Various Measures of the Effectiveness of Yellow Goggles

Kinney, JoAnn S; Schlichting, Christine L; Neri, David F.; Kindness, Scott W

doi:10.21236/ada093105

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…These results are consistent with the literature [3][4][5][6][7][16][17][18][19][20] . The use of the YELLOW filter would be more advisable, as it is capable of enhancing contrast with minimum disturbance of the user's chromatic vision.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The use of these filters by healthy subjects has been justified by an alleged increase of image contrast. This improvement may be attributed to a decrement of the chromatic aberration effects [11][12][13][14][15] , to a brightness increment 1,7,[16][17][18][19][20] , to scattering reduction 11,12,21 , or to a decrement of lenticular fluorescence [22][23][24] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, it is likely that macula lutea and eye-lens fluctuations are enough to compensate reasonably the chromatic aberration of the eye 13 . Even though most tinted filters significantly reduce stimulus luminance, brightness increments have been found, and probably such increments play a role in the feeling of improvement in vision quality reported by some subjects 1,7,[16][17][18][19][20] . According to Kinney 17 , the origin of this enhancement is the response increment of the opponent chromatic mechanisms due to the removal of the negative contribution of short-wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Contrast Sensitivity and Losses of Chromatic Discrimination with Tinted Lenses

Sáiz

Luque

Viqueira

2002

Optometry and Vision Science

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iii) Results. The results show that the green, brown and blue filters, do not cause significant changes in contrast sensitivity when compared with a grey filter of equal luminance, although chromatic discrimination is disturbed. Yellow and orange filters improve achromatic contrast at certain spatial frequencies, but impair chromatic discrimination. iv) Conclusions. Compared to grey filters of the same luminance, yellow filters may be useful when enhancement of low achromatic contrasts is desirable, although overall brightness decrements may occur. Nevertheless, these lenses cause tritanlike defects with discrimination losses increasing with the cut-off wavelength.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Contrast Sensitivity and Losses of Chromatic Discrimination with Tinted Lenses

Sáiz

Luque

Viqueira

2002

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…Both the military and the general public has persisted in its perception that viewing through such lenses will improve overall visual sensitivity, thereby enhancing visual performance. This impression was first noted within the scientific literature as early as 1915 (Luckiesh, 1915) having subsequently been investigated numerous times within the DoD (Allen, 1961;Dobbins and Kindick, 1965;Kislin et al, 1968;Whitman, 1973;Kinney et al, 1980;Kinney and Luria, 1983;Luria, Wong, and Rodriquez, 1983;Provines, et al, 1983;Dees and Lyle, 1989;Provines et al 1992;Thomas, 1994;Rabin and Wiley, 1996;Boff and Lincoln, 1998;Kodak, 1990;Schott Glass Technologies, Inc., 1998;Chung and Pease, 1999;Heikens, 1995;Rieger, 1992;Kuyk and Thomas, 1990;Aamisalo, 1988;Aamisalo, 1987;Kelly, Goldberg, and Banton, 1984;Corth, 1985;Yap, 1984;Bierman, 1952;Ross, 1950;Licina and Vosine, 1995;Richards, 1953;Richards, 1964;Davey and Seridan, 1953;Department of Defense, 1990), failing to demonstrate any broad benefit beyond that for one specific, limited condition.…”

Section: Issue #4mentioning

confidence: 91%

Combatant Eye Protection: An Introduction to the Blue Light Hazard

Lattimore¹

2015

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The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, Introduction -Combat spectacles have successfully provided protection from penetrating ocular injury for over 5 years; the primary obstacle to their successful performance had been getting Soldiers to actually wear the protective gear. As success stories emerged (via photographic evidence), compliance rates approached 100%. The risk of functional eye injury resulting from visible solar radiation has been less obvious. Moreover, the risk of functional ocular tissue injury from LED-generated radiant energy remains under scrutiny. All LEDs (i.e., those embedded within digital tactical display systems, flat panel instrument displays, computer monitors, and televisions) can possess major energy outputs across the blue spectrum, independent of their apparent white or observational color. Methods -This report is based on current data-extrapolation from prior work that had quantified alterations in rabbit corneal metabolic activity secondary to in-vivo UV exposures. [nm], 300 nm, 310 nm, and 360 nm), the exposures varied from 0.05 J/cm 2 to 0.25 J/cm 2 (in 0.05 J/cm 2 steps), based on the need to maintain environmental relevance. Micro-polarographic corneal oxygen uptake rates served as the in-vivo index of alteration in oxidative metabolic rate. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S)Results -A multi-factorial analysis of variance exhibited an overall significant between-groups effect by wavelength (p < 0.0001), as well as an interactive effect between wavelength and radiant energy dose (p < 0.005). Control eyes were stable. Extrapolation of the nonlinear trend lines out into visible wavelengths reached baseline near 447 nm.Discussion -Evidence of metabolic vulnerability to visible light extending well into the blue spectrum is vitally important, as this is indicative of a moving, scalable effect, with no traditional threshold delineating expectation of damage/no damage. Added stressors (e.g., increased altitude or contact lens wear) could shift the wavelength effects toward a more damaging clinical picture. Recent reports have indicated rod photo-pigment damage resulting from solar blue-light exposures, adversely affecting unaided night vision, a militarily important performance decrement.Conclusion -The incorporation of blue filters in conjunction with current protective eyewear represents one potentially proactive solution, but there are limits. A defined research program regarding establishment of human functional ocular parameter limits would be essential to overall safety. The activation wavelength for...

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“…Yellow goggles improved both the perception of depth of low contrast contours and the time required to respond to low contrast patterns. 1 In a subsequent field experiment, marines made judgments about depressions in the snow while wearing either yellow or transmittance-matched neutral goggles. In general they could see the depressions at greater distances and judged their depth more accurately with yellow goggles under low or flat lighting conditions, although not all the differences were statistically significant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%