffness, intima–media thickness and aortic augmentation index among adults with SARS‐CoV‐2

Cardiovascular Involvement in Kawasaki Disease Is Much More Than Mere Coronary Arteritis

Endothelial Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (Endo-PAT 2000) use in paediatric patients: a systematic review

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