Variations in foliar carbon:nitrogen and nitrogen:phosphorus ratios under global change: a meta-analysis of experimental field studies

Xu, Shan; Sardans, Jordi; Zhang, Jinlong; Peñuelas, Josep

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-68487-0

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Our study revealed that R− significantly decreased the C:P ratios of leaves and soils, but R+ increased them (Figure 2). It is widely accepted that C is linked to biological processes, such as photosynthesis and C allocation (Pausch & Kuzyakov, 2018; Rivas‐Ubach et al., 2012), whereas P depends on fewer biological mechanisms, but has a greater dependence on the initial P content of bedrock and land development processes (Peñuelas et al., 2013; Xu et al., 2020). Thus, changes in C rather than P under changes in precipitation might be responsible for the significant variations in the C:P ratios of leaves and soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric responses of terrestrial C:N:P stoichiometry to precipitation change

Sun

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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Aim The aim was to test whether the responses of C:N:P stoichiometry in plant–soil–microorganism systems to precipitation changes support the prediction of the double asymmetry model, which predicts ecological processes (i.e. aboveground productivity, soil microbial community, and soil respiration) are more sensitive to increased precipitation (R+) than decreased precipitation (R−) under normal precipitation changes, whereas more sensitive to R− than R+ under extreme precipitation changes. Location Global. Time period 1999–2020. Major taxa studied Plants, soils, and soil microorganisms. Methods We performed a global meta‐analysis of 848 observations (587 R− and 261 R+ manipulations) from 160 studies, which tested the effects of precipitation changes on C:N:P across plants, soils, and soil microorganisms. The data encompassed broad variations in ecosystems, climate, precipitation intensity, and experimental duration. Results We revealed that the C:N and C:P ratios of different ecosystem compartments were more sensitive to moderate R+ rather than moderate R−, whereas they exhibited a higher response to extreme R− rather than extreme R+, which supported the prediction of the double asymmetry model. Moreover, such responses were more pronounced under higher precipitation intensities and longer experimental duration. The effects of precipitation changes on the C:N:P stoichiometry of plants, soils, and soil microorganisms were consistent across ecosystem types (i.e. forests and grasslands) and associated background climates (i.e. mean annual temperature and precipitation). Main conclusions Our findings provide the first evidence of the asymmetric responses of C:N:P stoichiometry in above‐ and belowground systems to precipitation change. These results extend the double asymmetric model and improve our understanding of C and N cycling, as well as facilitate the prediction of ecosystem responses to precipitation changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric responses of terrestrial C:N:P stoichiometry to precipitation change

Sun

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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“…The impact of anthropic fertilization and the arrival of invasive species in other areas can substantially alter previously pristine areas by altering soil biogeochemical cycles. Associated impacts will not only affect biodiversity or landscapes but will also greatly affect biogeochemical cycles and ecological stoichiometry (Cusak et al, 2016; Sardans, Grau, et al, 2017; Wang et al, 2017; Xu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of global change on soil phosphatase activity

Margalef

Sardans

Maspons

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Soil phosphatase enzymes are produced by plant roots and microorganisms and play a key role in the cycling of phosphorus (P), an often‐limiting element in terrestrial ecosystems. The production of these enzymes in soil is the most important biological strategy for acquiring phosphate ions from organic molecules. Previous works showed how soil potential phosphatase activity is mainly driven by climatic conditions and soil nitrogen (N) and carbon. Nonetheless, future trends of the activity of these enzymes under global change remain little known. We investigated the influence of some of the main drivers of change on soil phosphatase activity using a meta‐analysis of results from 97 published studies. Our database included a compilation of N and P fertilization experiments, manipulation experiments with increased atmospheric CO2 concentration, warming, and drought, and studies comparing invaded and non‐invaded ecosystems. Our results indicate that N fertilization leads to higher phosphatase activity, whereas P fertilization has the opposite effect. The rise of atmospheric CO2 levels or the arrival of invasive species also exhibits positive response ratios on the activity of soil phosphatases. However, the occurrence of recurrent drought episodes decreases the activity of soil phosphatases. Our analysis did not reveal statistically significant effects of warming on soil phosphatase activity. In general, soil enzymatic changes in the reviewed experiments depended on the initial nutrient and water status of the ecosystems. The observed patterns evidence that future soil phosphatase activity will not only depend on present‐day soil conditions but also on potential compensations or amplifications among the different drivers of global change. The responses of soil phosphatases to the global change drivers reported in this study and the consideration of cost–benefit approaches based on the connection of the P and N cycle will be useful for a better estimation of phosphatase production in carbon (C)–N–P models.

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“…The soil had richer N supply capacity at shady slope than that in sunny slope. Soil N:P ratio was an important indicator of N nutrient availability, and it was usually influenced by environmental factors and soil properties in forest ecosystems [26,[40][41][42]. In our research, soil N:P ratios ranged from 2.79 to 4.61 in sunny slope and from 3.01 to 9.24 in shady slope, respectively.…”

Section: Decoupling Of Soil C:n:p Stoichiometry In Shady Slopementioning

confidence: 55%

“…In detail, soil acidity usually inhibits microbial activity and bacterial growth [24], mainly owing to the higher H+ concentration disrupting the permeability and stability of bacterial cell membranes [25]. P content is mainly related to habitat conditions and soil lithology [26]. During the field sampling, we found no significant difference in soil texture between the two slopes.…”

Section: Altitudinal Patterns In Soil C N and P Contents At Sunny And Shady Slope Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Effects of slope aspect on altitudinal pattern of soil C:N:P stoichiometry in alpine forest of Tibet

Guo

He-ping

et al. 2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Knowledge of altitudinal patterns in soil C, N and P distribution is important for understanding biogeochemical processes in mountainous forests, yet the influence of slope aspects on soil stoichiometry has been largely neglected in previous studies. In this paper, a total number of 150 topsoil samples at four altitudes (3700, 3900, 4100, 4380 m a.s.l.) on sunny and shady slopes of Sygera mountains in the Southeastern Tibet were collected. Soil C, N and P contents, and pH, were measured. Soil temperature, moisture and richness of plant species were investigated at each sampling site. The results showed that: 1) in sunny slope, soil C, N and P concentrations increased with the increase in altitude, whereas soil C:N, C:P, and N:P decreased along the altitudinal gradient on s. Soil moisture was the main regulator of soil nutrition and stoichiometric ratios. 2) In shady slope, soil C and N contents had no significant difference along the altitudinal gradient except the higher values at low altitude, whereas soil P increased first and then decreased. Soil C:N increased with the increase in altitude, whereas C:P and N:P decreased first and then increased. Soil temperature and species richness were the main factors influencing soil nutrition and stoichiometric ratios. 3) Decoupling of soil C:N:P stoichiometry was observed in shady slope owing to changes in soil pH and temperature. 4) The rich contents of soil C and P were observed at two slopes along the altitudinal gradient, and high capacity of N supply existed at the topsoil in shady slope. These results suggested that slope aspect plays an important role in shaping the altitudinal pattern of soil C:N:P stoichiometry in mountainous forests.

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Variations in foliar carbon:nitrogen and nitrogen:phosphorus ratios under global change: a meta-analysis of experimental field studies

Cited by 24 publications

References 49 publications

Asymmetric responses of terrestrial C:N:P stoichiometry to precipitation change

Asymmetric responses of terrestrial C:N:P stoichiometry to precipitation change

The effect of global change on soil phosphatase activity

Effects of slope aspect on altitudinal pattern of soil C:N:P stoichiometry in alpine forest of Tibet

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