Variation in the fruit development gene POINTED TIP regulates protuberance of tomato fruit tip

Song, Jianwen; Shang, Lele; Li, Changxing; Wang, Wenqian; Wang, Xin; Zhang, Chunli; Ai, Guo; Ye, Jie; Yang, Changxian; Li, Hanxia; Hong, Zonglie; Larkin, Robert M.; Ye, Zhibiao; Zhang, Junhong

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33648-4

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…After owering, the concave shape of the ovary top became increasingly obvious (Eldridge et al 2016). The pointed tip of tomato plants also gradually appears after owering (Song et al 2022). Therefore, the process of fruit tip shape formation varies among different species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ectopic expression of IND in the bulge zone caused the auxin content to increase at this site compared with that in the depression region, which ultimately led to heart-shaped fruits in Capsella (Dong et al 2019;Łangowski et al 2016). In tomato, the latest research revealed that a single base mutation from A to G in the third exon of the PT gene caused pointed tip fruit to form, ultimately determining fruit shape (Song et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of CaPCR1, an OFP gene involved in pointed vs. concave fruit tip regulation in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using recombinant inbred lines

Liu,

Zhou,

Gao

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The concave shape of the fruit tip in pepper plants is highly susceptible to drought and low temperature stresses, resulting in the appearance of a pointed tip fruit, which affects its commercial value. However, few studies on the process of fruit tip development and regulatory genes in pepper have been reported. Herein, the developmental process of the ovary before flowering, especially changes in the shape of the ovary tip, was studied in detail. The results showed that the final fruit tip shape was consistent with the ovary tip shape before flowering, and a concave tip shape gradually developed. F4 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were constructed to map the genes regulating fruit tip shape through hybridization of the LRS and SBS pepper inbred lines. CaPCR1 (Capana12g002165), an OFP (OVATE Family Protein) family gene, was located in the candidate region on chr12. Three SNPs were found in the protein coding sequence of CaPCR1 between SBS and LRS, but only one SNP led to amino acid variation. Sequence variations, including base replacements, deletions and insertions, were also detected in the gene promoter region. The relative expression level of the CaPCR1 gene was significantly greater in the concave tip ovary than in the pointed tip ovary. qRT‒PCR analysis revealed that the CaPCR1 gene was expressed mainly in the gynoecium, placenta and green fruit pericarp, which was consistent with its function in ovary and fruit development. Taken together, these results suggested that CaPCR1 is a candidate gene involved in fruit tip shape determination in pepper.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of CaPCR1, an OFP gene involved in pointed vs. concave fruit tip regulation in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using recombinant inbred lines

Liu,

Zhou,

Gao

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The same sequence without FAM label served as the competition probe. The EMSA assay was performed essentially as described [ 87 ]. Purified SlZF3-MBP protein was incubated with the probe for 30 minutes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SlZF3 regulates tomato plant height by directly repressing SlGA20ox4 in the gibberellic acid biosynthesis pathway

Luo

Tang

Chu

et al. 2023

Horticulture Research

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Plant height is an important target trait for crop genetic improvement. Our previous work has identified a salt-tolerant C2H2 zinc finger, SlZF3, and its overexpression lines also showed a semi-dwarf phenotype, but the molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we characterized the dwarf phenotype in detail. The dwarfism is caused by the decrease of stem internode cell elongation and deficiency of bioactive gibberellic acids (GAs), which can be rescued by exogenous GA3 treatment. Gene expression assays detected reduced expression of genes in the GA biosynthesis pathway of the overexpression lines, including SlGA20ox4. Several protein-DNA interaction methods confirmed that SlZF3 can directly bind to SlGA20ox4 promoter and inhibit its expression, and the interaction can also be the case for SlKS and SlKO. Overexpression of SlGA20ox4 in the SlZF3-overexpressing line can recover the dwarf phenotype. Therefore, SlZF3 regulates plant height by directly repressing genes in tomato GA biosynthesis pathway.

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“…Multiple high-quality tomato genomes are available, greatly facilitating fundamental and applied research in this valuable crop. GWAS has been employed to identify the underlying genes controlling multiple traits in tomato (Li et al, 2020;Lin et al, 2014;Song et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2020;Ye et al, 2017;Zhu et al, 2018). Previously, a GWAS performed by Tieman et al (2017) on a large population of cultivars focused on identification of loci controlling accumulation of fruit flavor chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) are powerful tools for uncovering the genetic bases of metabolic diversity in plants (Angelovici et al., 2017; Baxter et al., 2010; Chao et al., 2012; Guo et al., 2020; Sauvage et al., 2014; Song et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2020; Zhao, Lian, et al., 2019; Zhu et al., 2018). Multiple high‐quality tomato genomes are available, greatly facilitating fundamental and applied research in this valuable crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural variations in the Sl‐AKR9 aldo/keto reductase gene impact fruit flavor volatile and sugar contents

Tieman

Alseekh

et al. 2023

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYThe unique flavors of different fruits depend upon complex blends of soluble sugars, organic acids, and volatile organic compounds. 2‐Phenylethanol and phenylacetaldehyde are major contributors to flavor in many foods, including tomato. In the tomato fruit, glucose, and fructose are the chemicals that most positively contribute to human flavor preferences. We identified a gene encoding a tomato aldo/keto reductase, Sl‐AKR9, that is associated with phenylacetaldehyde and 2‐phenylethanol contents in fruits. Two distinct haplotypes were identified; one encodes a chloroplast‐targeted protein while the other encodes a transit peptide‐less protein that accumulates in the cytoplasm. Sl‐AKR9 effectively catalyzes reduction of phenylacetaldehyde to 2‐phenylethanol. The enzyme can also metabolize sugar‐derived reactive carbonyls, including glyceraldehyde and methylglyoxal. CRISPR‐Cas9‐induced loss‐of‐function mutations in Sl‐AKR9 significantly increased phenylacetaldehyde and lowered 2‐phenylethanol content in ripe fruit. Reduced fruit weight and increased soluble solids, glucose, and fructose contents were observed in the loss‐of‐function fruits. These results reveal a previously unidentified mechanism affecting two flavor‐associated phenylalanine‐derived volatile organic compounds, sugar content, and fruit weight. Modern varieties of tomato almost universally contain the haplotype associated with larger fruit, lower sugar content, and lower phenylacetaldehyde and 2‐phenylethanol, likely leading to flavor deterioration in modern varieties.

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Variation in the fruit development gene POINTED TIP regulates protuberance of tomato fruit tip

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Identification of CaPCR1, an OFP gene involved in pointed vs. concave fruit tip regulation in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using recombinant inbred lines

Identification of CaPCR1, an OFP gene involved in pointed vs. concave fruit tip regulation in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using recombinant inbred lines

SlZF3 regulates tomato plant height by directly repressing SlGA20ox4 in the gibberellic acid biosynthesis pathway

Natural variations in the Sl‐AKR9 aldo/keto reductase gene impact fruit flavor volatile and sugar contents

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