Varieties of export-oriented entrepreneurship in Asia

Abstract

This paper explores differences in the proportion of export-oriented earlystage entrepreneurial activity in 12 Asian countries. Drawing on varieties of capitalism theory, we find that Asian countries with high quality institutions are more likely to have higher proportions of young export-oriented firms. However, analysis on a 51 country data set indicates that Asian countries have significantly fewer young export-oriented firms than do non-Asian countries. Furthermore, the multi-country study reveals that countries with higher proportions of export-oriented entrepreneurial activity tend to have flexible industrial relations, high quality vocational training, and confrontational labor-employer relations, however the proportion of export-oriented new ventures is not related to the quality of corporate governance and inter-firm relations.Asia Pac J Manag (2009) 26:537-561 DOI 10.1007 Siri Terjesen and Jolanda Hessels contributed equally.We appreciate developmental feedback from the three special issue editors, two anonymous reviewers, and participants at the APJM Varieties of Capitalism conference and the Queensland University of Technology Entrepreneurship bootcamp. This research was financed by a

Drivers of export entrepreneurship

“…Thus, the institutional quality and the implementation of governmental policies in the domestic area which encourage exports stimulate EE. This can be especially relevant in developing countries (Ibeh & Young, 2001;Terjesen & Hessels, 2009). Regarding the country of destination, the economic growth level, the scarcity of entrance barriers and the geographical and cultural nearness -which act as inhibitors of the distances perceived by the export managers -are factors which stimulate EE (Hessels & van Stel, 2011).…”

A behavioral theory of governments’ ability to make credible commitments to firms: The case of the East Asian paradox

“…Creating educational infrastructure and tying upward social mobility to educational achievement implicitly signals a commitment to market systems that would be difficult to revoke and has been seen as a key aspect of East Asian success (Redding, 2002;Rodrik et al, 1995;Terjesen & Hessels, 2009). Investment in education is a costly venture, and loses much of its value unless the human capital developed in such systems is put into a market environment where competition places a premium on efficiency, innovation, and entrepreneurship (Green, 1999;Redding, 1990).…”

Differences between odd number and even number response formats: Evidence from mainland Chinese respondents

“…All the papers published in the six most recent and online issues of the (Wongtada & Rice, 2008), and the other study involved samples from ten Asian countries including China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Turkey (Terjesen & Hessels, 2009).…”