Variations in the Localization of Acetyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase in Aerobic Yeast Cells

Abstract

In cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae growing aerobically for 24 hr, acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase [acetate: CoA ligase (AMP), EC 6.2. 1 . 1] was localized principally in the microsomal fraction. On density gradients, the enzyme in such cells behaved as a low-density particle, readily separable from the soluble proteins. After 48 hr of incubation, the cells showed a bimodal distribution of enzyme, with most of the activity now sedimenting with the mitochondrial fraction and only a smaller amount with the microsomal fraction. By using density gradients, two forms of synthetase were obtained from these cells: one band denser and the other band less dense than the intact mitochondria. In all preparations containing synthetase activity, appreciable levels of phospholipids were also detected.on July 31, 2020 by guest

ACS2, a Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Gene Encoding Acetyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase, Essential for Growth on Glucose

“…At present, there are conflicting reports in the literature on the subcellular localization of ACS. Different authors have reported mitochondrial, microsomal (Klein and Jahnke, 1971) and cytosolic (Kispal et al, 1991) localization of the ACS activity. However, in view of its role in growth on carbon sources such as acetate or ethanol and its C-terminus sequence, Acslp may well be located in peroxisomes.…”

Cytosolic acetyl‐CoA synthetase affected tumor cell survival under hypoxia: the possible function in tumor acetyl‐CoA/acetate metabolism

“…( 14–17 ) On the other hand, under anaerobic conditions or respiratory deficiency, it is known that cytosolic ACSS expressed in yeast and fungus Aspergillus nidulans displays considerably higher affinity to acetyl‐CoA than acetate and mediates reverse reaction leading to acetate production. ( 23–28 ) This suggested that the reverse reaction of cytosolic ACSS plays a role in reducing intracellular acetyl‐CoA concentration and generating ATP to survive under anaerobic conditions in these organisms.…”

“…( 18–22 ) Moreover, in yeast and a fungus Aspergillus nidulans , it has been demonstrated that the ‘cytosolic’ ACSS can mediate the reverse reaction from acetyl‐CoA to acetate under the conditions of insufficient oxygen supply and would play an important role in their anaerobic survival. ( 23–28 ) Based on these facts, we speculated that ACSS expressed in tumor cytosol (ACSS2) might be also important in tumor cell survival under hypoxia.…”

Microbial oil production from various carbon sources and its use for biodiesel preparation

“…Compared with other carbon sources, theoretically acetyl‐CoA may be supplied in the cytosol in a more direct way by cultivation of the organism on C 2 compounds, involving only a one‐step enzymatic reaction catalyzed by acetyl‐CoA synthetase. This enzyme has been demonstrated to localize in the mitochondrion, microsomes and cytosol of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . The utilization of C 2 compounds may suggest that the related enzymes also exist in some oleaginous micro‐organisms.…”