Varieties of Protectionism

Monroe, Steve L.

doi:10.1093/oso/9780198799870.003.0010

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Fueled by increased competition, innovation, and international and domestic policy changes, a new class of entrepreneurs is entering the private sectors of the Global South (Amorós et al 2019). Many developing economies' private sectors, however, remain dominated by clientelism and favoritism, which limits the availability of these opportunities to those who can obtain these connections through family and kin (Dutta and Sobel 2016;Markus 2015;Monroe 2019;Malik, Atiyas, and Diwan 2020;Autio and Fu 2015;Urbano, Aparicio, and Audretsch 2019;Sun et al 2020;Ge, Carney, and Kellermanns 2019). In this paper, we test how much this type of access to political connections matters to decisions young Africans make about their careers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Political Nature of Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries: Experimental Evidence from Tunisia and Senegal

Kubinec,

Bhandari,

Jabateh

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Although our understanding of the important role of broken institutions in economic development has grown significantly, we still lack a strong understanding of the mechanisms by which exclusionary political-economic arrangements reproduce themselves over time. To better undrstand this problem, we conducted online and offline experiments about political connections and early-stage career choices in a national sample of college-educated young people in Tunisia and Senegal. We first administered surveys with embedded conjoint experiments to 1,110 young people to assess the determinants of entrepreneurial intention. Next, we recruited a randomized subsample of survey respondents to participate in entrepreneurship training sessions in Tunis and Dakar in which government officials offered advice to young entrepreneurs. The survey results reveal that young people are uncertain whether connections will affect their career prospects, yet rate connections to political parties as the most valuable attribute a prospective entrepreneur could possess. Randomized training sessions increased entrepreneurs' intention to create businesses, with 10-17% of this effect mediated by an exogenous increase in political connections. By demonstrating the powerful impact of political connections on desires to enter the business world, these results suggest that entrepreneurship promotion efforts will be of limited value without providing access to relevant policymakers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Political Nature of Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries: Experimental Evidence from Tunisia and Senegal

Kubinec,

Bhandari,

Jabateh

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Political tie diversity and inclusion at work in Asia: a critical view and a roadmap

Özbilgin,

Erbil,

Gündoğdu

2024

Asian Bus Manage

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Diversity and inclusion scholarship addresses inequality at work across categories of difference marked with historical disadvantages such as gender, ethnicity, disability, sexual orientation, and class or categories meaningful for the industrial, organisational or local settings. This scholarship has not considered political ties to be a diversity strand. However, political ties are a considerable source of uneven power relations, unearned privileges, and unjust discrimination in many contexts. Similarly, political ties could be sources of disadvantage, exclusion and discrimination for individuals with weak, absent or oppositional political affiliations. Our paper focuses on the Asian context, where political ties are often a legitimate human and institutional resource that can shape individual choices and chances at work. By defining political ties as a diversity and inclusion strand, we critique the legitimacy of political ties as a dominant and desirable resource and present political tie discrimination as a wicked social problem that entrenches uneven relations of power and authority in workplaces. Highlighting how political affiliation manifests across different national contexts in Asia, we explore the utility of adding political ties to the Asian vernacular to regulate workplace diversity and inclusion. Asia provides an interesting context in which the interplay between political affiliation and workplace relations is often culturally endorsed, remains unregulated and unscrutinised through ethical and anti-discrimination regulations. Thus, Asia provides an ideal setting to explore the emergence of political tie diversity and inclusion at work. We illustrate this through country-specific examples, illustrating the cross-national varieties of political tie diversity in the Asian business context. We also suggest a roadmap to manage political tie diversity and inclusion for this context.

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Varieties of Protectionism

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

The Political Nature of Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries: Experimental Evidence from Tunisia and Senegal

The Political Nature of Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries: Experimental Evidence from Tunisia and Senegal

Political tie diversity and inclusion at work in Asia: a critical view and a roadmap

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