Variations in the response of five strains of mice to Leishmania mexicana

Pérez, H.; Labrador, Fanny; Torrealba, J. W.

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(79)90062-6

Cited by 71 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…In the mouse, resistance to the infection by L. mexicana was shown to be inherited as a dominant character (Pérez et al 1979) and polymorphic genetic markers have been linked to the susceptibility to leishmaniasis (Blackwell 1988). Some of these markers are also related to the susceptibility to other infections (Roberts et al 1990).…”

Section: Why Persistent Infections?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these markers are also related to the susceptibility to other infections (Roberts et al 1990). An interesting aspect of these studies is the differential correlation of the genetic markers with different Leishmania species (Pérez et al 1979, Akuffo et al 1987) a fact that emphasizes the importance of the parasite's genetic makeup in the course of the infection. Because there is no appropriate animal model to study L. braziliensis infections, similar studies with this parasite are lacking.…”

Section: Why Persistent Infections?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistent Infections by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis

Ramı́rez¹,

Guevara²

1997

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Here we review the phenomenon of persistency in Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis infections. In other Leishmania species where appropriate animal models exist, considerable advances in the understanding of basic immunologic mechanisms of persistency have been made; for a review see Aebisher (1994). On the contrary, the evidences of persistence in infections with L. braziliensis rest on studies of human clinical cases many of which we summarized and discussed in this work.

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Section: Why Persistent Infections?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Why Persistent Infections?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Infections by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis

Ramı́rez¹,

Guevara²

1997

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…When the five different strains of mice were infected with L. mexicana, different responses were observed including the appearance of metastatic lesions in the tail of BALB/C mice (Perez et al, 1979) . Recently, L. amazonensis, well known as a causative agent of human cutaneous leishmaniasis, was isolated from the bone marrow of a Brazilian patient with visceral leishmaniasis (Barral et al, 1986) .…”

Section: Electron Microscopic Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological observations of golden hamsters infected with an Ecuadorian isolate of Leishmania mexicana.

Bhutto

Nonaka

Gómez

et al. 1992

Jap. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.

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“…American Leishmania isolates were grown at 28°C in a semidefined fetal calf serumcontaining medium (3). L. mexicana isolates (AMP, AZV, and LR isolates) were obtained from W. Torrealba, Valencia, Venezuela (13,14), and J. Convit, Caracas, Venezuela. L. mexicana pifanoi (MP isolate) and amazonensis (M1132; MA isolate) subspecies were supplied by R. Lainson, Belem, Brasil (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of 4-aminopyrazolopyrimidine, its 2'-deoxyriboside derivative, and allopurinol on in vitro growth of American Leishmania species

Avila¹,

Casanova²

1982

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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When assayed on promastigotes of 10 American Leishmania isolates (including Leishmania brasiliensis and mexicana species), 4-aminopyrazolopyrimidine (APP) was severalfold more active than allopurinol as a leishmanistatic drug. There were some intraspecific and interspecific differences among the isolates in their susceptibility to the inhibitory effects of APP and allopurinol. APP-2'-deoxyriboside did not affect the 10 isolates tested. This was surprising, because allopurinol riboside has previously been shown to be more active than allopurinol.In all of the American Leishmania isolates tested, the metabolism of [14C]6-APP resulted in a high level of HPP-ribose-5'-P and lower levels of APP-ribose-5'-P, APP-ribose-5'-PP, and APP-ribose-5'-PPP. MP, LR, LBY, and JAP isolates strongly converted APP into APP derivatives, thus perhaps explaining their greater susceptibility to the inhibitory effects of APP. With the 10 American Leishmania isolates tested, several purines reversed the inhibitory effects of allopurinol, but only adenine countered the inhibitory effects of APP. This suggests biochemical differences in the mechanisms of action of allopurinol and APP. Finally, and contrary to previous claims, the reversal by purines of the allopurinol-induced growth inhibition was not a Leishmania species-specific effect.In South and Central America, cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis are caused by Leishmania mexicana or Leishmania brasiliensis infection (6). Since the two pyrazolopyrimidines allopurinol (4-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-dJpyrimidine; HPP) and allopurinol riboside (HPPR) have been shown to be effective in vitro against both American Leishmania species (11,15), the effects of 4-aminopyrazolopyrimidine (APP) and APP-2'-deoxyriboside on these species were studied. We have already shown that Trypanosoma cruzi (1) and Trypanosoma rangeli (2) are susceptible to these agents.This study compares the antileishmanial activity of APP, APP-2'-deoxyriboside, and HPP on promastigotes of 10 American Leishmania isolates, reversal of the activities of APP and HPP by different purines and pyrimidines, and the metabolism of [14C]APP for each isolate.MATERIALS AND METHODS Culture methods. American Leishmania isolates were grown at 28°C in a semidefined fetal calf serumcontaining medium (3). L. mexicana isolates (AMP, AZV, and LR isolates) were obtained from W. Torrealba, Valencia, Venezuela (13,14), and J. Convit, Caracas, Venezuela. L. mexicana pifanoi (MP isolate) and amazonensis (M1132; MA isolate) subspecies were supplied by R. Lainson, Belem, Brasil (4). L. brasiliensis (NR isolate) was obtained from J. Convit (5). L. brasiliensis guyanensis (H1; BG isolate) and yaracuyensis (LBY isolate) subspecies were supplied by R. Lainson (4) and F. Pifano, Caracas, Venezuela, respectively. L. garnhami (JAP and HM isolates) were obtained from J. V. Scorza, Merida, Venezuela (18). Promastigotes were cultured in 30-ml plastic tissue culture flasks (Fisher Scientific Co., Springfield, N.J.), using an inoculum of 0.5 x 106 parasites p...

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Variations in the response of five strains of mice to Leishmania mexicana

Cited by 71 publications

References 8 publications

Persistent Infections by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis

Persistent Infections by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis

Histopathological observations of golden hamsters infected with an Ecuadorian isolate of Leishmania mexicana.

Comparative effects of 4-aminopyrazolopyrimidine, its 2'-deoxyriboside derivative, and allopurinol on in vitro growth of American Leishmania species

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