Variation in Wingless Insect Trace Fossils: Insights From Neoichnology and the Pennsylvanian of Massachussetts

Getty, Patrick R.; Sproule, Robert; Wagner, David L.; Bush, Andrew M.

doi:10.2110/palo.2012.p12-108r

Cited by 22 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Terrestrial arthropods contribute to soil formation by burrowing through and manipulating sediment as they make shelter, find food, and create places for reproduction (Smith and Hasiotis, 2008;Counts and Hasiotis, 2009;Hembree, 2009;Halfen and Hasiotis, 2010;Melchor et al, 2010;Fairchild and Hasiotis, 2011;Getty et al, 2013;Mikuś and Uchman, 2013;Hembree, 2013;Bowen and Hembree, 2014;Hembree, 2014). Ratcliffe and Fagerstrom (1980) provided some examples of the types of continental biogenic structures produced by several extant soil arthropods and the purposes of these structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoichnology of the burrowing spiders Gorgyrella inermis (Mygalomorphae: Idiopidae) and Hogna lenta(Araneomorphae: Lycosidae)

Hils

Hembree

2015

Palaeontologia Electronica

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Burrowing arachnids are important to modern soil ecosystems, but knowledge of these animals in ancient soil ecosystems is limited. In this study, two species of burrowing spiders were studied: Gorgyrella inermis (South African trapdoor spider) and Hogna lenta (field wolf spider). Individuals of each species were studied to investigate their burrowing techniques and behaviors and to categorize the morphologies of their burrows. Experiments were run with variations in sediment density and sediment moisture to evaluate the effects of environmental conditions on burrow morphology. Seven burrow architectures were produced by the spiders: vertical shafts, vertical shafts with terminal chambers, subvertical shafts, subvertical shafts with terminal chambers, Jshaped burrows, Y-shaped burrows, and isolated chambers. All burrow architectures share common features that make them identifiable as spider burrows. Sediment density and moisture had little influence on burrow morphology, but architecture diversity was greatest in sediments of moderate density and moisture. Results from this study show that spiders produce unique biogenic structures that can be distinguished from the burrows of other soil organisms. Data collected from this study can be used to better interpret the paleoecology and evolutionary history of spiders and soil arthropods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoichnology of the burrowing spiders Gorgyrella inermis (Mygalomorphae: Idiopidae) and Hogna lenta(Araneomorphae: Lycosidae)

Hils

Hembree

2015

Palaeontologia Electronica

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“…Angles to midline were assigned positive values if the track was oriented posterolaterally and negative values if the track was oriented posteromedially. Morphometric analyses using track length and width were conducted to determine the uniqueness of the various The preservation of medial drags in some specimens, including ACM.ICH 300, indicates that the differences between these two ichnogenera do not result from undertracking (in contrast to the views of Lucas et al 2006 andBraddy 2009), because these features are the first parts of arthropod trackways lost as a result of undertracking and similar phenomena (e.g., Goldring and Seilacher, 1971;Getty et al 2013). Hitchcock (1858Hitchcock ( , 1865 (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<EM>Bifurculapes</EM> Hitchcock 1858: a revision of the ichnogenus

Getty¹

2017

atgeol

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Characters differentiating the arthropod trackway Bifurculapes from the similar ichnogenera Lithographus and Copeza include the position, arrangement and orientation of the tracks within the series. Of the five species of Bifurculapes originally described, only Bifurculapes laqueatus and Bifurculapes scolopendroideus are recognized herein; the other three ichnospecies are considered to be nomina dubia or junior subjective synonyms of Bifurculapes laqueatus. Two new specimens, recovered from the Early Jurassic East Berlin Formation of the Hartford Basin in Holyoke, Massachusetts, represent only the second unequivocal occurrence of the ichnogenus outside of the Deerfield Basin. Bifurculapes is currently known only from the Early Jurassic. RÉSUMÉLes caractéristiques qui différencient la piste d'arthropode Bifurculapes des ichnogenres Lithographus et Copeza similaires sont la position, la disposition et l' orientation des traces à l'intérieur de la série. Parmi les cinq espèces de Bifurculapes originalement décrites, seules Bifurculapes laqueatus et Bifurculapes scolopendroideus sont ici reconnues. Les trois autres ichnoespèces sont considérées comme nomina dubia ou comme synonymes subjectifs plus récents de Bifurculapes laqueatus. Les deux nouveaux spécimens trouvés dans la formation du Jurassique précoce d'East Berlin dans le bassin de Hartford, à Holyoke, au Massachusetts, représentent seulement la seconde présence sans équivoque de l'ichnogenre à l' extérieur du bassin de Deerfield. À l'heure actuelle, Bifurculapes n' est associé qu'au Jurassique précoce.

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“…Sedimentary rocks in the basin consist of conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones, shales, and coal sequences that are interpreted to have formed in an alluvial fan system with meandering streams, floodplains, and swamps (Towe 1959). Previous workers have identified raindrop imprints and vertebrate tracks on bedding surfaces at several locations within the basin (Shaler et al 1899;Woodworth 1900;Lull 1920;Willard and Cleaves 1930;Stanley 1968;Skehan et al 1979;Getty et al 2013).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrodeformation of Carboniferous Trace Fossils From the Narragansett Basin, United States, Using Raindrop Imprints and Bedding-Cleavage Intersection Lineation as Strain Markers

Fichman

Crespi

Getty

et al. 2015

PALAIOS

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Variation in Wingless Insect Trace Fossils: Insights From Neoichnology and the Pennsylvanian of Massachussetts

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Neoichnology of the burrowing spiders Gorgyrella inermis (Mygalomorphae: Idiopidae) and Hogna lenta(Araneomorphae: Lycosidae)

Neoichnology of the burrowing spiders Gorgyrella inermis (Mygalomorphae: Idiopidae) and Hogna lenta(Araneomorphae: Lycosidae)

<EM>Bifurculapes</EM> Hitchcock 1858: a revision of the ichnogenus

Retrodeformation of Carboniferous Trace Fossils From the Narragansett Basin, United States, Using Raindrop Imprints and Bedding-Cleavage Intersection Lineation as Strain Markers

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