Varicella-zoster virus DNA in CSF and arteries in delayed contralateral hemiplegia

Melanson, Michel; Chalk, Colin; Georgevich, L.; Fett, K.; Lapierre, Yves; Duong, Huy; Richardson, John R.; Marineau, C.; Rouleau, G.A.

doi:10.1212/wnl.47.2.569

Cited by 71 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…31 In adults with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) and delayed cerebral infarction, VZ virus is present within the media of the affected large cerebral arteries. 28,[32][33][34] The distribution of vascular lesions in varicella-associated AIS in large cerebral arteries is similar and matches the anatomic location and density of trigeminal innervation at the circle of Willis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Chickenpox and Stroke in Childhood

Askalan

Laughlin

Mayank

et al. 2001

Stroke

310

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Background and Purpose-The purpose of this study was to determine whether infection with varicella is causal for arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children. Methods-First, a prospective cohort study was conducted in young children (aged 6 months to 10 years) with AIS at 2 institutions (cohort study). The presence of varicella infection Ͻ12 months before AIS was determined and compared with the published frequency of varicella infection in the healthy pediatric population. The clinical and radiographic features of AIS were compared between the varicella and nonvaricella study cohorts. Second, a literature search of varicella-associated AIS was conducted, and the clinical and radiographic features were compared with the study nonvaricella cohort. Results-In the cohort study, 22 (31%) of 70 consecutive children with AIS had a varicella infection in the preceding year compared with 9% in the healthy population. Children in the varicella cohort were more likely to have basal ganglia infarcts (PϽ0.001), abnormal cerebral vascular imaging (PϽ0.05), and recurrent AIS or transient ischemic attacks (PϽ0.05) than those in the nonvaricella cohort. The pooled literature analysis of 51 cases of varicella-associated AIS showed similar findings to the varicella cohort. Conclusion-In young children with AIS, there is a 3-fold increase in preceding varicella infection compared with published population rates, and varicella-associated AIS accounts for nearly one third of childhood AIS. Varicellaassociated AIS has characteristic features, including a 2-fold increase in recurrent AIS and transient ischemic attacks. Varicella is an important risk factor for childhood AIS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Chickenpox and Stroke in Childhood

Askalan

Laughlin

Mayank

et al. 2001

Stroke

310

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“…Arterial wall irregularities might be caused by encroachment and infiltration of inflammatory subarachnoid exudate [17] as in our patients with acute bacterial meningitis. A direct invasion of the vessel walls by microorganisms leading to inflammation is also a possible mechanism [24,25]. In our patients with VZV vasculopathy, a direct enhancement of the arterial wall was detected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Infectious Vasculopathy of Intracranial Large- and Medium-Sized Vessels in Neurological Intensive Care Unit: A Clinico-Radiological Study

et al. 2010

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“…Signs of vessel wall infection in the brain, such as VZV DNA and antigen in affected vessels [90,91], Cowdry A inclusion bodies (specific to the herpesvirus) and multinucleated giant cells [92,93,70], have been reported. In addition, in a study of virus-infected arteries, the presence of VZV was primarily located in the adventitia in early infection and later in the media and intima, supporting the suggestion of transaxonal spread after reactivation [94].…”

Section: Neuropathologymentioning

confidence: 99%