Varied role of the gut epithelium in mucosal homeostasis

McCole, Declan F.; Barrett, Kim E.

doi:10.1097/mog.0b013e3282f0153b

Cited by 57 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The epithelium normally functions to provide a selective barrier to luminal contents and to provide vectoral ion transport, the basis of water movement across the epithelium (40). We demonstrate here that luminal ATP provides a strong driving force for water movement into the mucosal lumen.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 79%

PMNs facilitate translocation of platelets across human and mouse epithelium and together alter fluid homeostasis via epithelial cell–expressed ecto-NTPDases

Weissmüller¹,

Campbell²,

Rosenberger³

et al. 2008

J. Clin. Invest.

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Mucosal diseases are often characterized by an inflammatory infiltrate that includes polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), monocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets. A number of studies have suggested that the interaction of platelets with leukocytes has an essential proinflammatory role. Here, we examined whether platelets migrate across mucosal epithelium, as PMNs are known to do, and whether platelets influence epithelial cell function. Initial studies revealed that human platelets did not efficiently transmigrate across human epithelial cell monolayers. However, in the presence of human PMNs, platelet movement across the epithelium was proportional to the extent of PMN transmigration, and strategies that blocked PMN transmigration diminished platelet movement. Furthermore, platelet-PMN comigration was observed in intestinal tissue derived from human patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The translocated platelets were found to release large quantities of ATP, which was metabolized to adenosine via a 2-step enzymatic reaction mediated by ectonucleotidases, including CD73 and ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (ecto-NTPDases), expressed on the apical membrane of the intestinal epithelial cells. In vitro studies and a mouse model of intestinal inflammation were employed to define a mechanism involving adenosine-mediated induction of electrogenic chloride secretion, with concomitant water movement into the intestinal lumen. These studies demonstrate that ecto-NTPDases are expressed on the apical membrane of epithelial cells and are involved in what we believe to be a previously unappreciated function for platelets in the inflamed intestine, which might promote bacterial clearance under inflammatory conditions.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 79%

PMNs facilitate translocation of platelets across human and mouse epithelium and together alter fluid homeostasis via epithelial cell–expressed ecto-NTPDases

Weissmüller¹,

Campbell²,

Rosenberger³

et al. 2008

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…The far-more-numerous columnar epithelial cells can also take up antigen, albeit much less efficiently than M cells (Kyd and Cripps, 2008). This somewhat poorly described transport process facilitates DC exposure (and perhaps T cell exposure) to antigen in the many areas of the mucosa where M cells do not exist (McCole and Barrett, 2007). Another uptake mechanism only recently established is one that is mediated by the fetal Fc receptor, or FcRn, a Fc receptor once considered to be expressed only in fetal or neonatal tissues but now known to be expressed in adult animals as well .…”

Section: Antigen Sampling By Mucosal Dendritic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Multifaceted Influence of the Mucosal Microflora on Mucosal Dendritic Cell Responses

Strober

2009

Immunity

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Over the last decade, it has become apparent that the complex interactions between components of the mucosal microflora and the mucosal immune system can involve either direct contact with dendritic cells in the lamina propria or, alternatively, contact with epithelial cells lining the mucosa that then influence the function of dendritic cells. Although in some cases these interactions involve signaling specific to particular organisms and in others, to classes of organisms, a common theme is that signaling is invariably channeled through receptors that address many organisms or all organisms such as the pattern-recognition receptors TLR and NLR. Here, I review this information with the intention of identifying how the mucosal microflora influences specific functions of the mucosal immune system such the production of particular cytokines as well as broader functions such as the maintenance of mucosal immune homeostasis and host defense.

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“…9 In this study, we sought to determine whether the activation of intestinal epithelial chloride channels might influenced bacterial translocation in vitro and the composition of the commensal microbiota inhabiting the murine GI tract in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated fluid transport regulates bacterial-epithelial interactions and significantly shifts the murine colonic microbiome

et al. 2012

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Varied role of the gut epithelium in mucosal homeostasis

Cited by 57 publications

References 52 publications

PMNs facilitate translocation of platelets across human and mouse epithelium and together alter fluid homeostasis via epithelial cell–expressed ecto-NTPDases

PMNs facilitate translocation of platelets across human and mouse epithelium and together alter fluid homeostasis via epithelial cell–expressed ecto-NTPDases

The Multifaceted Influence of the Mucosal Microflora on Mucosal Dendritic Cell Responses

Activated fluid transport regulates bacterial-epithelial interactions and significantly shifts the murine colonic microbiome

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