Variation of Secondary Metabolites in the Aerial Biomass ofCryptocarya alba

Abstract

Cryptocarya alba is an important tree species in the Chilean sclerophyllous forest. Its leaves and bark are used in traditional medicine to treat liver diseases and rheumatism. Analyses of the essential oil (EO) show serious discrepancies, and information on other constituents is limited. The aerial biomass of individual trees from 3 wild populations, some old trees, and farmed saplings were analyzed ( n = 132). The EO profiles were studied by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The alkaloidal and polyphenol compositions were determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)/MS-MS. The total polyphenol content, the total flavonoid content, and the antioxidant capacity (diphenylpicrylhydrazyl, azinobisethylbenzothiazolinesulfonic acid, and ferric reducing antioxidant power: DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP respectively) were determined by standard methods. Significant differences were found at the individual and population levels in the contents of polyphenols, total flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, and specific alkaloids for leaves, bark, and wood. Farmed saplings grown under less light showed higher concentrations of higenamine, N-methylcoclaurine, N-methyllaurotetanine, and isocorydine, while those receiving more light were richer in laurolitsine, boldine, coclaurine, catechin, quercetin, epicatechin, quercitrin, and procyanidins. Important variations were found according to the season, age of the tree and of the leaves. The EO composition also varied considerably. These results support the idea that the natural variability of medicinal species is an important subject for study.

Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of Two Native Fruits of Chile: Arrayan (Luma apiculata) and Peumo (Cryptocarya alba)

“…However, we could not identify anthocyanin compounds in the present work. These results could be caused by the previously published fact [10] that secondary metabolites in the aerial biomass strongly variate in medicinal species. The main compounds identified in the peumo extract were chlorogenic acid and its analogs, catechins, and quercetins.…”

“…It has a large seed similar to a nut. Its leaves and bark are used in traditional medicine to treat liver diseases and rheumatism [10]. The essential oil prepared by the distillation of peumo showed activity against Nosema ceranae, the originator of nosemosis in honeybee [11]; against insect Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, known as a maize weevil, causing significant loses during cereals' storage [12]; and against Musca domestica L. [13].…”

Mayten Tree Seed Oil: Nutritional Value Evaluation According to Antioxidant Capacity and Bioactive Properties

“…Quercetin (Q) was used as the standard, and results are expressed in mg QE (100 g) −1 of seed oil. Some specific phenolic acids and flavonoids, such as 4-hydroxy benzoic acid, apigenin, caffeic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, chrysin, coumaric acid, epigenin, ferulic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, luteolin, pinocembrin, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, sinapic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, and phytohormone abscisic acid were quantified through using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), according to the method described by Giordano et al (2019) [ 32 ], by interpolation from standard calibration curves.…”

Biological activity of native Myrtaceae fruits from Chile as a potential functional food

“…An ABSciex triple Quad 4500 mass spectrometer equipped with a Turbo V electrospray interface coupled to a Eksigent Ekspert Ultra LC100 with Ekspert Ultra LC100-XL autosampler system (AB/Sciex Concord, Ontario, Canada) was used for analysis as previously reported [3]. The chromatographic separation was carried out using gradient elution of 0.1% formic acid in water (A) and methanol (B) as mobile phase.…”