Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphism is associated with treatment resistant depression

Viikki, Merja; Anttila, Sami; Kampman, Olli; Illi, Ari; Huuhka, Martti; Setälä-Soikkeli, Eija; Mononen, Nina; Lehtimäki, Terho; Leìnonen, Esa

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2010.04.039

Cited by 69 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Moreover, we found a positive association between some aspects of heroin craving, like the desire for and the anticipation of desirable heroin effects, and the VEGF-A serum levels measured directly after application of DAM in the morning (t2) and in the afternoon (t4). This observation is consistent with the putative association between VEGF-A and depression reported before [15,16,22]. These results suggest that the angiogenic factor VEGF-A may be directly involved in the perception and/or constitution of positive DAM effects, although the neurobiological mechanisms that may explain this association are not fully understood.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Association of Nerve Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A with Psychometric Measurements of Opiate Dependence: Results of a Pilot Study in Patients Participating in a Structured Diamorphine Maintenance Program

Heberlein

Dürsteler‐MacFarland²,

Frieling³

et al. 2012

Eur Addict Res

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Preclinical study results suggest that neurotrophic peptides like nerve growth factor (NGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) may be associated with symptoms of addictive behavior like withdrawal symptoms and rewarding effects. We investigated alterations in NGF and VEGF-A serum levels in opiate-dependent patients (25 male patients), who received diamorphine (DAM, heroin) treatment within a structured opiate maintenance program, and compared the results with the NGF and VEGF-A serum levels of healthy controls (23 male controls). NGF and VEGF-A serum levels were assessed before and after DAM administration twice a day (in the morning (16 h after last application – t1) and in the afternoon (7 h after last application – t3)) in order to detect a possible immediate or summative (in the afternoon) heroin effect on these two neuropeptides. Moreover, we investigated possible associations between the serum levels of these neurotrophic growth factors and psychometric dimensions of addictive behavior, e.g. craving, withdrawal, depression. Whereas there was no direct effect of DAM application on the serum levels of both neurotrophic growth factors neither in the morning nor in the afternoon, the NGF serum levels of the patient group were found to be significantly increased at all four time points of investigation compared with the healthy controls. In contrast, VEGF-A serum levels did not differ significantly in the patient and control groups. We found a significant positive association between the NGF serum levels and several items of the short opiate withdrawal scale as well as a negative association between self-reported mood (measured by visual analogue scale) and mood before heroin application (in the morning as in the afternoon). Moreover, we found a significant positive association between the NGF serum levels (t1 and t3) and the self-reported craving for methadone. In contrast, we found a negative association between the VEGF-A serum levels and avoidance, anxiety, suicide intentions of the SCL-90 as well as a positive association between the VEGF-A serum levels and the subscales of the heroin craving questionnaire measuring the rewarding effects of heroin. In conclusion, the results of this pilot study show that there might be an association between symptoms of opiate dependence and withdrawal and serum levels of VEGF-A and NGF.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In particular, the results given point towards an association between VEGF-A and antidepressant effects [15] and that polymorphisms of the VEGF-A gene may be relevant for the therapeutic outcome of antidepressant treatment [16]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Nerve Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A with Psychometric Measurements of Opiate Dependence: Results of a Pilot Study in Patients Participating in a Structured Diamorphine Maintenance Program

Heberlein

Dürsteler‐MacFarland²,

Frieling³

et al. 2012

Eur Addict Res

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“…27 In a recent study, VEGF has been suggested as a biomarker for more severe depressive states, and possibly for treatment resistance, as shown in a genetic association study to the VEGF gene. 28 Interestingly, the levels of CSF VEGF and IL-8 did not correlate with plasma levels of VEGF and IL-8 in suicide attempters. VEGF is known to regulate blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in certain acute conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

2158 – Low vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-8 in cerebrospinal fluid of suicide attempters

Isung

Aeinehband

Mobarrez

et al. 2013

European Psychiatry

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A dysregulated immune system influencing pathways for cytokine regulation and growth factor expression is implicated in the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines and growth factors with an ultra-sensitive immunoassay system in 43 medication-free suicide attempters and 20 healthy male volunteers. CSF vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CSF interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels were significantly lower in suicide attempters compared with healthy controls. Further, CSF VEGF showed a significant negative correlation with depression severity. CSF IL-6 levels did not differ between suicide attempters and healthy controls. Low CSF levels of VEGF may represent a lack of trophic support to neurons and downregulation of neurogenesis in the hippocampus reflecting more severe depressive states. IL-8 has also been reported as important in neuroprotection as well as having chemokine activity in the innate immune response. The results support a role for an impaired innate immunity and dysregulation of neuroprotection in the pathophysiology of depression and suicidal behavior.

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“…Some studies have found no association between improvement in depressive psycho-pathology after ECT, and changes in serum BDNF or other neurotrophic factors (Fernandes et al, 2009;Gronli et al, 2009). However, there have also been reports of positive association between serum BDNF and therapeutic effi cacy of ECT for depression (Piccinni et al, 2009;Viikki et al, 2010a). Activation of glial cells may play a part in mediating the antidepressant effects of ECT (Palmio et al, 2010), and successful ECT may also be associated with elevated serum glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) levels (Zhang et al, 2009).…”

Section: What Is the Mechanism Of Action?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A plausible mechanism for this may be the role of COMT degradation of norepinephrine and dopamine. Treatment response to ECT was not associated with two tryptophan-hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) polymorphisms , vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphism (VEGF 2578 C/A) (Viikki, et al, 2010a), angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene (Stewart et al, 2009), or carrier status for the long allele of the serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (Rasmussen and Black, 2009). The CC genotype of one tryptophan hydroxylase polymorphism (TPH1 218A/C) was associated with increased risk of MDD and lower probability of responding treatment (Viikki et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Can We Predict Who Will Benefi T From Ect?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of ECT and MST in treating depression

Allan

Ebmeier

2011

International Review of Psychiatry

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been used clinically since 1938. Its most common use is in the treatment of depression: fi rst line treatment where rapid recovery is a priority, but more frequently as an effective treatment for patients who do not respond to pharmacological and psychological approaches. Whilst it is widely hailed as an effective treatment, concerns about its effect on cognition remain. The development of magnetic seizure therapy (MST) over the past decade has attempted to devise a therapy with comparable effi cacy to ECT, but without the associated cognitive side effects. The rationale for this is that MST uses magnetic fi elds to induce seizures in the cortex, without electrical stimulation of brain structures involved with memory. MST has been used successfully in the treatment of depression, yet there is a dearth of literature in comparison with ECT. We present a systematic review of the literature on ECT (from 2009ECT (from -2011 and MST (from 2001MST (from -2011.

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Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphism is associated with treatment resistant depression

Cited by 69 publications

References 39 publications

Association of Nerve Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A with Psychometric Measurements of Opiate Dependence: Results of a Pilot Study in Patients Participating in a Structured Diamorphine Maintenance Program

Association of Nerve Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A with Psychometric Measurements of Opiate Dependence: Results of a Pilot Study in Patients Participating in a Structured Diamorphine Maintenance Program

2158 – Low vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-8 in cerebrospinal fluid of suicide attempters

The Use of ECT and MST in treating depression

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