Vascular Cambium

doi:10.1002/0470047380.ch12

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 115 publications

(168 reference statements)

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“…Hence, the cambium is ideal to tackle principles of cell fate decisions in plants and beyond. In many species, the cambium consists of a cylindrical domain of stem cells, producing wood inward and bast outward ( Larson, 1994 ; Evert, 2006 ; Shi et al, 2019 ; Smetana et al, 2019 ). Wood (xylem) transports water and nutrients from roots to shoots and stabilizes the plant body based on exceptionally stiff cell walls produced by xylem cells, whereas bast (phloem) mainly transports sugars and signaling molecules from source to sink tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Fate Decisions Within the Vascular Cambium–Initiating Wood and Bast Formation

2022

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Precise coordination of cell fate decisions is a hallmark of multicellular organisms. Especially in tissues with non-stereotypic anatomies, dynamic communication between developing cells is vital for ensuring functional tissue organization. Radial plant growth is driven by a plant stem cell niche known as vascular cambium, usually strictly producing secondary xylem (wood) inward and secondary phloem (bast) outward, two important structures serving as much-needed CO2 depositories and building materials. Because of its bidirectional nature and its developmental plasticity, the vascular cambium serves as an instructive paradigm for investigating principles of tissue patterning. Although genes and hormones involved in xylem and phloem formation have been identified, we have a yet incomplete picture of the initial steps of cell fate transitions of stem cell daughters into xylem and phloem progenitors. In this mini-review perspective, we describe two possible scenarios of cell fate decisions based on the current knowledge about gene regulatory networks and how cellular environments are established. In addition, we point out further possible research directions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Fate Decisions Within the Vascular Cambium–Initiating Wood and Bast Formation

2022

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Do symplasmic networks in cambial zones correspond with secondary growth patterns?

2010

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The plasmodesmal (PD) network in the cambial zone of Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyls was analysed using electron microscopy and dye-coupling studies and compared to those of internodes of Populus nigra and Solanum lycopersicum. In all species, PD densities and frequencies undergo alterations in topologically successive cambial walls reflecting species-specific patterns of PD degradation and PD insertion during cell development. Longitudinal PD fission is responsible for an abrupt increment of PD numbers in specific walls of the youngest derivatives at the xylem and/or phloem side. Here, PDs seem to mediate positional signalling to control tissue fate and early cell determination. PD numbers at all cambial interfaces of A. thaliana correspond to those of the herbaceous tomato, but are higher with the woody poplar. This suggests a positive correlation between PD frequencies and the rapidity of cell division activity. Photoactivated green fluorescent protein (26 kDa) did not diffuse through cambial PDs of A. thaliana. This is in keeping with the common size exclusion limit (SEL) of 8-10 kDa observed for PDs at the youngest interfaces of tomato and poplar which may mediate diffusive exchange of developmental signals of equal molecular size. The regular growth patterns in internodal cambial zones of poplar and tomato result from synchronized cell division activity of neighbouring initials. A. thaliana hypocotyls have an irregular mode of secondary growth. Here, signalling through PDs in misaligned radial walls between non-homologous derivatives may control tissue development. The observed organizational differences between the cambia cast doubts on the suitability of A. thaliana as a model plant for cambial research.

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Plant-thickening mechanisms revealed

Wolf

Lohmann

2019

Nature

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Vascular Cambium

Cited by 7 publications

References 115 publications

Cell Fate Decisions Within the Vascular Cambium–Initiating Wood and Bast Formation

Cell Fate Decisions Within the Vascular Cambium–Initiating Wood and Bast Formation

Do symplasmic networks in cambial zones correspond with secondary growth patterns?

Plant-thickening mechanisms revealed

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