Variations and Trends in Health Burden of Visual Impairment Due to Cataract: A Global Analysis

He, Miao; Wang, Wei; Huang, Wenyong

doi:10.1167/iovs.17-21459

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In our previous study, we found that the cataract DALY increased by 89.42% in the past 25 years and distributed unevenly worldwide (He et al. ). The socio‐economic inequality has been proposed to be contributed to maldistribution of disease burden (Soerjomataram et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Epidemiological variations and trends in health burden of glaucoma worldwide

Wang

et al. 2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To evaluate the trends and variations in global health burden of glaucoma by year, age and sex, region and socio-economic status, using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Method: The DALY numbers, crude DALY rate and age-standardized DALY rate globally and in each country were obtained the GBD 2015 study database. The corresponding human development index (HDI) and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita were obtained from the United Nations and World Bank. Environmental data were obtained from the WHO Global Health Observatory data repository. Results: From 1990 to 2015, the DALY number and age-standardized DALY rate due to glaucoma increased by 122% and 15%, respectively. Both male and female showed similar increasing trend with ageing, with the peak at 60 years old and increasing again since 75 years old. Sex disparities in DALY number were noted, with higher burden among female than male in each age group (all p < 0.001). The health burden of glaucoma was substantial unequal, with Gini coefficient of 0.865 for DALY number, 0.235 for crude DALY rate and 0.254 for age-standardized DALY rate, respectively. The age-standardized DALY was significantly associated with HDI, accounting for 22.2% variance across countries (R 2 = 0.222, p < 0.001). Similarly, the GDP per capita was inversely associated with age-standardized DALY rate but can explain only 10.6% variations in age-standardized DALY rate (R 2 = 0.106, p < 0.001). The agestandardized DALY rate due to glaucoma was positively associated with national levels of ultraviolet radiation and PM 2.5 . Conclusion: The health burden of glaucoma continuously increased in the past 25 years and distributed unequally. Lower socio-economic level, older age, female, higher ambient ultraviolet radiation and higher level of air pollution were significantly associated with higher burden of glaucoma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Epidemiological variations and trends in health burden of glaucoma worldwide

Wang

et al. 2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…The advantage of the DALY is it can be compared between different diseases and injuries across time and regions and can be analysed using socioeconomic indexes. The DALY’s change and distributions have been analysed for several disability diseases [11-17], but there are few studies for glaucoma. The most recent study of The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) demonstrated that vision loss was the third largest impairment in DALY after anaemia and hearing loss globally from 1990-2017.…”

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confidence: 99%

Time trends and heterogeneity in the disease burden of glaucoma, 1990-2017: a global analysis

Zhang

Jin

Fan

et al. 2019

Journal of Global Health

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BackgroundTo evaluate the disease burden of glaucoma in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and assess the contribution of risk factors to DALY due to glaucoma.MethodsGlobal, regional, and country DALY number, rate, and age-standardized rates of glaucoma were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 database. The Human Development Index (HDI), Inequality-Adjusted HDI, Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), and other country-level data were derived from international open databases. Regression analysis was used to assess the correlations between the age-standardized DALY rate and the variables.ResultsThe global DALY due to glaucoma increased by 81% from 1990 to 2017 and decreased by 10% over the last two decades after adjusting for age and population size. Males had higher age-standardized DALY rates (P < 0.001). The age-standardized DALY rate was higher in countries with lower income or lower SDI (P < 0.001). The country-level age-standardized DALY rates in 2017 were negatively associated with HDI, SDI, country-level age-standardized prevalence rates of cataracts, cataract surgery rates (CRS), physician rates, and Inequality-Adjusted HDI. Stepwise multiple regressions showed that HDI, CRS, and Inequality-Adjusted HDI were significantly negatively associated with the country-level age-standardized DALY rate in 2017 after adjusting for other confounding factors (P < 0.001).ConclusionsHigher education, higher CRS, and diminishing the inequality in resource distribution may help reduce the disease burden of glaucoma. These findings can provide information for policymakers and could serve as an impetus for efforts toward alleviating the disease burden of glaucoma.

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“…The average life expectancy increased from 66.4 in 1990 to 71.4 in 2015, leading to greater loss of a healthy life at the same onset age. 19…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global inequality in disability-adjusted life years due to eye diseases: a cross-national analysis from 1990 through 2015

Wang

Zheng

Huang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the trends in global inequality in eye health by using data on the global burden of disease measured in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).MethodsThis is an international observational study. We estimated the burden of eye disease by calculating the sum of DALYs (from the Global Burden of Disease study, 2016 update) due to cataract, refraction and accommodation disorders (RE), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and other causes. We assessed the burden of various eye disease in relation to economic status and etiology by calculating the Gini coefficient, and the concentration index.ResultsThis study included 195 countries, VI accounted for 2.46 (95%CI: 2.26 to 2.70) billion DALYs. Global inequality in the health burden due to VI has not changed greatly in the last 25 years, with a Gini coefficient of 0.217 in 1990 and 0.201 in 2015 Cataract was concentrated in poor socioeconomic countries, while AMD was concentrated in higher socioeconomic countries. In 1990, cataract was the most unevenly distributed cause, followed by AMD, RE, glaucoma, and other causes. In 2015, cataract remained the most unevenly distributed cause on a global scale, followed by RE, AMD, glaucoma, and other causes. Time trends of inequality in high-income economies differed from those in low- and middle-income economies. There is an ongoing reduction in the inequality of the VI burden across high-income countries; however, there is an upward trend across low- and middle-income countries. The inequality of RE has improved among high-, low-, and middle-income economies.ConclusionThe health burden of eye diseases has not improved and that the global inequality of eye health has increased continuously in the last 25 years. Time trends of inequality in high-income economies differed from those in low- and middle-income economies.

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Variations and Trends in Health Burden of Visual Impairment Due to Cataract: A Global Analysis

Cited by 39 publications

References 37 publications

Epidemiological variations and trends in health burden of glaucoma worldwide

Epidemiological variations and trends in health burden of glaucoma worldwide

Time trends and heterogeneity in the disease burden of glaucoma, 1990-2017: a global analysis

Global inequality in disability-adjusted life years due to eye diseases: a cross-national analysis from 1990 through 2015

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