2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.026
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Various soil amendments and environmental wastes affect the (im)mobilization and phytoavailability of potentially toxic elements in a sewage effluent irrigated sandy soil

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Cited by 115 publications
(36 citation statements)
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“…A soil contamination factor (Antoniadis et al, 2017b;Shaheen et al, 2017) was calculated in order to evaluate the potential of long-term accumulation of investigated metals by applying the selected rates of fertilizers. The contamination factor, CF, was determined by the following formula 1:…”
Section: Statistics and Calculationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A soil contamination factor (Antoniadis et al, 2017b;Shaheen et al, 2017) was calculated in order to evaluate the potential of long-term accumulation of investigated metals by applying the selected rates of fertilizers. The contamination factor, CF, was determined by the following formula 1:…”
Section: Statistics and Calculationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We have used these background reference concentrations due to the lack of local element background information and also to have a uniform scale for all elements studied, because some emerging contaminants such as Se, Sb, Sn, and Tl have no reported background value in sediments (Birch , 2017). The contamination level accroding to the CF value may be classified as follows: low degree (CF<1), moderate degree (1≤CF<3), considerable degree (3≤CF<6), and very high degree (CF≥ 6) (Luo et al, 2007;Shaheen et al 2017a;Ghosh et al, 2018).…”
Section: Contamination Factor (Cf)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, elements such as V, Cr, and Fe are reported to be closely associated and usually co-exist in sediments/soils(Edwards et al 1995;Aide 2005;Rinklebe et al, 2016;Shaheen and Rinklebe 2017).Also, the positive corelations between the elements (except for Hg) and sediment organic matter (r = 0.64 -0.82; P ≤ 0.05) point to the association of those elements with sediment organic carbon and their possible distribution in the organic fraction assuggested byShaheen and Rinklebe (2014) for Cu and Zn, and byShaheen et al (2017b) for As. Also,Shaheen et al (2017a) found that the total concentrations of Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn were higher in a soil rich in organic carbon than in an adjacent soil poor in organic carbon. Moreover,Zhou et al (2018) supported the crucial role of OM in the distribution…”
mentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Recently, remediation technologies for potential toxic element contamination in soil have been developed, such as chemical immobilization [15,16,17], water management [18,19,20], chemical washing [21,22], and bioremediation [23,24,25]. In situ chemical immobilization is an especially effective method to control the availability of potentially toxic elements [26,27].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%