Variation of green liquor dregs from different pulp and paper mills for use in mine waste remediation

Jia, Yu; Hamberg, Roger; Qureshi, Asif; Mäkitalo, Maria; Maurice, Christian

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-06180-0

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This parameter has not been reported much in the literature. Nevertheless, the hydraulic conductivity measured for GLD vary from 3.7 × 10 −9 -4.6 × 10 −8 m/s, which is a low value and similar to those of silt or muddy moraine [4].…”

Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…In the literature, diverse studies addressed the leaching of these wastes. Jia et al [4] analyzed the leaching of GLD regarding Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Si, Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, and SO 4 2− [4]. The leaching solutions of GLD revealed low Eh, high pH and EC, and thus low mobility of metals.…”

Section: Potentially Toxic Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GLD exhibited high buffering capacity [4] at low dosages of 1 g/L [55] for remediation of acid mine drainage.…”

Section: Acid Mine Drainage Remediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study is focused on the main inorganic solid wastes that require an environmentally friendly solution: green liquor dregs (GLD), slaker grits (SG), lime mud (LM) and boiler fly ash (BFA). These wastes have been produced in high quantities, and landfill has been the main disposal method [4,5]. According to the EU List of Waste (Commission Decision 2014/955/EU), the assignment of codes to GLD is 03 03 02, SG 03 03 09, LM 03 03 09 and BFA 10 01 01, all of them classified as non-hazardous waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inorganic Waste Generated in Kraft Pulp Mills: The Transition from Landfill to Industrial Applications

Quina

Pinheiro

2020

Applied Sciences

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Kraft pulp mills produce the main raw material for paper, while several waste products are generated in large quantities in the process. This review study addresses four of the main inorganic wastes formed by this industry, namely green liquor dregs (GLD), slaker grits (SG), lime mud (LM) and boiler fly ash (BFA), which are still mostly discarded in landfills. A brief overview of a typical industrial process was included to outline the waste generation points. The main chemical and physical properties are indicated for highlighting the most relevant characteristics to determine which applications may be considered in each case. An in-depth literature review allowed the identification of the main applications that have been tested mainly at the laboratory scale and some at an industrial scale. The applications are grouped into construction materials, geotechnical, environmental, agricultural and others. This assessment shows that the circular economy and the sustainable development goals of the UN are important issues for organizations in general, and the pulp mill in particular. In fact, this industry has managed to close the chemicals loops, recover energy and reduce water consumption in the process. However, the current situation of inorganic waste can still be improved if industrial applications are developed to avoid landfill.

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Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Potentially Toxic Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GLD exhibited high buffering capacity [4] at low dosages of 1 g/L [55] for remediation of acid mine drainage.…”

Section: Acid Mine Drainage Remediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inorganic Waste Generated in Kraft Pulp Mills: The Transition from Landfill to Industrial Applications

Quina

Pinheiro

2020

Applied Sciences

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“…The peaks at 2θ angles between and 30° refer to the crystalline fraction of calcite (CaCO3). Besides of that, there were small amounts of other minerals, such as perovskite (Ca4Ti4O12), dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2), quartz (SiO2), and manganite (Mn4O8H4) (Mymrin et al, 2016;Jia et al, 2019;Wolff, 2008;Quina and Pinheiro, 2020). Nevertheless, as any industrial leftover, the particle size and composition of a dregs waste may vary depending on the applied process, environmental and, storage conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Cr(III) From Water By Polyurethane Foam Incorporated With Green Liquor Dregs Waste

Schoeler

Afonso

Delucis

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Water bodies contaminated by heavy metals cause a series of severe environmental and health issues. Chromium compounds stand out as one of the main contaminants since they are widely used by several industries. The low efficiency of effluent treatment facilities and the expensive sanitation procedures needed to remove metals from the water lead to serious concerns about the water quality in Brazil. In this study, a rigid polyurethane foam incorporated with green liquor dregs waste was prepared by the free expansion method. The foam composite and its isolated phases were evaluated for removing Cr(III) from water. The isolated dregs removed 81.93% of the Cr(III), which yielded a removal capacity of 135.45 mg·g-1. Whereas, the foam composite displayed Cr(III) removal percentage and capacity of 36.15% and 58.50 mg·g-1, respectively. Results suggests that the hybrid material may be considered for selective removal and extraction of Cr(III) from contaminated water.

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Leaching phosphorous from the lime mud of kraft pulp mills: Towards sustainability

Mousavi,

DeMartini

2024

Can J Chem Eng

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The optimum conditions needed to separate phosphorus from the lime mud generated in kraft pulp mills were identified using different leaching solutions including carbonate, bicarbonate, and green liquor under variety of conditions. Carbonate ions seemed to be the active ion in the phosphorus leaching process. Bicarbonate solution seems to be the most effective leaching agent by removing 84% of phosphorus under the optimum operating conditions of 95°C, 2.92 m, and solution‐to‐ mud mass ratio of 3.6. The shrinking core model was used to determine the leaching mechanism and it showed that the leaching process is controlled by a mix of chemical reaction and diffusion through the particle. Two empirical models were developed to predict the leaching efficiency as a function of carbonate concentration and temperature. Counter‐current leaching was shown to be beneficial in increasing the leaching efficiency with the carbonate solutions.

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Variation of green liquor dregs from different pulp and paper mills for use in mine waste remediation

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Inorganic Waste Generated in Kraft Pulp Mills: The Transition from Landfill to Industrial Applications

Inorganic Waste Generated in Kraft Pulp Mills: The Transition from Landfill to Industrial Applications

Removal of Cr(III) From Water By Polyurethane Foam Incorporated With Green Liquor Dregs Waste

Leaching phosphorous from the lime mud of kraft pulp mills: Towards sustainability

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