Variations in the origins of the thyroid arteries on CT angiography

Esen, Kaan; Özgür, Anıl; Balcı, Yüksel; Tok, Sermin; Kara, Engin

doi:10.1007/s11604-017-0710-3

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…In the standard anatomical, surgical and radiological textbooks, the STA is considered to have a relatively constant origin from the anterior surface of ECA[ 19 , 20 ]; but many studies have reported wide variations in the origins of the STA[ 2 , 8 , 21 – 23 ]. The STA frequently arises from the ECA just above the carotid bifurcation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of the origin of superior thyroid artery and its relationship with the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve

Dessie

2018

PLoS ONE

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IntroductionThe superior thyroid artery, the main atrial supply of neck region, is branched from the external carotid artery as a first branch, but it may also arise from the common carotid artery and its bifurcation. The external branch of superior laryngeal nerve runs parallel to it and later crossing the artery either above or below the upper pole of the thyroid gland.ObjectiveThis study aimed at evaluating the variations of the origin of superior thyroid artery and its relationship with the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.MethodsA descriptive study was conducted on 43 embalmed cadavers. The anterior triangle of the neck region was dissected bilaterally. The presence or absence of STA and its origin, branching pattern, relationship with the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, level of origin in relation to the lamina of the thyroid cartilage and level of carotid bifurcation were observed and recorded.ResultThe superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery in 44.2%, common carotid bifurcation in 27.9% and common carotid artery in 26.7% of cadavers. In one of the cadaver, the superior thyroid artery arises from lingual artery. The origin of superior thyroid artery was significantly associated with its branching pattern and level of common carotid artery bifurcation. The mean distance from the upper pole of the thyroid gland to the level where an external branch of superior laryngeal nerve turns medially from superior thyroid artery was found to be 1.04cm.ConclusionThe wide range of variations of the superior thyroid artery on its origin and relationship with adjacent structures is a common phenomenon. The clinicians should be aware of those variations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of the origin of superior thyroid artery and its relationship with the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve

Dessie

2018

PLoS ONE

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“…4 , 5 , 9 Angiologists and head and neck surgeons should be familiar with variations in the origin and course of the principal arteries of the head and neck during surgical procedures and treatment of the upper larynx, parathyroid and thyroid glands. 10 Esen et al 11 advise conducting a thorough CT angiograph study to understand the arterial system of the head and neck region prior to any surgical approach. Thyroidectomy is the most common head and neck surgery done worldwide and the mortality rate is considered to be 0%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of superior thyroid artery: under the surgeon’s knife

2018

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Background The major arterial supply to the thyroid gland is from the superior and inferior thyroid arteries, arising from the external carotid artery and the thyrocervical trunk respectively. The external laryngeal nerve runs in close proximity to the origin of the superior thyroid artery in relation to the thyroid gland. The superior thyroid artery is clinically important in head and neck surgeries. Objectives To locate the origin of the superior thyroid artery, because wide variability is reported. To provide knowledge of possible variations in its origin, because it is important for surgical procedures in the neck. Methods The origin of the superior thyroid artery was studied by dissecting sixty adult human hemineck specimens from donated cadavers in a Department of Anatomy. Results The highest incidence observed was origin of the superior thyroid artery from the external carotid artery (88.33%), whereas origin from the common carotid bifurcation only occurred in 8.33%. However, in 3.33% of cases, the superior thyroid artery originated from the common carotid artery and in a single case, the external laryngeal nerve did not cross the stem of the superior thyroid artery at all, but ran ventral and parallel to the artery. Conclusions It is important to rule out anomalous origin of superior thyroid artery and verify its relationship to the external laryngeal nerve prior to ligation of the artery in thyroid surgeries, in order to prevent iatrogenic injuries. Moreover, because anomalous origins of the superior thyroid artery are only anatomic variants, thorough knowledge of these is decisive for head and neck surgeries.

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“…The mixture was maintained for about 4 hours in open air until vapor stoppage before microwave digestion under the following conditions:600 W, 200 °C, 20 min and 150 psi 29,30 .The digested samples were filtered, transferred to polyethylene containers diluted with 0.2 M HCl to appropriate volumes and stored at 4ºC until analysis. The solid residue was discarded.…”

Section: Sample Treatment For Determination Of the Total As Content Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Bioavailability and Bioaccessibility of Total Arsenic and Arsenic Species in Environmental Samples

Pizarro

Román

Gómez

et al. 2017

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

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Studies on the bioavailability of As, of impacted vegetables; and As bioaccesibility in the edible parts of carrots (daucus carota), beets (beta vulgaris) and quinoa (chenopodium) growing in polluted soils thought "in vitro" gastrointestinal process; the As speciation both in the edible parts of vegetables and in their gastrointestinal extracts have been performed. Elemental analysis and As speciation have been performed by ICP-MS and LC-ICP-MS, respectively. The Arsenic recovery after the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was from 98, 90 and 40% for carrots, beets and quinoa, respectively; with no significant transformation of original As species. These studies provide a clearer understanding of the impact that As and other contaminant elements may present in the population of this high polluted Chilean region.

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Variations in the origins of the thyroid arteries on CT angiography

Abstract: The visualization of thyroid arteries on CT angiography images enables the anatomy of the arterial supply system of the thyroid gland to be explored in a noninvasive manner prior to surgery.

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Variations of the origin of superior thyroid artery and its relationship with the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve

Variations of the origin of superior thyroid artery and its relationship with the external branch of superior laryngeal nerve

Origin of superior thyroid artery: under the surgeon’s knife

Assessing the Bioavailability and Bioaccessibility of Total Arsenic and Arsenic Species in Environmental Samples

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