Variation of Biological and Biochemical Parameters in Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment at the Maradi Regional Hospital during 2021-2022

Abstract

Aims: To follow the variation of some biological and biochemical parameters in HIV-infected patients under antiretroviral treatment at the Maradi Regional Hospital.
 Study Design: Retrospective and prospective study
 Study Location and Duration: Maradi Regional Hospital; from August 2021 to April 2021, a duration of 9 months.
 Methodology: We followed the variation of some immunological and biochemical parameters in patients living with HIV, evaluated the CD4+ T cell counts, the viral load, the leukocyte count, and carried out the measurement of haemoglobin, glycaemia, creatinemia, and ALAT levels in the blood at the follow-up visits (month 0 (M0), month 3 (M3), and month 6 (M6)), except for the viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts, which were measured at M0 and M6, and the HBsAg test at M0.
 Results: 99 patients were included in this study. The sex ratio was 2.6 in favour of females. At enrolment, 63.6% of patients had a CD4+ T-cell count < 200/mm³, 56.6% had anaemia, 40.4% had hypoglycaemia and there was a significant increase in patients with an undetectable viral load from enrolment to the last visit at M6. At the end of the study, we observed an improvement in CD4+ T-cell counts, haemoglobin, glycaemia and viral load at each subsequent visit. We did not observe any significant evolution of creatinemia and alanine aminotransferase rate.
 Conclusion: At the end of the study, we observed an improvement in CD4+ T-cell count, glycaemia, haemoglobin and viral load. We did not observe any particular change in the biochemical parameters of creatinemia and ALAT levels. This shows the non-toxicity of the antiretroviral treatments. Finally, we observed some difficulties in our study which deserve to be improved.