Variations in outdoor thermal comfort in an urban park in the hot-summer and cold-winter region of China

Wei, Dong; Yang, Linchuan; Bao, Zhikang; Lü, Yi; Yang, Hongtai

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2021.103535

Cited by 96 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…As a country with diverse climate characteristics to ensure the basic indoor thermal environment and meet the national energy-saving, China has carried out climate zoning according to the need for building thermal design. The average temperature of the coldest month and the hottest month as the main indicators of zoning, and the number of days with an average temperature of not more than 5 °C and not less than 25 °C are used as auxiliary indicators (see Table 1 ), China is divided into five climate zones as shown in Figure 1 , namely, severe cold zone (SCZ), cold zone (CZ), hot summer and cold winter zone (HSCW), hot summer and warm winter zone (HSWW), and moderate climate zone (MCZ) [ 56 , 57 ]. To explore the energy-saving level of building envelope under different climatic conditions, the meteorological parameters of 12 typical cities in China are selected in this paper as the outdoor thermal boundary conditions of numerical simulation (it was downloaded from EnergyPlus official website [ 58 ]) according to the differences in topography, climate and culture, and their details are depicted in Figure1 and Figure 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on energy-saving factors adaptability of exterior envelopes of university teaching-office buildings under different climates (China) based on orthogonal design and EnergyPlus

Liu

Hou

Zhang

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on energy-saving factors adaptability of exterior envelopes of university teaching-office buildings under different climates (China) based on orthogonal design and EnergyPlus

Liu

Hou

Zhang

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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“…Thermal comfort is a subjective thermal response of the human body to thermal sensation and a state of expressing satisfaction with the current thermal environment. Thermal comfort is often affected by physical environmental conditions, human activity, clothing, and psychological [ 47 ]. This paper selected physiological equivalent temperature (PET) to evaluate outdoor thermal comfort.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Spatial Components on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Traditional Linpan Settlements

Zhang

Liu

Wei

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Traditional settlements have received increasing attention because of China’s rural revitalization. Traditional settlements with excellent thermal comfort in rural areas can attract urban residents, so it is vital to explore the thermal comfort of traditional settlements. For this paper, we studied Linpan settlements, which are scattered traditional settlements that are mainly composed of buildings and trees. Firstly, we visually interpreted Linpan settlements by ArcGIS. A total of 1194 Linpan settlements were classified to obtain the spatial components. The statistical results of Linpan were used in the subsequent experimental design. Then ENVI-met was used to simulate 25 different spatial forms of Linpan obtained by statistical results and orthogonal experiment to explore the most comfortable Linpan layout. The results showed the following: (1) Linpan could improve thermal comfort in both winter and summer. Adjusting the spatial arrangement could maximally increase the mean physiological equivalent temperature (PET) of the whole Linpan area by 1.03 °C in winter and reduce it by 3.02 °C in the summer. (2) At different time points, the influence of different space factors on thermal comfort was also different. The overall significance of each factor on thermal comfort was addressed as follows: vegetation coverage (highly significant) > building number (highly significant) > building form (highly significant) > vegetation distribution (significant), but the building distribution was not significant. (3) The best spatial arrangement scheme was high vegetation coverage, a large number of buildings, tri-courtyard buildings, surrounding vegetation distribution, and surrounding building distribution. The innovation of this paper lies in introduced thermal comfort into the traditional Linpan settlement, extracted spatial features of buildings and vegetation by visual interpretation combined with GIS software, and the fact that we conducted the experimental design of microclimate and thermal comfort based on spatial features. The research results can guide the outdoor thermal environment renewal design of Linpan and other traditional settlements.

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“…Although the thermal comfort zone of the outdoor spaces obtained from previous cases located in different climate zones varied widely, such as the climate zones across Europe reporting a difference of 10 °C in thermal neutral temperature, many researchers recognized that outdoor thermal comfort is the main factor that determines the quality and use of outdoor spaces [22,23]. However, the present study showed that Ta and RH differences between indoor and outdoor spaces were the primary meteorological factors that influenced the elderly's usage of outdoor spaces.…”

Section: The Impact Of Microclimatic Transients On the Willingness To...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the above benefits the elderly obtained were based on the premise that the outdoor spaces were sufficiently comfortable to attract the elderly to use and enjoy these [20]. Previous research indicated that thermal comfort was one of the main factors that determine the quality and use of outdoor spaces [21][22][23]. In the hot-dry Mediterranean regions, the internal gardens provide a passive cooling effect to attract people to enter them [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Transient Changes in Indoor and Outdoor Thermal Comfort on the Use of Outdoor Space by Older Adults in the Nursing Home

et al. 2022

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Recently, the requirements regarding the environment of nursing homes are high, because the elderly are a vulnerable group with limited adaptive capacity to respond to transient environmental change. This paper presents a field investigation on the influence of transient thermal comfort changes between the indoor and outdoor spaces (i.e., air temperature (Ta), solar radiation (SR), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), and the thermal comfort indices of Universal Thermal Index (UTCI)) on the willingness of the elderly to use outdoor spaces of the Wanxia nursing home of Chengdu City. Results indicated that, in summer, the mean UTCI values of indoor and corridor spaces corresponded to the level of moderate heat stress, while those of road and garden corresponded to the strong heat stress level. Road and garden spaces even showed moderate heat stress in spring. Approximately 28.93% (139) of the elderly living here used outdoor spaces every day. The morning period (from 9:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.) was the elderly’s favorited period for using outdoor spaces in seasons. The microclimatic transient differences between indoor and outdoor spaces ranged from 0.47 °C to 2.93 °C (|ΔTa|), from 86.09 W/m2 to 206.76 W/m2 (|ΔSR|), from 5.29% to 14.76% (ΔRH), from 0.01 m/s to 0.07 m/s (|ΔWS|), and from 0.25 °C to 2.25 °C (ΔUTCI). These big microclimate differences could cause enormous health risks for the elderly in the process of indoor and outdoor space conversion. The minimal transient change occurred between corridors and indoors. Pearson correlation analysis indicated ΔTa and ΔRH between indoor and outdoor spaces were the primary meteorological factors that influenced the elderly’s willing to use outdoor spaces. The elderly preferred to live in a constant Ta and RH environment. Only when the ΔTa and ΔRH are small enough to resemble a steady-state (ΔUTCI ≤ 0.5 °C), ΔWS and ΔSI could affect the elderly’s choice of using outdoor space. Optimal design strategies were put forward for reducing the transient differences between indoor and outdoor microclimates to inspire the elderly to use outdoor spaces safely, including improving outdoor canopy coverage and indoor mechanical ventilation.

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Variations in outdoor thermal comfort in an urban park in the hot-summer and cold-winter region of China

Cited by 96 publications

References 65 publications

Research on energy-saving factors adaptability of exterior envelopes of university teaching-office buildings under different climates (China) based on orthogonal design and EnergyPlus

Research on energy-saving factors adaptability of exterior envelopes of university teaching-office buildings under different climates (China) based on orthogonal design and EnergyPlus

Impacts of Spatial Components on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Traditional Linpan Settlements

The Influence of Transient Changes in Indoor and Outdoor Thermal Comfort on the Use of Outdoor Space by Older Adults in the Nursing Home

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