Variation of Facial Soft Tissue Thickness in Nepalese Adult  Orthodontic Subjects

Mahto, Ravi Kumar; Kafle, Dashrath; Singh, Pankaj Kumar; Khanal, Sonika; Khanal, Shankar

doi:10.3126/ojn.v8i2.23067

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Safarzadeh et al [ 23 ] compared the soft tissue thickness difference between male and female patients in various anterior-posterior skeletal classifications and found that soft tissue thickness at subnasale was highest for Class III followed by Class II and Class I for female patients. Similar study done by Mahto et al [ 24 ] also found greater soft tissue thickness at subnasale for Class III compared with Class I and Class II. These results too are in agreement with the result of this study for BULT, whereas BLLT and LLT were highest for Class II (9.86 ± 1.77; 12.64 ± 3.25) and lowest for Class I malocclusion (9.66 ± 1.64; 12.17 ± 3.18).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

A Retrospective Study Comparing Nose, Lip, and Chin Morphology in Class I, Class II, and Class III Skeletal Relationships in Patients Visiting to the Department of Orthodontics, BPKIHS: A Cephalometric Study

Chaudhary

Giri

Gyawali

et al. 2022

International Journal of Dentistry

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Background. With the changing paradigm from primarily hard tissue to soft tissue evaluation for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, the priority has shifted to bring about improvement in the profile and smile characteristics of patients. Since not only the esthetics but also the stability of orthodontic treatment is largely determined by the soft tissue envelope, proper positioning of the soft tissue drape becomes paramount. Soft tissues of face, namely, nose, lips, and chin, are of paramount importance not only from an esthetic but also from functional and treatment stability points. Objective. To determine the morphological variation of lips, nose, and chin in different skeletal malocclusions. Materials and Methods. Lateral cephalograms of 237 patients visiting the department of orthodontics, BPKIHS, were taken, hand traced on matt acetate tracing paper of 0.002″ thickness with 0.3-mm 2B pencil. Samples were divided into 3 skeletal classes based on ANB angle. Measurements were made in relation to the nose, lips, and chin. Data were inserted in to SPSS and analyzed statistically using descriptive statistics, and mean and standard deviation was calculated for each variable. Multiple comparison between groups was done with post hoc Bonferroni test with mean difference significant at p < 0.05 . Result. On intergroup comparison, a significant difference was found for upper lip thickness (ULT) between Class II and Class III, and lower lip length (LLL) between Class I and Class III, and between Class II and Class III. Significant difference for nasolabial angle (NLA) was found between Class II and Class III. Similarly, a significant difference for the vertical chin parameter (CTV) was found between Class I and Class III, and between Class II and Class III. Conclusion. Both upper and lower lip thicknesses were highest for Class III followed by Class I and Class II, respectively. Lip lengths too were found to be highest for Class III skeletal relation. Nasolabial angle was larger in Class II malocclusion when compared to Class I and Class III. Similarly, both nasal length and nasal height measurements were in the order of Class III > Class II > Class I. Both horizontal and vertical chin parameters were larger for Class III sagittal relation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

A Retrospective Study Comparing Nose, Lip, and Chin Morphology in Class I, Class II, and Class III Skeletal Relationships in Patients Visiting to the Department of Orthodontics, BPKIHS: A Cephalometric Study

Chaudhary

Giri

Gyawali

et al. 2022

International Journal of Dentistry

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“…Intraobserver variation in measurements performed in a week interval was statistically analyzed using Greater thickness of lips in males could be the contributing factor for the prominent lips in male Brahmins. 13 Pogonion to nasion perpendicular which signifies the chin position indicates posteriorly positioned chin in male Brahmins than female Brahmins, could be the contributing factor for females to have prominent lower lips than males. 14…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lip Prominence Using Different Reference Planes

Pradhan¹,

Rajbhandari²,

Bajracharya³

et al. 2019

Orthod J Nepal

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Introduction: Facial beauty lies on lip prominence which in turn is the reflection of dental and skeletal relation of the jaws beside the lip morphology. Thus, orthodontist has control over lip prominence to enhance beauty by altering skeletal and dental relation. Hence analyzing lip prominence is essential for the success of orthodontic treatment. The aim of the present study is to determine lip prominence using different reference planes and secondly to assess sexual differences in lip prominence. Materials & Method: lateral cephalograms of 43 (23 males and 20 females) Brahmins aged 18 - 27 years were collected. They were having dentally: Angle’s Class I molar and canine relation with normal overjet and overbite and skeletally: normal jaw relationship, symmetric face with acceptable facial profile, without craniofacial abnormalities. Linear distance was measured in lateral cephalograms from most prominent point of the lip to reference planes of different analysis system. Comparative test was conducted within Brahmins to check gender diversity at significance level p ≤ 0.05. Result: Comparison of lip prominence of male and female Brahmins were found to have no statistically significant differences except for the upper lip to Burstone B line (p ≤ 0.05) and lower lip to Holdaway H line (p ≤ 0.05). When means of males and females were compared males were found to have more protrusive lips. The Result of this study indicates protrusive lips of Brahmins compared to the established norms of Caucasians as analyzed with reference plane of different analysis system namely Ricketts, Steiners and Burstones. Sushners analysis showed retrusive lips indicating retrusive lips of Brahmins as compared with Black population. Conclusion: During orthodontic treatment planning lip prominence should be emphasized based on gender and ethnicity.

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Variation of Facial Soft Tissue Thickness in Nepalese Adult Orthodontic Subjects

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

A Retrospective Study Comparing Nose, Lip, and Chin Morphology in Class I, Class II, and Class III Skeletal Relationships in Patients Visiting to the Department of Orthodontics, BPKIHS: A Cephalometric Study

A Retrospective Study Comparing Nose, Lip, and Chin Morphology in Class I, Class II, and Class III Skeletal Relationships in Patients Visiting to the Department of Orthodontics, BPKIHS: A Cephalometric Study

Lip Prominence Using Different Reference Planes

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