Varve counting reveals high resolution radiocarbon reservoir age variations in palaeolake Lisan

Prasad, Sushma; Negendank, Jörg F. W.; Stein, Mordechai

doi:10.1002/jqs.1289

Cited by 60 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The Lisan Formation, that forms the present case study, comprises mm-scale aragonite laminae that were precipitated from hypersaline waters of Lake Lisan during the summer, together with more detrital-rich layers washed into the lake during flood events (Begin et al 1974;Dor et al 2019). Counting of the aragonite-detrital varves, when combined with isotopic dating, suggests that the Lisan Formation was deposited at an average rate of ~1 mm per year (Prasad et al, 2009). The detrital units of the Lisan Formation consist of quartz and calcite grains with minor feldspar, and clays (illite-smectite) (Haliva-Cohen et al, 2012).…”

Section: 1) Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bed-parallel slip: Identifying missing displacement in mass transport deposits

Alsop

Weinberger

Marco

et al. 2020

Journal of Structural Geology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bed-parallel slip (BPS), where neighbouring beds slide past one another along bedding planes, is notoriously difficult to identify without reference to pre-existing features such as steep faults or dykes that act as markers to record BPS offset. While BPS is intuitively thought to operate during downslope sliding of mass transport deposits (MTDs) in sedimentary basins, there is a conspicuous lack of supporting outcrop or seismic data to corroborate this and BPS displacement may therefore have remained unaccounted for. This study addresses this gap in knowledge by investigating late-Pleistocene MTDs developed around the Dead Sea Basin and provides the first detailed analysis of BPS that pervades a gravity-driven setting. In particular, we examine the role of BPS that crosscuts earlier normal and reverse faults that act as markers to allow metre-scale patterns of horizontal displacement to be identified in MTDs. The studied BPS always forms with a consistent top-to-the east sense of offset that corresponds with gravity-driven downslope movement towards the depo-centre of the basin. BPS frequently develops adjacent to competent detrital-rich beds and forms discrete glide planes with little or no visible deformation in sediments on either margin, although detachment folds are occasionally developed above the slip plane and confirm directions of easterly movement. Early downslope-dipping normal faults that are cut by later BPS planes results in older over younger stratigraphic relationships across the BPS surface, together with 'sawtooth' patterns where multiple BPS planes have developed. Conversely, early upslope-dipping normal faults that are cut by BPS create younger over older stratigraphic relationships combined with missing section and 'staircase' patterns where multiple BPS planes exist. As BPS in subhorizontal sequences does not have a vertical component of displacement, it may be examined in terms of horizontal 'heave'. BPS increases heave in upslope-dipping normal faults, whereas it reduces heave in downslope-dipping normal faults and may even become negative where sections are repeated across sawtooth profiles. In addition, BPS increases heave in upslope-dipping reverse/thrust faults and reduces heave across downslope dipping 'backthrusts'. Although individual BPS planes may have limited displacement, the net consequence of multiple planes of BPS that form in the shallow-subsurface is to distort patterns and estimates of extension and contraction across fault zones in MTDs.

show abstract

Section: 1) Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bed-parallel slip: Identifying missing displacement in mass transport deposits

Alsop

Weinberger

Marco

et al. 2020

Journal of Structural Geology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The chemical conditions that affect the precipitation of aragonite are well-known by experimental research (e.g., [85]). The increase of Mg/Ca ratios can promote the precipitation of aragonite instead of other carbonate minerals [86][87][88]. Aragonite may precipitate from circulating solutions bearing suspended carbonates [89].…”

Section: Fluid Flow and Mineral Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mineral Processes and Deformation on the Petrophysical Properties of Soft Rocks during Active Faulting

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have studied damage zones of two active faults, Baza and Padul faults in Guadix-Baza and Granada basins, respectively, in South Spain. Mineral and microstructural characterization by X-ray diffraction and field emission electron microscopy studies have been combined with structural fieldwork and in situ measurements of rock properties (permeability and Young’s modulus) to find out the relation between deformation behavior, mineral processes, and changes in the soft rock and sediment properties produced by fluid flow during seismic cycles. Our results show that microsealing produced by precipitation of dolomite and aragonite along fractures in the damage zone of Baza Fault reduces the permeability and increases the Young’s modulus. In addition, deformation bands formed in sediments richer in detrital silicates involved cataclasis as deformation mechanism, which hamper permeability of the sediments. In the Granada Basin, the calcarenitic rocks rich in calcite and clays in the damage zone of faults associated to the Padul Fault are characterized by the presence of stylolites without any carbonate cement. On the other hand, marly lithofacies affected by faults are characterized by the presence of disaggregation bands that involve cracking and granular flow, as well as clay smear. The presence of stylolites and deformation bands in these rocks reduces permeability.

show abstract

“…the last glacial Lake Lisan and the Holocene Dead Sea, see review in Stein 2001) incorporated in their lattice 14 C from the lake's DIC (e.g., the pioneering work of W.S. Broecker in: Begin et al 1985; and later works by Stein et al 2000;Bookman et al 2007;Prasad et al 2009). The lake received its dissolved 14 C from various water types, hence, radiocarbon content in the CaCO 3 minerals that precipitated in the lake can be used as a monitor of its hydrological history, provided the age of the mineral is estimated independently (e.g., by U-Th dating, Haase- Schramm et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages in the Holocene Dead Sea

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sources and fate of radiocarbon (14C) in the Dead Sea hypersaline solution are evaluated with 14C measurements in organic debris and primary aragonite collected from exposures of the Holocene Ze’elim Formation. The reservoir age (RA) is defined as the difference between the radiocarbon age of the aragonite at time of its precipitation (representing lakeʼs dissolved inorganic carbon [DIC]) and the age of contemporaneous organic debris (representing atmospheric radiocarbon). Evaluation of the data for the past 6000 yr from Dead Sea sediments reveal that the lakeʼs RA decreased from 2890 yr at 6 cal kyr BP to 2300 yr at present. The RA lies at ~2400 yr during the past 3000 yr, when the lake was characterized by continuous deposition of primary aragonite, which implies a continuous supply of freshwater-bicarbonate into the lake. This process reflects the overall stability of the hydrological-climate conditions in the lakeʼs watershed during the late Holocene where bicarbonate originated from dissolution of the surface cover in the watershed that was transported to the Dead Sea by the freshwater runoff. An excellent correlation (R2=0.98) exists between aragonite ages and contemporaneous organic debris, allowing the estimation of ages of various primary deposits where organic debris are not available.

show abstract

Varve counting reveals high resolution radiocarbon reservoir age variations in palaeolake Lisan

Cited by 60 publications

References 25 publications

Bed-parallel slip: Identifying missing displacement in mass transport deposits

Bed-parallel slip: Identifying missing displacement in mass transport deposits

Effect of Mineral Processes and Deformation on the Petrophysical Properties of Soft Rocks during Active Faulting

Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages in the Holocene Dead Sea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About