Variations of Blood Eosinophils and Eosinophil Cationic Protein in Serum in Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Dahl, Ronald; Venge, Per; Olsson, Inge

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1978.tb01536.x

Cited by 133 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This suggests recruitment from the bone marrow or increased survival of eosinophils in the circulation. In human asthmatics, a blood eosinopenia could be seen, with a minimum eosinophil count at about 4 h after allergen challenge [22]. After about 6-8 h the eosinophil count is back to basal levels, and at 24 h there is a prominent eosinophilia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Allergen-induced late-phase airways obstruction in the pig: mediator release and eosinophil recruitment

Fornhem

Kumlin²,

Jm³

et al. 1995

Eur Respir J

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A Al ll le er rg ge en n--i in nd du uc ce ed d l la at te e--p ph ha as se e a ai ir rw wa ay ys s o ob bs st tr ru uc ct ti io on n i in n t th he e p pi ig g: : m me ed di ia at to or r r re el le ea as se e a an nd d e eo os si in no op ph hi il l r re ec cr ru ui it tm me en nt t ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to develop a novel model for studies of mediator mechanisms involved in the late asthmatic reaction in the lower airways, by using the sensitized pig. The release of histamine and cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes (cys-LTs), as well as the levels of inflammatory cells in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, were determined and their relationship to plasma cortisol levels and pulmonary airways obstruction was noted. Specific-pathogen free pigs were actively sensitized with Ascaris suum allergen, and one group of animals was treated with a cortisol-synthesis inhibitor (metyrapone) by constant intravenous infusion. Ascaris suum allergen was nebulized into the lower airways and total lung resistance, blood leucocyte count and urinary levels of methylhistamine and leukotriene E 4 (LTE 4 ) were followed for 8 h, whereafter bronchoalveolar lavage was performed for analysis of leucocytes.An increase in urinary methylhistamine and LTE 4 was seen during the acute allergic reaction in both groups of pigs. Metyrapone treatment prolonged the acute release of histamine, and this was seen together with a prolonged acute bronchoconstrictor response. In metyrapone-treated pigs, a continuous release over 8 h was seen for cys-LTs, but not for histamine. A late blood eosinophilia was also seen in metyrapone-treated animals, starting 4-6 h after allergen challenge. Late cys-LT release and eosinophilia were absent in non-metyrapone-treated animals.These results suggest that allergen-induced late release of cys-LTs as well as blood eosinophilia occur simultaneously with late-phase airways obstruction in the pig, and that all these reactions are prevented by high levels of endogenous cortisol. Eur Respir J., 1995Respir J., , 8, 1100Respir J., -1109 The association between increased numbers of eosinophils in the lung and human bronchial asthma was shown by ELLIS [1] in 1908, and is today well-established. However, the exact mechanism of action of eosinophils and the relevance of the eosinophilia sometimes seen in asthma are not yet fully understood. We wanted to establish a large animal model for studies of the initiation of allergic inflammation in the airways, and the pig has been found to be suitable for such studies [2][3][4].The mast cell plays a pivotal role in the acute asthmatic response, in that it releases mediators, such as histamine and cysteinyl-containing leukotrienes (cys-LTs) [5]. Measurements of free levels of histamine and cysLTs in plasma may be difficult, due to uncontrolled release from blood leucocytes. Therefore, the relatively stable urinary end-metabolites methylhistamine [6] and leukotriene E 4 (LTE 4 ) [7], respectively, were measured in this study. The possible involvement of cys-LTs in t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Allergen-induced late-phase airways obstruction in the pig: mediator release and eosinophil recruitment

Fornhem

Kumlin²,

Jm³

et al. 1995

Eur Respir J

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“…However, only recently has the contribution of the eosinophil to the pathology of asthma been emphasised (Dahl & Venge, 1982;Frigas & Gleich, 1986). Toxic proteins derived from eosinophils have been demonstrated in sputum (Frigas et al, 1981), BAL (De Monchy et al, 1985) and blood (Dahl et al, 1978) from asthma patients. Additionally, it is likely that lipid mediators such as peptidoleukotrienes (Verhagen et al, 1984) and PAF (Lee et al, 1984) may, in large part, be generated by eosinophils.…”

Section: Introduction Antiseramentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophil accumulation in pulmonary airways of guinea‐pigs induced by exposure to an aerosol of platelet‐activating factor: effect of anti‐asthma drugs

Sanjar

Aoki

Boubekeur

et al. 1990

British J Pharmacology

101

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Exposure of guinea‐pigs to aerosols of platelet activating factor (PAF) (0.01 to 100 μg ml−1) induced a dose‐dependent increased incidence of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) at 48 h. Total leucocyte numbers and the percentages of lymphocytes and neutrophils were unchanged in BAL fluid. Increased numbers of eosinophils were detected in BAL 1 h after exposure to PAF but eosinophilia was not maximal until 48 h. One week after exposure to PAF, the percentage of eosinophils in BAL was within the normal range. Depletion of circulating platelets or neutrophils by intravenous injection of specific antisera did not modify accumulation of eosinophils in the airway lumen following inhalation of PAF (10 μg ml−1). PAF‐induced pulmonary airway eosinophil accumulation was inhibited by treatment with SDZ 64–412, a selective PAF‐antagonist, whether the compound was administered before, or 30 min after, inhalation of PAF. Pulmonary airway eosinophil accumulation due to inhaled PAF (10 μg ml−1) was inhibited by prior treatment with aminophylline, cromoglycate, ketotifen, dexamethasone and AH 21–132. Pulmonary airway eosinophil accumulation due to inhaled PAF (10 μg ml−1) was not inhibited by prior treatment with indomethacin, salbutamol or mepyramine.

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“…Eosinophils have been found to release eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in allergic diseases (9). Stimulation ofeosinophils with human IgG-or human secretory IgA (hsIgA)-coated Sepharose 4B beads (10) induces the release of proteins, such as eosinophil-derived neurotoxin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophil Viability-Enhancing Activity in Mite-Sensitive Bronchial Asthma.

1994

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Variations of Blood Eosinophils and Eosinophil Cationic Protein in Serum in Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Cited by 133 publications

References 8 publications

Allergen-induced late-phase airways obstruction in the pig: mediator release and eosinophil recruitment

Allergen-induced late-phase airways obstruction in the pig: mediator release and eosinophil recruitment

Eosinophil accumulation in pulmonary airways of guinea‐pigs induced by exposure to an aerosol of platelet‐activating factor: effect of anti‐asthma drugs

Eosinophil Viability-Enhancing Activity in Mite-Sensitive Bronchial Asthma.

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