Varying Planting Dates or Irrigation Regimes Alters Cottonseed Composition

Pettigrew, William T.; Dowd, Michael K.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2011.02.0085

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The amount of nitrogen applied to our field plot was 35, 42 and 12 lbs/acre in the years 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Pettigrew and Dowd () observed that frequent irrigation of cotton fields resulted in increased oil content and decreased protein content in the seed. Due to scant rainfall, our field was irrigated frequently in 2009, and even more in 2011.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi‐mediated Ultra‐low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions

Palle

Campbell

Pandeya

et al. 2012

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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SummaryCottonseed remains a low-value by-product of lint production mainly due to the presence of toxic gossypol that makes it unfit for monogastrics. Ultra-low gossypol cottonseed (ULGCS) lines were developed using RNAi knockdown of d-cadinene synthase gene(s) in Gossypium hirsutum.The purpose of the current study was to assess the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait and evaluate the agronomic performance of the transgenic lines. Trials conducted over a period of 3 years show that the ULGCS trait was stable under field conditions and the foliage/floral organs of transgenic lines contained wild-type levels of gossypol and related terpenoids. Although it was a relatively small-scale study, we did not observe any negative effects on either the yield or quality of the fibre and seed in the transgenic lines compared with the nontransgenic parental plants. Compositional analysis was performed on the seeds obtained from plants grown in the field during 2009. As expected, the major difference between the ULGCS and wild-type cottonseeds was in terms of their gossypol levels. With the exception of oil content, the composition of ULGCS was similar to that of nontransgenic cottonseeds. Interestingly, the ULGCS had significantly higher (4%-8%) oil content compared with the seeds from the nontransgenic parent. Field trial results confirmed the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait suggesting that this RNAi-based product has the potential to be commercially viable. Thus, it may be possible to enhance and expand the nutritional utility of the annual cottonseed output to fulfil the ever-increasing needs of humanity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi‐mediated Ultra‐low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions

Palle

Campbell

Pandeya

et al. 2012

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…The TMR samples collected during wk 4 of each period were also were analyzed for indigestible ADF (ADF remaining after 288 h of in situ incubation) by the method of Huhtanen et al (1994). The 8 samples each of UCS, PCS, and PCSC were analyzed for total lipids according to AOAC International (1997; method 920.39; Dairyland Laboratories, Arcadia, WI) and for gossypol [total gossypol, (+)-gossypol, and (−)-gossypol] by methods based on AOCS Recommended Practice Ba 8a-99 (AOCS, 1998) as modified by Pettigrew and Dowd (2011). Frozen composites of alfalfa and corn silages were thawed and analyzed for NPN (Muck, 1987;Leco FP-2000 N Analyzer).…”

Section: Cottonseed Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of replacing soybean meal protein with protein from upland cottonseed, Pima cottonseed, or extruded Pima cottonseed on production of lactating dairy cows

Broderick

Kerkman²,

Sullivan³

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

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Pima cotton production is increasing in the United States, but Pima cottonseed generally contains higher concentrations of the antinutritive pigment gossypol than conventional upland cottonseed. Heating promotes the reaction of gossypol with protein, reducing gossypol absorption and toxicity. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional value for dairy cattle of Pima cottonseed cake (PCSC) that was heated and oil largely removed by an experimental extrusion process, compared with upland cottonseed (UCS) and Pima cottonseed (PCS). The PCS had greater crude protein (CP) and ether extract, less neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), similar total gossypol, but higher (-)-gossypol isomer compared with UCS. Extrusion reduced lipid content by 73%, increased concentrations of CP, NDF, and ADF, and reduced total gossypol, (+)-gossypol, and (-)-gossypol in PCSC versus PCS. Forty lactating Holsteins (8 with ruminal cannulas) were blocked by days in milk into 5 squares in a replicated, incomplete 8 × 8 Latin square, and were fed diets containing, on a dry matter (DM) basis, 30% alfalfa silage, 31% corn silage, 21 to 25% high-moisture corn, and about 15% CP. Diets were fed as total mixed rations for ad libitum intake. Supplemental CP was from (1) solvent soybean meal (SSBM) only or 50% from SSBM plus 50% from (2) UCS, (3) PCS, (4) PCSC, (5) UCS plus PCS, and (6) UCS plus PCSC, or (7) 50% from expeller soybean meal (ESBM) plus 50% from PCS, and (8) 50% from ESBM plus 50% from PCSC. Periods were 4 wk long (total of 16 wk); production data were collected over the last 2 wk and blood and ruminal samples were taken on d 28 of each period. Data were analyzed using Proc Mixed of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Diet affected dry matter intake, with greatest intake on diet 6 and lowest intake on diets 1 and 3. The highest milk fat content was observed on diet 5 and the greatest fat yield on diet 7; fat content and yield were lowest on diet 1 (soybean meal control). Milk fat secretion was proportional to dietary fat content, indicating that cottonseed oil was used effectively for milk fat synthesis. We observed a trend for an effect on milk protein yield with the greatest protein secretion occurring on diet 7. Milk urea was lowest on diets 3, 7, and 8. Ruminal concentrations of branched-chain volatile fatty acids were lower, or tended to be lower, when PCSC replaced either UCS or PCS in the diet, suggesting reduced degradation and increased escape of PCSC protein. Among cottonseed-containing diets, total gossypol intake was lowest on PCSC, intermediate on PCS, and highest on UCS. Total gossypol and both (+)- and (-)-isomers of gossypol were higher in blood plasma on PCS and lower on PCSC than on the corresponding diets containing UCS, indicating that the extrusion process reduced gossypol absorption. In this trial, production on diets supplemented with UCS, PCS, or PCSC was comparable to that on diets containing soybean meal.

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“…The production of cottonseed oil has reached the third position after rapeseed and soybean (USDA-ERS, 2013). Cottonseeds are rich in protein (17-27%), oil (12-30%), saturated fatty acids (∼29%) and unsaturated fatty acids (∼70%) (Dowd et al, 2010;Pettigrew and Dowd, 2011). Various environmental and management practices influence the cottonseed composition despite genetic control (Pettigrew and Dowd, 2011;Bellaloui et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cottonseeds are rich in protein (17-27%), oil (12-30%), saturated fatty acids (∼29%) and unsaturated fatty acids (∼70%) (Dowd et al, 2010;Pettigrew and Dowd, 2011). Various environmental and management practices influence the cottonseed composition despite genetic control (Pettigrew and Dowd, 2011;Bellaloui et al, 2015). Thus, a better management of crops and environmental factors is essential to maintain and ensure high productivity and nutritional quality of cottonseeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Productivity and Seed Nutrition of Cotton by Plant Growth Regulation under Deficient and Adequate Boron Conditions

et al. 2018

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-Plant growth regulators (PGRs) potentially improve the productivity and nutritional quality of crops through modulation of morphology, physiology and nutrient dynamics within plants. However, the effect of PGRs may differ under environments with deficient and adequate nutrients. Here the role of mepiquat chloride (MC) on the yield and seed nutritional quality of cotton was explored under boron (B) deficiency and adequate conditions in a two-year field study. Mepiquat chloride was foliar-applied at different dosages (0 and 70 mg L -1 ) and growth stages (squaring and flowering) and B was applied into soil (0, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 kg ha -1 ) to establish B deficiency and adequate levels. Seed cotton yield and seed nutritional quality were substantially higher under adequate B conditions, compared to B deficiency. Nonetheless, MC applications improved the seed cotton yield, seed oil yield, seed protein yield and concentration of seed mineral nutrients (N, P, K, B, Zn and Fe except for Mn) under both B deficiency and adequate conditions. Nonetheless, the improvement in all traits caused by MC application was greater under adequate B conditions (2-2.5 kg ha -1 B), compared to B deficiency conditions. Furthermore, the application of MC at squaring proved more beneficial in improving the seed cotton yield and nutritional quality, compared to the flowering stage. In conclusion, MC application improves seed cotton yield and cotton seed nutritional quality under both deficient and adequate B conditions, through an improved nutrient accumulation in seed tissues; however, the efficacy of MC is affected by B deficiency. Keywords

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Varying Planting Dates or Irrigation Regimes Alters Cottonseed Composition

Cited by 37 publications

References 18 publications

RNAi‐mediated Ultra‐low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions

RNAi‐mediated Ultra‐low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions

Effect of replacing soybean meal protein with protein from upland cottonseed, Pima cottonseed, or extruded Pima cottonseed on production of lactating dairy cows

Comparative Productivity and Seed Nutrition of Cotton by Plant Growth Regulation under Deficient and Adequate Boron Conditions

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