Variations of Lactose and Oligosaccharides in Milk from Women of Blood Types Secretor A or H, Secretor Lewis, and Secretor H/Nonsecretor Lewis during the Course of Lactation

Abstract

Variations of lactose and oligosaccharides in human milk were studied over a 3-month lactation period by dialysis, chromatography on Bio-gel P-2 column, paper chroma-tography, colorimetric analysis and gas chromatography. Milk samples were collected from donors of various blood and secretor types. An increase in the concentration of lactose was noted: 59.25 ± 1.61 to 72.17 ± 1.35 g/l for the group of secretor A secretor Le^aLe^b individuals, and from 62.25 ± 1.35 to 73.15 ± 3.45 g/l for the group of secretor H secretor Le^a Le^b individuals. A decrease in the concentration of oligosaccharides was also found: from 16.71 ± 0.99 to 7.90 ± 1.29 g/l and from 18.51 ± 0.74 to 7.33 ± 0.65 g/l, respectively, for these same groups. In secretor H nonsecretor Lewis individuals, the concentration of lactose increased from 67.97 ± 3.09 to 77.42 ± 1.88 g/l, and the concentration of oligosaccharides decreased from 13.27 ± 0.40 to 3.47 ± 0.33 g/l. Analysis of oligosaccharide composition by chromatography showed that variations are in relation to the secretor Lewis type. All oligosaccharides decreased equally throughout the lactation period, regardless of the blood group. The decrease was more rapid, however, in the nonsecretor Lewis individuals. In these individuals, the absence of certain oligosaccharides is not compensated by an overproduction of the other oligosaccharides present or by biosynthesis of structurally different oligosaccharides. The origin of these oligosaccharides is discussed.

Diurnal Variations and within the Feed in Lactose and Oligosaccharides of Human Milk

“…The only difference concerned the composition of peaks P2 and P3 of the nonsecretor Lewis subjects, which were characterized by the absence of oligosaccharides specific for the Lewis system. This agrees with our previous results [15]. Fig.…”

“…Table I shows the mean proportional and molar composition of the 3 oligosaccharide peaks for each subject in terms of fucosc, galactose, glucose, N-acetylglucosaminc and N-acetylneuraminic acid. These results con firm the qualitative analysis and our previous results [15]. …”

“…The preparation of the carbohydrate fraction by dialysis, the isolation of the 3 oligosaccharide peaks and lactose on a Bio-gel P-2 column, followed by a purity check by paper chromatography and a determi nation of their proportional and molar monosacchar ide composition, were performed using methods de scribed previously [15].…”

“…[11] con cerning immunoglobulins and lysozyme and Keenan et al [12], Vaughan et al [13] con cerning minerals and recently Neville et al [14] concerning the major osmotically active constituents. Carbohydrates have not been studied as extensively, and results concerning lactose arc limited to those obtained during a study of variations in several milk constitu ents [9,14], For this reason, we carried out an initial series of studies concerning the varia tions in lactose and oligosaccharides in hu man milk during the course of lactation, tak ing into account the secretor types A, B, H and Lewis of the donors [15].…”

Human Milk Oligosaccharides Inhibit the Adhesion to Caco-2 Cells of Diarrheal Pathogens: Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, and Salmonella fyris

“…Each single oligosaccharide varies dynamically during the different phases of lactation (9). From the quantitative point of view, oligosaccharides, all together, represent the third component of human milk, besides lactose and lipids (10,11).…”