Variation of calcium, copper and iron levels in serum, bile and stone samples of patients having different types of gallstone: A comparative study

Khan, Muslim; Kazi, Tasneem Gul; Afridi, Hassan Imran; Sirajuddin, Sirajuddin; Bilal, Muhammad; Akhtar, Asma; Khan, Sabir; Kadar, S

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2017.06.012

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Crystal structures and ITC binding of the MNoV P domain with CD300lf showed that either magnesium or calcium can support complex formation. Of particular interest, Ca 2+ is present in high concentrations in bile ( 47 ), making it reasonable to propose that calcium might be present at sites of MNoV infection ( 48 ). It is intriguing to speculate that the availability of divalent cations in the body, which may not be available in the environment, might foster infectivity of the virus once it reaches its target.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural basis for murine norovirus engagement of bile acids and the CD300lf receptor

Nelson

Wilen

Dai

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

211

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SignificanceThe mechanisms of norovirus capsid interactions with host receptors and the mechanisms by which soluble cofactors augment norovirus infection are not understood. We recently identified CD300lf as a cell surface receptor for murine norovirus (MNoV) and observed that a small molecule cofactor was critical for efficient binding of virus to CD300lf. Herein we identify the bile acid GCDCA as a cofactor enhancing MNoV infection and provide a biophysical characterization of the capsid–receptor and capsid–cofactor interactions, thereby providing a structure-based understanding of how noroviruses initiate cellular infection. This work has important implications for the design of norovirus therapeutics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural basis for murine norovirus engagement of bile acids and the CD300lf receptor

Nelson

Wilen

Dai

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

211

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“…Cu 2+ ions can coordinate with N atoms in the pyrrole ring and lactam ring to form copper bilirubinate complex; meanwhile, under the catalysis of Cu 2+ ion, bilirubin is oxidized by free radicals. Following this, bilirubin is crossed as a polymer with a large conjugated system by Ca bridge, thus creating pigment parts of gallstones with black and deep brown appearance, as can be seen in Figure …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outer parts of gallstones generally have white and yellowish color that indicates the presence of cholesterol, calcium carbonate, and calcium phosphate at this part of the stones. As far as the center part is concerned, the first cholesterol core is formed before Cu 2+ and Ca 2+ ions interact with bile pigment to form calcium/copper bilirubinate . The formation of bilirubinate salts is responsible for the black and brownish color of the central parts of gallstones, which may further triggered by heavy and trace metals for growth of the gallstones.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and quantification of heavy metal elements in gallstones using X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry

Jaswal

Kumar²,

Singh

et al. 2019

X-Ray Spectrometry

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Gallbladder cancer, which is associated with the heavy metal toxicity, is one of the most dangerous malignancies. High occurrence of gallstones in the gallbladder is a well-recognized risk factor for gallbladder cancer. Accumulation of heavy and toxic metals in the biliary system is one of the main causes of gallstone formation and leads to gallbladder cancer if it remains untreated. In this work, we investigate heavy and toxic metals in gallstones to identify their association as potential risk factors for gallbladder cancer. Detection and quantification of the heavy and toxic chemicals present in gallstones are important to define etiopathogenic factors that, in turn, are useful to identify preventive and therapeutic strategies. We quantified the heavy metals in gallstones collected from patients of different age groups and dietary habits. We carried out chemical composition studies of trace and heavy metal elements present in gallstones by applying Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WD-XRF) spectrometry. We also compared our experimental results with the results obtained from atomic absorption spectroscopy, as well as values previously reported in literature. These findings demonstrate the potential of WD-XRF spectrometry and FTIR spectroscopy as important emerging diagnostic tools in the field of gastroenterology.

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“…The sodium bicarbonate cotransporter SLC4A5 plays an important role in the recovery of cerebrospinal fluid pH during hypercapnia-induced acidosis, which can protect the brain from acid damage ( Christensen et al, 2018 ). In gallbladder diseases, some elements in bile (such as Ca 2+ , Fe 3+ , Cu 2+ ) are very significant in the development of GD ( Khan et al, 2017 ). The higher density and pH value of bile and the higher concentration of transition elements may be important factors for the formation of different types of GD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Study Between Polymorphic Loci in Cholesterol Metabolism Pathway and Gallstone in the Tibetan Population

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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Background: The incidence of gallstones in the Tibetan population is increasing rapidly. Previous studies indicated that genetic variation located in the cholesterol metabolism pathway may be associated with the incidence of gallstones.Methods: By recruiting 132 Tibetan gallstone patients and 52 normal Tibetan controls, we performed next-generation sequencing for 508 genes in the cholesterol metabolism pathway. Additionally, by integrating the sequence data of 41 normal Tibetan subjects in the public database, we finally obtained 93 normal Tibetan controls. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) calling were performed by using the GATK pipeline. The quality control criteria for SNPs were: missing rate <0.05; minor allele frequency (MAF) > 0.01; and p value >0.001 in the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) test. To eliminate the influence of population heterogeneity, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out by using the smartpca software. Association analyses were performed by Plink software. Multiple tests were adjusted by the false discovery rate (FDR) method.Results: A total of 2,401 SNPs were obtained by analyzing 508 genes, and 2,011 SNPs left after quality control. After adjusting the eigen vectors, we found that 10 SNPs (SNV05997, rs80145081, rs80005560, rs79074685, rs748546375, rs201880593, rs142559357, rs750769471, rs869789 and rs4072341) were significantly associated with gallstone. Subsequently, by comparing the case group with our control group and the public database control group separately, we further found that the SNP rs869789 was consistently significantly associated with gallstone (p = 9.04 × 10–3 in cases vs. our controls and 5.73 × 10–3 in cases vs. public controls, respectively).Conclusion: By systematically analyzed SNPs in the cholesterol metabolism pathway, we identified one polymorphic locus rs869789 significantly associated with the pathogenesis of gallstone in the Tibetan population. This study will provide clue for further mechanism study of gallstone in the Tibetan population.

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Variation of calcium, copper and iron levels in serum, bile and stone samples of patients having different types of gallstone: A comparative study

Abstract: The higher density and pH of bile, elevated concentrations of transition elements in all types of biological samples (serum, bile and GS), could be an important factor for the formation of different types of GS.

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Structural basis for murine norovirus engagement of bile acids and the CD300lf receptor

Structural basis for murine norovirus engagement of bile acids and the CD300lf receptor

Detection and quantification of heavy metal elements in gallstones using X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry

Association Study Between Polymorphic Loci in Cholesterol Metabolism Pathway and Gallstone in the Tibetan Population

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