Variations in the optical properties of terrigenous mineral‐rich particulate matter suspended in seawater

Stramski, Dariusz; Babin, Marcel; Woźniak, Sławomir B.

doi:10.4319/lo.2007.52.6.2418

Cited by 118 publications

(184 citation statements)

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“…The particle populations of aquatic ecosystems are heterogeneous, varying in time and space and differing greatly among systems in response to an array of drivers (Stramski et al , 2007Peng and Effler 2011). Protocols for resolving the various components of light scattering are needed to understand these differences and dynamics, and to identify their origins and drivers, objectives that are consistent with the reductionist approach advocated by Stramski and co-workers (Stramski et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protocols for resolving the various components of light scattering are needed to understand these differences and dynamics, and to identify their origins and drivers, objectives that are consistent with the reductionist approach advocated by Stramski and co-workers (Stramski et al. 2001(Stramski et al , 2007 where V is the sample volume, N m is the number of minerogenic particles in a sampled volume of water, and PA m,i is the projected area (m 2 ) of minerogenic particle i. Q bm,i depends on the complex refractive index (m i , function of composition) and size (d i ) of the particle, and the wavelength of light (l). This SAX-Mie approach supports further partitioning of b m into contributions according to size and particularly composition (e.g., clay minerals, quartz, and calcite) of particles Effler 2010, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b is an inherent optical property, independent of the geometry of the light field. The magnitude and spectral features of the particulate component of scattering, b p (which greatly exceeds that due to water), depend on multiple attributes of a particle population, including the number concentration (N), the particle size distribution (PSD), the composition of the individual particles and their shapes (Babin et al 2003).The particle populations of aquatic ecosystems are heterogeneous, varying in time and space and differing greatly among systems in response to an array of drivers (Stramski et al , 2007Peng and Effler 2011). Protocols for resolving the various components of light scattering are needed to understand these differences and dynamics, and to identify their origins and drivers, objectives that are consistent with the reductionist approach advocated by Stramski and co-workers (Stramski et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Long‐term study of minerogenic particle optics in Cayuga Lake, New York

Effler

Peng

2014

Limnology & Oceanography

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The dynamics of light scattering by minerogenic particles in the upper waters of Cayuga Lake, New York, were characterized for the spring-autumn interval of 8 yr (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) at pelagic and nearshore sites with a scanning electron microscope interfaced with automated image and x-ray analyses (SAX). SAX results were used to estimate the minerogenic scattering coefficient ( Light scattering by particles, a fundamental process regulating radiative transfer in water (Kirk 2011), is important in determining apparent optical properties (AOPs, depend on geometry of the light field) of interest, including clarity (Preisendorfer 1986) and the remote sensing signal (Woźniak and Stramski 2004). The total scattering coefficient (b; m 21 ), corresponding to the integration of the volume-scattering function over all directions (Kirk 2011), quantifies a central feature of the light-scattering regime. b is an inherent optical property, independent of the geometry of the light field. The magnitude and spectral features of the particulate component of scattering, b p (which greatly exceeds that due to water), depend on multiple attributes of a particle population, including the number concentration (N), the particle size distribution (PSD), the composition of the individual particles and their shapes (Babin et al. 2003).The particle populations of aquatic ecosystems are heterogeneous, varying in time and space and differing greatly among systems in response to an array of drivers (Stramski et al. , 2007Peng and Effler 2011). Protocols for resolving the various components of light scattering are needed to understand these differences and dynamics, and to identify their origins and drivers, objectives that are consistent with the reductionist approach advocated by Stramski and co-workers (Stramski et al. 2001(Stramski et al. , 2007 where V is the sample volume, N m is the number of minerogenic particles in a sampled volume of water, and PA m,i is the projected area (m 2 ) of minerogenic particle i. Q bm,i depends on the complex refractive index (m i , function of composition) and size (d i ) of the particle, and the wavelength of light (l). This SAX-Mie approach supports further partitioning of b m into contributions according to size and particularly composition (e.g., clay minerals, quartz, and calcite) of particles Effler 2010, 2011). Early research with the SAX-Mie approach had appropriately focused first on testing the credibility of the forward estimates of b m for a range of particle assemblage conditions (see

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term study of minerogenic particle optics in Cayuga Lake, New York

Effler

Peng

2014

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…(3), the light-dependent variable, λ, was selected as a repeating variable due to the consideration that λ accounts for the dependence of absorption and scattering by water and sediments upon the energy of light (Kirk 1994;Babin and Stramski 2004;Stramski et al 2007;Doxaran et al 2009;Wozniak et al 2010). A dimensional analysis was used to produce the following dimensionless products:…”

Section: Dimensional Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Suspended Sediment Concentration in Streams by Diffuse Light Attenuation

2014

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A light attenuation sensor system (LASS) for measurements in waters is described in this paper. The LASS records irradiance at multiple levels in the water column to provide a measure of the diffuse light attenuation coefficient which is strongly affected by suspended sediment. Dimensional analysis and geometric optical theory are used to relate the irradiance attenuation to sediment properties through a dimensionless product. The latter is termed as a light attenuation number for suspended sediment in waters. The LASS and dimensional analysis results are validated in the laboratory using fluvial sediments collected from a third-order stream and monodisperse quartz sediment. The attenuation coefficient estimated with LASS data varied nonlinearly with total suspended sediment concentration due to particle shadowing and multiple scattering at large optical depths. The light attenuation coefficient for each sediment type is well described as a function of total suspended sediment concentration by empirical power law relationships, which provides confidence in the functioning of LASS. Light attenuation curves for different sediment types collapsed onto a single curve when replotted according to dimensionless numbers arising from the dimensional analysis, which confers confidence in the analysis for future research and application. A successful field demonstration of LASS in a small stream highlights its potential application in hydraulic and ecological research as well as future avenues of research to improve the sensor.

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A model for partitioning the light absorption coefficient of natural waters into phytoplankton, nonalgal particulate, and colored dissolved organic components: A case study for the Chesapeake Bay

2015

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We present a model, referred to as Generalized Stacked-Constraints Model (GSCM), for partitioning the total light absorption coefficient of natural water (with pure-water contribution subtracted), a nw (k), into phytoplankton, a ph (k), nonalgal particulate, a d (k), and CDOM, a g (k), components. The formulation of the model is based on the so-called stacked-constraints approach, which utilizes a number of inequality constraints that must be satisfied simultaneously by the model outputs of component absorption coefficients. A major advancement is that GSCM provides a capability to separate the a d (k) and a g (k) coefficients from each other using only weakly restrictive assumptions about the component absorption coefficients. In contrast to the common assumption of exponential spectral shape of a d (k) and a g (k) in previous models, in our model these two coefficients are parameterized in terms of several distinct spectral shapes. These shapes are determined from field data collected in the Chesapeake Bay with an ultimate goal to adequately account for the actual variability in spectral shapes of a d (k) and a g (k) in the study area. Another advancement of this model lies in its capability to account for potentially nonnegligible magnitude of a d (k) in the near-infrared spectral region. Evaluation of model performance demonstrates good agreement with measurements in the Chesapeake Bay. For example, the median ratio of the model-derived to measured a d (k), a g (k), and a ph (k) at 443 nm is 0.913, 1.064, and 1.056, respectively. Whereas our model in its present form can be a powerful tool for regional studies in the Chesapeake Bay, the overall approach is readily adaptable to other regions or bio-optical water types.

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Variations in the optical properties of terrigenous mineral‐rich particulate matter suspended in seawater

Cited by 118 publications

References 56 publications

Long‐term study of minerogenic particle optics in Cayuga Lake, New York

Long‐term study of minerogenic particle optics in Cayuga Lake, New York

Estimating Suspended Sediment Concentration in Streams by Diffuse Light Attenuation

A model for partitioning the light absorption coefficient of natural waters into phytoplankton, nonalgal particulate, and colored dissolved organic components: A case study for the Chesapeake Bay

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