Variation of HbA1c affects cognition and white matter microstructure in healthy, young adults

Repple, Jonathan; Karliczek, Greta; Meinert, Susanne; Foerster, Katharina; Grotegerd, Dominik; Goltermann, Janik; Arolt, Volker; Baune, Bernhard T.; Dannlowski, Udo

doi:10.1101/507186

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level which reflects the glycemic control status of approximately the previous 3 months was recorded. A HbA1c percentage of 6.5% was considered the cut point for diagnosis of diabetes [8,23]. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded.…”

Section: Data Collection Methods Socio-demographic and Diabetes-relatementioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Naguib

Soliman

Neimatallah

et al. 2020

Middle East Curr Psychiatry

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Background The incidence of cognitive impairment (CI) is higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The association between DM and CI and the risk factors for CI need to be addressed to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients with DM and to identify the potential risk factors. The study is a cross-sectional study using a convenient sample of 269 subjects. Sociodemographic diabetes-related variables including biochemical markers were collected. CI and diabetes-related distress (DRD) were assessed using the Arabic version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA) and the Diabetes Distress Screening Scale respectively. Results Overall, 80.3% had cognitive impairment while 33.8% had severe impairment. Older age, female gender, low level of education, and low income were associated with CI; duration of diabetes and DRD were associated with CI while ophthalmic complications were associated with severe CI. Duration of diabetes was inversely associated with CI. Level of HbA1c was significantly higher in patients with severe CI, and the probability of CI increased as the level of HbA1c increased. Low level of education was associated with severe CI, and CI was two times more likely among patients with DRD. Conclusion CI was higher than worldwide figures. Elderly females with low educational level, long duration of DM, and low socioeconomic status are at more risk. The probability of severe CI increased with increased level of HbA1c. Screening for CI in patients with diabetes along with intervention programs while considering the DRD and the level of HbA1c is crucial.

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Section: Data Collection Methods Socio-demographic and Diabetes-relatementioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Naguib

Soliman

Neimatallah

et al. 2020

Middle East Curr Psychiatry

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“…A vast amount of literature suggests that disturbances in glucose metabolism, ranging from hyperglycemia and insulin resistance to manifest diabetes, are associated with decreased GMV in middle-aged and older adults (Benedict et al, 2012; Kerti et al, 2013; Moran et al, 2013; Biessels and Reijmer, 2014; Reitz et al, 2016; Shaw et al, 2017; Repple et al, 2018). Insulin resistance might be one mediator of this association given the role of insulin in memory facilitation and regulation of amyloid-β (Craft, 2005; Blázquez et al, 2014; Cheke et al, 2017) in the brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Metabolic Obesity Profile Is Associated With Decreased Gray Matter Volume in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults

Beyer

Masouleh

Kratzsch

et al. 2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Obesity is a risk factor for cognitive decline and gray matter volume loss in aging. Studies have shown that different metabolic factors, e.g., dysregulated glucose metabolism and systemic inflammation, might mediate this association. Yet, even though these risk factors tend to co-occur, they have mostly been investigated separately, making it difficult to establish their joint contribution to gray matter volume structure in aging. Here, we therefore aimed to determine a metabolic profile of obesity that takes into account different anthropometric and metabolic measures to explain differences in gray matter volume in aging. We included 748 elderly, cognitively healthy participants (age range: 60 – 79 years, BMI range: 17 – 42 kg/m 2 ) of the LIFE-Adult Study. All participants had complete information on body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, glycated hemoglobin, total blood cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, adiponectin and leptin. Voxelwise gray matter volume was extracted from T1-weighted images acquired on a 3T Siemens MRI scanner. We used partial least squares correlation to extract latent variables with maximal covariance between anthropometric, metabolic and gray matter volume and applied permutation/bootstrapping and cross-validation to test significance and reliability of the result. We further explored the association of the latent variables with cognitive performance. Permutation tests and cross-validation indicated that the first pair of latent variables was significant and reliable. The metabolic profile was driven by negative contributions from body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, glycated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein and leptin and a positive contribution from adiponectin. It positively covaried with gray matter volume in temporal, frontal and occipital lobe as well as subcortical regions and cerebellum. This result shows that a metabolic profile characterized by high body fat, visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation is associated with reduced gray matter volume and potentially reduced executive function in older adults. We observed the highest contributions for body weight and fat mass, which indicates that factors underlying sustained energy imbalance, like sedentary lifestyle or intake of energy-dense food, might be important determinants of gray matter structure in aging.

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“…Most of these previous studies have examined mid or later adulthood. Along with a small set of previous studies (Aberg et al, 2009;Repple et al, 2018;Williamson et al, 2018;Opel et al, 2019;Repple et al, 2019), we bring attention to the fact that modifiable risk factors, such as BMI, correlate with brain health even in young adulthood. Our results support a lifespan perspective on neurocognitive aging, in which it may be fruitful to intervene many decades prior to the onset of cognitive impairment to effectively reduce negative impacts of cognitive aging (Moffitt et al, 2016;Tucker-Drob, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under this proposed directionality, it may be helpful to remediate decision-making processes in order to promote healthful behavior or structure the environment to support healthful behaviors and reduce the reliance of individual decision-making (Hall and Fong, 2015;Hall, 2016), all with the intent of reducing obesity. Alternatively, BMI might impact brain structure via cardiometabolic effects, including inflammation and hypertension (Williamson et al, 2018;Repple et al, 2019). Interventions to reduce BMI might have the added benefit of improving brain structure, especially white matter integrity, though evidence from clinical trials is lacking (Wassenaar et al, 2019).…”

Section: Behavioral Genetics Of Body Composition and Brain Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Physical Fitness and Brain Structure in Young Adulthood

Best

Dao

Churchill

et al. 2020

Preprint

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A comprehensive analysis of associations between physical fitness and brain structure in young adulthood is lacking, and further, it is unclear the degree to which associations between physical fitness and brain health can be attributed to a common genetic pathway or to environmental factors that jointly influences physical fitness and brain health. This study examined genotype- confirmed monozygotic and dizygotic twins, along with non-twin full-siblings to estimate the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to variation within, and covariation between, physical fitness and brain structure. Participants were 1065 young adults between the ages of 22 and 36 from open-access Young Adult Human Connectome Project (YA-HCP). Physical fitness was assessed by submaximal endurance (two-minute walk test), grip strength, and body mass in- dex. Brain structure was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging on a Siemens 3T customized Connectome Skyra at Washington University in St. Louis, using a 32-channel Siemens head coil. Acquired T1-weighted images provided measures of cortical surface area and thickness, and sub- cortical volume following processing by the YA-HCP structural FreeSurfer pipeline. Diffusion weighted imaging was acquired to assess white matter tract integrity, as measured by fractional anisotropy, following processing by the YA-HCP diffusion pipeline and tensor fit. Following cor- rection for multiple testing, body mass index was negatively associated with fractional anisotropy in various white matter regions of interest (all |z| statistics > 3.9) and positively associated with cortical thickness within the right superior parietal lobe (z statistic = 4.6). Performance-based measures of fitness (i.e., endurance and grip strength) were not associated with any structural neuroimaging markers. Behavioral genetic analysis suggested that heritability of white matter integrity varied by region, but consistently explained >50% of the phenotypic variation. Heri- tability of right superior parietal thickness was large (~75% variation). Heritability of body mass index was also fairly large (~60% variation). Generally, 1/2 to 2/3 of the correlation between brain structure and body mass index could be attributed to heritability effects. Overall, this study suggests that greater body mass index is associated with lower white matter integrity, which may be due to common genetic effects that impact body composition and white matter integrity.

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Variation of HbA1c affects cognition and white matter microstructure in healthy, young adults

Cited by 8 publications

References 57 publications

Cognitive impairment among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Cognitive impairment among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

A Metabolic Obesity Profile Is Associated With Decreased Gray Matter Volume in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults

Associations Between Physical Fitness and Brain Structure in Young Adulthood

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