Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptors expression and microvascular density in benign and malignant thyroid diseases

Jebreel, Alaeddin; England, James; Bedford, Karen; Murphy, Justin; Karsai, Laszlo; Atkin, Stephen L.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2613.2007.00533.x

Cited by 83 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This finding is relevant because higher expression of VEGF-A is often associated with tumour growth due to his potential contribution for providing nutrients for cell proliferation. In agreement with other articles in the literature, our study demonstrates that the levels of immunoexpression of VEGF-A in morphologically normal adjacent regions is lower than that found in the papillary and follicular neoplasms of the thyroid [21]. We demonstrate that almost 100% of papillary and follicular carcinomas showed immunohistochemical positive expression of VEGF-A in cancer cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Pro and Anti-Angiogenic Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Expression in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions

Wakamatsu¹

2013

Thyroid Disorders Ther

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Pro and Anti-Angiogenic Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Expression in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions

Wakamatsu¹

2013

Thyroid Disorders Ther

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“…The current authors hypothesize that the observed overlap in CEUS perfusion was a result of the specific tissue biostructures of the investigated nodules. Jebreel et al (22) reported that differences in the microvessel density of benign lesions measuring <1 cm in diameter and malignant nodules may not be evident when the tumors are small. Furthermore, small malignant nodules may not exhibit typical characteristics of malignant tumors, including a large variation in vascular diameter and shape, a large number of vascular branches, easy formation of arteriovenous fistulae, low efficiency of new tumor vessels, or edema and fibrosis of the lesion stroma (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical value of elasticity imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. The present study aimed to evaluate the value of elasticity imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the differential diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (TMC). In total, 73 patients exhibiting a total of 80 small thyroid nodules, which were difficult to diagnose using conventional ultrasonography, underwent elasticity imaging and CEUS. The diagnostic findings were subsequently clarified by intraoperative and pathological examination, and the accuracy of the 2 diagnostic methods was compared. The correct diagnostic rate of CEUS was 85% (68/80 nodules), of which 6 cases of TMC were misdiagnosed as benign lesions and 6 benign nodules were misdiagnosed as TMC. By contrast, the accuracy rate of the elasticity imaging, based on the 5-point diagnostic method, was 92.5% (74/80 nodules), of which 3 cases of TMC were misdiagnosed as benign nodules and 3 benign nodules were misdiagnosed as TMC. Furthermore, elasticity imaging in the diagnosis of TMC was determined to have sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rates of 94.0, 90.0 and 92.5%, respectively, whereas the corresponding rates for CEUS were 88.0, 80.0 and 85.0%, respectively. Thus, ultrasonographic elasticity imaging exhibited significant advantages in the diagnosis of TMC compared with CEUS (P<0.05). The use of CEUS demonstrates no evident advantage in the diagnosis of TMC; however, an elasticity score of ≥3 is of high clinical value as a diagnostic criterion for TMC. IntroductionAt present, there are >300 million individuals with thyroid disease worldwide (1). In particular, thyroid nodules, which are the second most common endocrine system disease, have received increasing attention (2,3). Conventional ultrasonography was previously considered to be the preferred diagnostic tool for patients with thyroid disease, and has been reported as the most effective method for the clinical assessment and treatment of this disorder (4). However, with the development of high-frequency ultrasonography, the early detection of thyroid lesions has improved (5). Thus, high-frequency ultrasonography has become the preferred method for the clinical evaluation and treatment of thyroid disease (6). Accordingly, thyroid nodules identified on cervical ultrasonographic examination account for 50% of all reported thyroid nodules (7). Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (TMC) is an early-stage subtype of thyroid carcinoma with a maximum tumor diameter of ≤10 mm and a frequency of 65-99% among all thyroid carcinomas (8). However, nodular thyroid lesions measuring ≤1 cm in diameter may possess features that are characteristic of different types of lesions, commonly resulting in an uncertain diagnosis during pre-operative conventional ultrasonography (8). Therefore, the development of novel pre-operative diagnostic methods is required.In previous years, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and ultrasonic elastography (UE) have become popular research topics, and these modalities have been proposed for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid lesion...

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“…In phase III studies, reported rates have ranged from 4% to 16% (4, 7), and in a rare prospective observational study, 27% of patients treated with sunitinib developed sub-or clinical hypothyroidism requiring hormone replacement (28). The mechanisms by which sunitinib affects thyroid function remain unclear but may include antiangiogenic effects (29,30), iodine uptake inhibition (31), destructive thyroiditis (32), inhibition of thyroid peroxidase activity (33), and reduction of vascularity (34) by capillary regression and/or constriction.…”

Section: Molecular Basis Of Hypothyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antiangiogenic effect of sunitinib may be responsible for capillary regression (29,34) that enhances toxicity to the thyroid gland. In normal thyroid follicular cells, thyroid-stimulating hormone or thyrotropin (TSH) induces the expression of VEGF and VEGFR, thereby influencing angiogenesis (35).…”

Section: Molecular Basis Of Hypothyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into Molecular Mechanisms of Sunitinib-Associated Side Effects

Aparicio-Gallego

Blanco

Figueroa

et al. 2011

Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

104

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The introduction of targeted therapy represents a major advance in the treatment of tumor progression. Targeted agents are a novel therapeutic approach developed to disrupt different cellular signaling pathways. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib specifically blocks multiple tyrosine kinase receptors that are involved in the progression of many tumors. Sunitinib is the current standard of care in first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma, and it is approved in imatinib-intolerant and imatinib-refractory gastrointestinal stromal tumors. However, it is increasingly evident that sunitinib may display collateral effects on other proteins beyond its main target receptors, eliciting undesirable and unexpected adverse events. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these undesirable sunitinib-associated side effects will help physicians to maximize efficacy of sunitinib and minimize adverse events. Here, we focus on new insights into molecular mechanisms that may mediate sunitinib-associated adverse events. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(12); 2215-23. Ó2011 AACR.

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Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptors expression and microvascular density in benign and malignant thyroid diseases

Cited by 83 publications

References 47 publications

Pro and Anti-Angiogenic Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Expression in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions

Pro and Anti-Angiogenic Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Expression in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions

Clinical value of elasticity imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

New Insights into Molecular Mechanisms of Sunitinib-Associated Side Effects

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