Variations in age structure and growth in congeners Lacerta viridis and Lacerta media

Abstract

Determining the age of any species allows it to be analyzed from the ontogenetic, demographic, and ecological perspectives. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the age structure of congener species (Lacerta media and Lacerta viridis) with the same ecological niche may vary in different areas. In this context, we applied skeletochronology method to reveal various demographic parameters, such as age structure, longevity, age at sexual maturity, growth rate, survival rate, adult life expectancy, and the relationship between age and body size in the green lizard, L. viridis, and the medium lizard, L. media. In L. media and L. viridis, the maximum lifespan was 10 and 8 years, respectively. The mean age and body size of females were significantly greater than those of males in L. media. However, in the examined L. viridis population, no appreciable variation in mean age or body size was found to exist between the sexes. It was estimated that the green lizards reach maturity at the age of 2 or 3 years. However, the L. media reached sexual maturity approximately 1 year later than the congener. The body size markedly increased with age in males for both studied populations. However, in females, body size positively increased with age only in L. media. The approach of skeletochronology that we utilized in this study to assess age structure makes it simple to gather a variety of time-dependent ecological data for such ectothermic species.

Life‐history evolution in the orange‐tailed skink populations living in different climates

“…In this study, body size difference in both Mediterranean and continental orange‐tailed skink populations is female biased, albeit weakly. This female‐biased phenomenon has also been documented in small‐sized species such as Lacerta viridis (Altunışık et al., 2023 ), L. agilis (Guarino et al., 2010 ), Cyrtopodion scabrum (Altunışık, Üçeş, & Yıldız, 2022 ), Chalcides ocellatus (Mermer et al., 2020 ), and C. chalcides (Guarino, 2010 ).…”

“…Sampling was performed with the permission of the Ege University Faculty of Medicine Animal Ethics Committee (Date: April 29, 2011, decision number: 2011/071). Sex was determined based on the presence or absence of a hemipenis (Altunışık et al., 2023 ). The most important color pattern feature that distinguishes juvenile individuals from adult individuals is the transverse or partially spotted white spots on the posterior edge of the dorsal scales.…”