Variations in the diet composition and feeding intensity of mackerel icefish Champsocephalus gunnari at South Georgia (Antarctic)

Wilhelms, S.; Everson, Inigo; Gröger, Joachim Paul

doi:10.3354/meps108043

Cited by 72 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It was estimated that the species can control the mesozooplankton community through its predation impact and may thus significantly contribute to downward flux of biogenic carbon . It may also act as a direct link between mesozooplankton and higher levels of the trophic web, since T. gaudichaudii is consumed by a variety of top predators, including fish (Kock et al 1994), squid (Ivanovic & Brunetti 1994), and air-breathing vertebrates (Budylenko 1978, Ridoux 1994). To our knowledge, however, no attempt was made at a given locality to sample T. gaudichaudii in the macrozooplankton community and in the diet of several predators at the same time, in order to assess first its numerical and biomass importance in the pelagic ecosystem and in seabird nutrition, and second prey-predator relationships between T. gaudichaudii and the community of planktivorous seabirds.…”

Section: Abstract: Antarctica · Euphausia Superba · Pelagic Ecosystementioning

confidence: 99%

Amphipod-based food web: Themisto gaudichaudii caught in nets and by seabirds in Kerguelen waters, southern Indian Ocean

Bocher¹,

Cherel²,

Labat³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Abstract: Antarctica · Euphausia Superba · Pelagic Ecosystementioning

confidence: 99%

Amphipod-based food web: Themisto gaudichaudii caught in nets and by seabirds in Kerguelen waters, southern Indian Ocean

Bocher¹,

Cherel²,

Labat³

et al. 2001

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…There are however some indications that they may consume phytoplankton cells as well, especially in the early stages of development (Siegfried 1965, Nemoto & Yoo 1970, Hopkins 1985, Sugisaki et al 1991. T. gaudichaudi has a high energy content (Williams & Robins 1979, Strelnikova 1989 and is one of the main food sources for many predators including fish, squid, birds and whales (Nemoto & Yoo 1970, Permitin & Tarverdieva 1972, Chechun 1984, Rodhouse et al 1992, Bost et al 1994, Kock et al 1994. Thus, T gaudichaudi constitutes an important ecological link between small zooplankton and top consumers and, in certain areas, may effectively control the mesozooplankton standing stock (Gibbons et al 1992) and affect the population d.ynamics of predators such as penguins (Bost et al 1994) and fish (Kock et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T. gaudichaudi has a high energy content (Williams & Robins 1979, Strelnikova 1989 and is one of the main food sources for many predators including fish, squid, birds and whales (Nemoto & Yoo 1970, Permitin & Tarverdieva 1972, Chechun 1984, Rodhouse et al 1992, Bost et al 1994, Kock et al 1994. Thus, T gaudichaudi constitutes an important ecological link between small zooplankton and top consumers and, in certain areas, may effectively control the mesozooplankton standing stock (Gibbons et al 1992) and affect the population d.ynamics of predators such as penguins (Bost et al 1994) and fish (Kock et al 1994). T. gaudlchaudi may also contribute substantially to the downward carbon flux in the subantarctic zone due to its high abundances, marked die1 vertical migrations (Kane 1966, Everson & Ward 1980) and production of fast-sinking faecal pellets (Fortier et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophodynamics of the hyperiid amphipod Themisto gaudichaudi in the South Georgia region during late austral summer

Ea¹,

Perissinotto²

1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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ABSTRACT. The feeding dynamics and predation impact of the hyperiid amphipod Themisto qaudichaudi on mesozooplankton were studied in the vicinity of South Georgia, Southern Ocean, during austral summer 1994. Data show that 7, gaudichaudi is a visual opportunistic predator, consuming primarily the most abundant species of copepods, euphausilds and pteropods. In situ estimated daily rations were equivalent to 6.3 % of body dry weight, and similar to the value of 7.1 % of body dry weight derived using an energy budget approach which takes into account the total daily energy requirements. In vitro estimates produced daily rations higher than these, ranglng from 8.5 to 21.8% of body dry weight, increasing with prey density. The predation impact of T. gaudichaudi adults, averaged over a 0 to 200 or 0 to 100 m layer, never exceeded 2.1 of mesozooplankton standing stock per day but accounted for up to 70% of the daily secondary production This suggests that in the vicinity of South Georgia T. qaudichaudi adults are able to control the local mesozooplankton community and may contribute significantly to the downward flux of biogenic carbon.

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“…Most Southern Ocean fish species are demersal or semidemersal, occurring in relatively restricted shelf regions around the continental Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands (Kock, 1992(Kock, , 1994Eastman, 1993). The direct role of advection on some of these species, which have short larval phases, is probably quite limited.…”

Section: Impacts Of Advection On Fish Populations In the Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advection in polar and sub-polar environments: Impacts on high latitude marine ecosystems

Hunt

Drinkwater

Arrigo

et al. 2016

Progress in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tWe compare and contrast the ecological impacts of atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns on polar and sub-polar marine ecosystems. Circulation patterns differ strikingly between the north and south. Meridional circulation in the north provides connections between the sub-Arctic and Arctic despite the presence of encircling continental landmasses, whereas annular circulation patterns in the south tend to isolate Antarctic surface waters from those in the north. These differences influence fundamental aspects of the polar ecosystems from the amount, thickness and duration of sea ice, to the types of organisms, and the ecology of zooplankton, fish, seabirds and marine mammals. Meridional flows in both the North Pacific and the North Atlantic oceans transport heat, nutrients, and plankton northward into the Chukchi Sea, the Barents Sea, and the seas off the west coast of Greenland. In the North Atlantic, the advected heat warms the waters of the southern Barents Sea and, with advected nutrients and plankton, supports immense biomasses of fish, seabirds and marine mammals. On the Pacific side of the Arctic, cold waters flowing northward across the northern Bering and Chukchi seas during winter and spring limit the ability of boreal fish species to take advantage of high seasonal production there. Southward flow of cold Arctic waters into sub-Arctic regions of the North Atlantic occurs mainly through Fram Strait with less through the Barents Sea and the Canadian Archipelago. In the Pacific, the transport of Arctic waters and plankton southward through Bering Strait is minimal.In the Southern Ocean, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and its associated fronts are barriers to the southward dispersal of plankton and pelagic fishes from sub-Antarctic waters, with the consequent evolution of Antarctic zooplankton and fish species largely occurring in isolation from those to the north. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current also disperses biota throughout the Southern Ocean, and as a result, the biota tends to be similar within a given broad latitudinal band. South of the Southern Boundary of the ACC, there is a large-scale divergence that brings nutrient-rich water to the surface. This divergence, along with more localized upwelling regions and deep vertical convection in winter, generates elevated nutrient levels throughout the Antarctic at the end of austral winter. However, such elevated nutrient levels do not support elevated phytoplankton productivity through the entire Southern Ocean, as iron concentrations are rapidly removed to limiting levels by spring blooms in deep waters. However, coastal http://dx

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Variations in the diet composition and feeding intensity of mackerel icefish Champsocephalus gunnari at South Georgia (Antarctic)

Abstract: ABSTRACT. The diet composition and feeding intensity of mackerel icefish Champsocephalus gunnari around Shag Rocks and the mainland of South Georgia was analyzed from ca 8700 stomachs collected in

Cited by 72 publications

References 10 publications

Amphipod-based food web: Themisto gaudichaudii caught in nets and by seabirds in Kerguelen waters, southern Indian Ocean

Amphipod-based food web: Themisto gaudichaudii caught in nets and by seabirds in Kerguelen waters, southern Indian Ocean

Trophodynamics of the hyperiid amphipod Themisto gaudichaudi in the South Georgia region during late austral summer

Advection in polar and sub-polar environments: Impacts on high latitude marine ecosystems

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