Variation of Land-Expropriated Farmers’ Willingness: A Perspective of Employment and Inhabitance

Abstract

Understanding land-expropriated farmers' welfare change and the determinants of their willingness to change is very important for sustainable urbanization and social stability in developing countries. However, this issue has been seldom explored in previous studies, especially in China. This paper aims to enrich this field by conducting an empirical study using a household survey in 2014 in Nanjing, a major city in the Yangtze River Delta. The impacts of land expropriation on the variation of land-expropriated farmers' employment and inhabitance are explored, while the determinants of land-expropriated farmers' willingness are estimated using ordered logistic regression. Results show that the land-expropriated farmers pay more attention to the changes of employment and inhabitance after land expropriation, rather than land expropriation itself. While employment aspects were key determinants of the farmers' willingness in 1996, factors relating to inhabitance aspects have become more important nowadays. Moreover, it is necessary to grasp the changing rules of land-expropriated farmers' interest appeals in order to adjust the compensation and resettlement policies according to local conditions. Thus, this will improve land-expropriated farmers' willingness. Meanwhile, the government should create a better expectation of employment and inhabitance after land expropriation for farmers. Furthermore, the government should also build a land expropriation information sharing and feedback mechanism in addition to improve the employment and housing security system.

Land acquisition, compensation, and expropriation practices in the Sabata Town, Ethiopia

“…This situation was shown to increase their consent significantly (Li et al, 2017). The results of this study, however, did not reveal such satisfaction by the expropriated farmers.…”

“…The results of this study showed that enjoying clean residence environment had significant negative association with willingness of the expropriated to change job and residence. This finding is not inconsistent with the results of Li et al (2017), who observed that the environmental variable and the farmers' consent showed significant positive correlations to change employment and inhabitance. Moreover, land expropriation had a negative impact on the land-lost farmer's health through income and psychological impacts (Wang et al, 2019a).…”

“…This suggests that the knowledge of the households to expropriate is very important. In consent to our observation Li et al (2017) the knowledge of farmers about expropriation was positively associated with the farmers' willingness to change employment in China. These authors also found that the farmers' knowledge of land expropriation is less than 10% significance test.…”

“…Expropriation of land is a critical issue globally because it makes it vulnerable to land grabbing and expropriation with poor or inadequate compensation (Deininger, 2003;Deininger & Byerlee, 2011;Sitko et al, 2014). This is because the constitutions of many countries give a legitimate state power to acquire land for development projects (Larbi et al, 2004;Li et al, 2017;Van Vliet, 2017). Although land acquisition system has improved urbanization and economic growth in China (Ding, 2007;Li et al, 2017), India (Li et al, 2017;Narain, 2009), Pakistan (Hull, 2008;Li et al, 2017) but led to several social, environmental, and health problems (Campbell et al, 2010;Fearnside, 2001;Ho, 2014;Hui & Bao, 2013;Jacobs, 2004;Kusiluka et al, 2011;Lakra & Jangra, 2014;Li et al, 2017;Marco-Thyse, 2006).…”

Factors Influencing Rural Households’ Decision-Making Behavior on Residential Relocation: Willingness and Destination

“…For example, Sun et al [45] investigated the factors influencing farmers' decision-making behavior in rural construction land transformation based on various aspects containing personal characteristics, family characteristics, construction land conditions, compensation for construction land consolidation, and expectation of transferring to cities. Notably, the changes in employment and residence after land expropriation [46] and the people-centered practices embedded in policy, planning, and implementation [47], rather than resettlement or relocation itself, may be the decisive factors influencing farmers' decision-making behavior of relocation.…”