IntroductionGeographical variations in incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer suggest that the known risk factors for breast cancer may vary in different parts of the world and that environmental factors are of greater importance than genetic factors [1]. For instance, in Iran it has been shown that, even after adjusting for age, young women are at relatively higher risk for developing breast cancer than are their Western counterparts [2]. Thus, study of risk factors for breast cancer in Iranian women is important and might contribute to current knowledge on this important topic. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between reproductive and other risk factors for breast cancer in Iranian women.
MethodA case-control study was conducted from April 1997 to April 1998 (one complete calendar year) in Tehran, Iran. The cases were incident, newly diagnosed breast cancer patients living in Tehran, and they were entered into the study if they had a confirmed pathological breast cancer diagnosis and were admitted to the Imam University Hospital (a large teaching and general hospital in the central district of Tehran) for breast surgery. The control women were recruited from female patients living in Tehran without any history of breast problems or neoplastic disease admitted to the same hospital for a wide spectrum of general surgical procedures. Women with hysterectomy and artificial menopause were excluded from the study. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio. Available online http://breast-cancer-research.com/content/4/5/R10 Abstract Background: Iranian breast cancer patients are relatively younger than their Western counterparts. The objective of the present study was to investigate risk factors for breast cancer in Iranian women. Method: A case-control study was conducted from April 1997 to April 1998 in Tehran, Iran. Demographical data and risk factor related information were collected using a short structured questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from logistic regression analysis. Results: In all, 286 women with breast cancer and 249 control women were interviewed. In multivariate analysis, only marital status (never married: OR 4.24, 95% CI 1.70-10.57 [P = 0.002]; widowed/divorced: OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.05-2.68 [P = 0.03]) and family history (positive family history of breast cancer: OR 2.95, 95% CI 1.15-7.59 [P = 0.02]) were associated with significantly increased risk for breast cancer.
Conclusion:The findings of the present study suggest that family history and marital status may have an impact on the incidence of breast cancer in Iranian women.