Vascular Development and Morphogenesis in Biomaterials

Barreto-Ortiz, Sebastian F.; Smith, Quinton; Gerecht, Sharon

doi:10.1201/b16777-9

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…We cultured the samples under a forward pressure difference (i.e., with pressure in the lumen greater than pressure in the gel), which should exert a stabilizing transmural pressure. 16 This pressure condition allowed the lymphatic endothelium to remain adherent to the collagen gel; on day 3, we reversed the direction of the pressure gradient for at least four hours prior to the fluid and solute drainage assays to acclimate the endothelium to lymphatic-like negative transmural pressures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design principles for lymphatic drainage of fluid and solutes from collagen scaffolds

Thompson

Margolis

Ryan

et al. 2017

J Biomedical Materials Res

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In vivo, tissues are drained of excess fluid and macromolecules by the lymphatic vascular system. How to engineer artificial lymphatics that can provide equivalent drainage in biomaterials remains an open question. This study elucidates design principles for engineered lymphatics, by comparing the rates of removal of fluid and solute through type I collagen gels that contain lymphatic vessels or unseeded channels, or through gels without channels. Surprisingly, no difference was found between the fluid drainage rates for gels that contained vessels or bare channels. Moreover, solute drainage rates were greater in collagen gels that contained lymphatic vessels than in those that had bare channels. The enhancement of solute drainage by lymphatic endothelium was more pronounced in longer scaffolds and with smaller solutes. Whole-scaffold imaging revealed that endothelialization aided in solute drainage by impeding solute reflux into the gel without hindering solute entry into the vessel lumen. These results were reproduced by computational models of drainage with a flow-dependent endothelial hydraulic conductivity. This study shows that endothelialization of bare channels does not impede the drainage of fluid from collagen gels and can increase the drainage of macromolecules by preventing solute transport back into the scaffold.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used round-tipped needles, which were made by grinding sharp needles (Seirin) gently against a rough surface, to avoid angular features at the tip of the channel that could favor stress concentration and cell detachment. 16…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design principles for lymphatic drainage of fluid and solutes from collagen scaffolds

Thompson

Margolis

Ryan

et al. 2017

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…Maintenance of vascular adhesion can be viewed as (A) a balance of outward (stabilizing) and inward (destabilizing) stresses, including pressures, contractile stress, and adhesion stress, or as (B) a balance of adhesion (stabilizing) and stored elastic (destabilizing) energies. Adapted with permission from (643).…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Engineering of the Microvasculature

Tien

2019

Comprehensive Physiology

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The ability of generate new microvessels in desired numbers and at desired locations has been a long-sought goal in vascular medicine, engineering, and biology. Historically, the need to revascularize ischemic tissues non-surgically (so-called therapeutic vascularization) served as the main driving force for the development of new methods of vascular growth. More recently, vascularization of engineered tissues and the generation of vascularized microphysiological systems have provided additional targets for these methods, and have required adaptation of therapeutic vascularization to biomaterial scaffolds and to microscale devices. Three complementary strategies have been investigated to engineer microvasculature: angiogenesis (the sprouting of existing vessels), vasculogenesis (the coalescence of adult or progenitor cells into vessels), and microfluidics (the vascularization of scaffolds that possess the open geometry of microvascular networks). Over the past several decades, vascularization techniques have grown tremendously in sophistication, from the crude implantation of arteries into myocardial tunnels by Vineberg in the 1940s, to the current use of micropatterning techniques to control the exact shape and placement of vessels within a scaffold. This review provides a broad historical view of methods to engineer the microvasculature, and offers a common framework for organizing and analyzing the numerous studies in this area of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

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“…85,86 Such systems have numerous advantages such as live cell imaging of processes, including cell intravasation and extravasation, 87,88 endothelial cell structure and function, and transport of solutes. 72,[89][90][91][92][93] One limitation in using rigid rods or needles to create microvessels is the perfectly straight cylindrical shape of the vessels created by the rod, a shape which rarely occurs in vivo. An additional limitation is the gel matrix needs to be sufficiently stiff to maintain the integrity of the channel during and following the needle removal process.…”

Section: Microvessels (Diameter 10-50 Microns)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Engineering the Vascular Tree

Traore

George

2017

Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews

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A major hurdle in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine remains the design and construction of larger (> 1 cm) in vitro tissues for biological studies and transplantation. While there has been success in creating three-dimensional (3D) capillary networks, relatively large arteries (diameter >3-5 mm), and more recently small arteries (diameter 500 μm-1 mm), there has been no success in the creation of a living dynamic blood vessel network comprising of arterioles (diameter 40-300 μm), capillaries, and venules. Such a network would provide the foundation to supply nutrients and oxygen to all surrounding cells for larger tissues and organs that require a hierarchical vascular supply. In this study, we describe the different technologies and methods that have been employed in an effort to create individual vessels and networks of vessels to support engineered tissues for in vivo and in vitro applications. A special focus is placed on the generation of blood vessels with average dimensions that span from microns (capillaries) to a millimeter (large arterioles). We also identify major challenges while exploring new opportunities to create model systems of the entire vascular tree, including arterioles and venules.

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Vascular Development and Morphogenesis in Biomaterials

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Design principles for lymphatic drainage of fluid and solutes from collagen scaffolds

Design principles for lymphatic drainage of fluid and solutes from collagen scaffolds

Tissue Engineering of the Microvasculature

Tissue Engineering the Vascular Tree

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