Variations of Incidence, Types of Virus Diseases and Insect Vector Populations of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), Grown in Different Agroecological Regions of Sri Lanka under Two Crop Management Systems

Prasannath, K.; Dharmadasa, K. N. P.; Costa, D. M. De; Hemachandra, K. S.

doi:10.4038/tar.v25i3.8046

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As shown in Figures 2 and 3, during Season 1, statistical significance was not observed for green leaf area index and total dry weight at both growth stages under the two crop management systems. However, the adaptation package significantly (p<0.05) improved leaf area index and total dry weight over the existing practice during Season 2 as mulching, IPM and SSFM enhanced the growth of potato when farmers increasingly adapted the package (Kumar and Lal, 2012;Chathurika et al, 2014 andPrasannath et al, 2014).…”

Section: Meteorological Observations During the Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the objective of the present work was to test a package of climate change-adaptive and eco-friendly practices for potato which comprised of mulching for soil moisture conservation, integrated pest management (IPM) for environment-friendly crop protection and site-specific fertilizer management (SSFM) for efficient crop-soil nutrient management in the farmer fields of Jaffna District to study its performances on growth, yield, economy and environmental friendliness in comparison to the existing farmers' practice. This package was formulated for upland cropping systems through a comprehensive multi-locational onstation field study (Abhayapala et al, 2014;Chathurika et al, 2014;Malaviarachchi et al, 2014 andPrasannath et al, 2014) for five candidate upland crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a climate change-adaptive, eco-friendly agronomic package for potato (<em>Solanum tuberosum</em> L.) cultivation in the farmer fields of the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka

Eeswaran¹,

Costa²,

Costa³

et al. 2016

Trop. Agric. Res.

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Potato is one of the key annual upland cash crops cultivated in the Jaffna District of Sri Lanka. However, potato farmers are challenged by climate extremes, increasing pest/disease loads and excessive use of agro-chemicals all of which are expected to increase in the future. To address these critical issues, a package of climate changeadaptive and eco-friendly agronomic practices that included mulching to conserve soil moisture, integrated pest management for crop protection and site-specific fertilizer management for efficient crop-soil nutrient management (adaptation package) was formulated and tested on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crops in seven farmer fields in Jaffna. The experiment was conducted in the major rainy season (Maha) of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 and consisted of two treatments as Adaptation package (T 1) and Existing practice (T 2), which is the current farmers' practices characterized with heavy reliance on chemical control of pests and diseases and application of inorganic fertilizers subsequent to decisions of farmer. The results revealed significant (p<0.05) benefits of the above climate changeadaptive, eco-friendly agronomic package in terms of growth, yield, economic profit and environmental health of potato cultivation. Benefits of the adaptation package were greater in the drier and warmer 2014/15 Maha season, thus demonstrating its climate resilience. Therefore, the tested adaptation package can be recommended for adoption by the farmers to improve the yield of potato while promoting lower water and agro-chemical use thereby having increased resilience to climate change and improved environmental sustainability especially in the dry regions where potato is cultivated.

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Section: Meteorological Observations During the Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a climate change-adaptive, eco-friendly agronomic package for potato (<em>Solanum tuberosum</em> L.) cultivation in the farmer fields of the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka

Eeswaran¹,

Costa²,

Costa³

et al. 2016

Trop. Agric. Res.

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“…POX is a component of an early response in plants to pathogen infection and plays a key role in the biosynthesis of lignin, which limits the extent of pathogen spread (Vidhyasekaran 2008). When POX level increases due to the induced systemic resistance, a quick synthesis of reactive oxygen derivatives by oxidative burst leads to cell death and inhibits pathogenic activities that were observed (Prasannath et al 2014). Therefore, improvement of POX level on 12th day after pathogen inoculation in tomato plant leaves is considered to be the marker for the development of disease resistance against R. solanacearum.…”

Section: Biochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of biological efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum against tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Konappa

Krishnamurthy

Siddaiah

et al. 2018

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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Bacterial wilt, caused by soilborne bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, is one of the most severe diseases of tomato worldwide, and no successful control measures are available to date. In the present study, a sustainable alternative tool such as use of fungi from tomato rhizosphere is being utilized to combat the pathogen attack. The application of Trichoderma asperellum (T4 and T8) isolates delayed wilt development, effectively decreased the disease incidence, increased fruit yield, and improved plant growth promotion under field conditions. The T. asperellum treatment decreased the disease incidence by 51.06% (RS + T4) and 52.75% (RS + T8) in Bhoomishettihalli (BH) and 47.21% (RS + T4) and 46.83% (RS + T8) in Madanahalli (MH) plots, respectively when compared with the pathogen-treated plot in year 2014. Correspondent decreases in year 2015 were 50.69% (RS + T4) and 52.38% (RS + T8) in BH and 48.18% (RS + T4) and 49.22% (RS + T8) in MH plots. In year 2014, T. asperellum (T4 and T8) treatment enhanced the yield with 5.45 t/ ha and 5.50 t/ha in BH plot and 6.66 t/ha and 6.93 t/ha in MH plot, respectively, when compared with infected plots. In year 2015, T. asperellum (T4 and T8) treatment enhanced the yield with 5.29 t/ha and 5.51 t/ha in BH plot and 5.82 t/ha and 5.66 t/ha in MH plot, respectively, when compared with infected plots. The disease control and yield enhancement were highest at T8, followed by T4. Increase in the level of peroxidase (POX), phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), β-1,3-glucanase and total phenol activities at 12th, 10th, 14th, 12th, and 10th days, respectively, after pathogen inoculation was observed. This indicates the induction of plant resistance mechanism by T. asperellum against R. solanacearum in tomato plants under field conditions.

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“…In addition, Tobacco mosaic virus , Cucumber mosaic virus and a strain of Potato virus Y have been reported to cause virus diseases in chilli 3 . Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (a begomovirus) and Tomato spotted wilt virus (a tospovirus) have been reported as common viral infections of tomato 4 . A disease with symptoms similar to viral infections has been reported in chilli growing areas of Sri Lanka from early 1980 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of management practices, awareness on safe use of pesticides and perception on integrated management of pests and diseases of chilli and tomato grown by small‐scale farmers in selected districts of Sri Lanka

Costa

Weerathunga

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND In this study, we surveyed through a structured and pilot‐tested questionnaire, the practices of pesticide usage by small‐scale (< 1.25 ha) chilli and tomato farmers from four districts of Sri Lanka and their perceptions on the effectiveness of pesticides and willingness to adopt integrated pest management (IPM). RESULTS We found significant (P < 0.05) variation among districts in farmer responses to 37 out of 59 survey questions. A majority of farmers were dependent on pesticides with only a minority practicing IPM. A majority perceived that their current pesticide usage was increasing, but was not excessive. A majority were aware of the negative impacts of pesticides on human health and environment. Farmer perception on the effectiveness of pesticides increased with age, but was not influenced by education level. Farmers having a higher opinion of pesticides made a greater number of applications during a cropping cycle. They also maintained a longer preharvest interval and did not use pesticide mixtures. A majority expressed willingness to initiate IPM, but identified lack of knowledge and technical knowhow on specific IPM practices for their crops as barriers to adoption and requested external support. Farmer willingness to adopt IPM is higher among older, more educated farmers and among full‐time farmers who are currently totally‐dependent on pesticides and whose major income source was farming. CONCLUSION We conclude that a significant extension effort in terms of farmer education on IPM and external assistance to develop the technological knowhow, which is tailor‐made to specific districts, is needed to facilitate adoption of IPM among these farmers.

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Variations of Incidence, Types of Virus Diseases and Insect Vector Populations of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), Grown in Different Agroecological Regions of Sri Lanka under Two Crop Management Systems

Abstract: Incidence and types of insect-transmitted virus diseases of plants vary with the

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of a climate change-adaptive, eco-friendly agronomic package for potato (<em>Solanum tuberosum</em> L.) cultivation in the farmer fields of the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka

Evaluation of a climate change-adaptive, eco-friendly agronomic package for potato (<em>Solanum tuberosum</em> L.) cultivation in the farmer fields of the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka

Evaluation of biological efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum against tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Assessment of management practices, awareness on safe use of pesticides and perception on integrated management of pests and diseases of chilli and tomato grown by small‐scale farmers in selected districts of Sri Lanka

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