Variation in Responses to Sprint Training in Male Youth Athletes: A Meta-analysis

Morán, Jason; Sandercock, Gavin; Rumpf, Michael C.; Parry, Dave A.

doi:10.1055/s-0042-111439

Cited by 47 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…There is also a strong relationship between sprinting and other measures of performance such as jumping and strength 56,57 . Due to the importance of speed on athletic performance, there are several metaanalyses 41,58 and reviews 59 any structural adaptations associated with increased force production and thus, greater stride length 60 . Lastly, the late adolescence stage features maximal sprints and complex training methods, which have been shown to improve repeated sprint ability and change of direction (COD) in youth 61,62 .…”

Section: Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating models of long-term athletic development to maximize the physical development of youth

Pichardo

Oliver

Harrison

et al. 2018

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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Long-term athletic development is important to prepare youth for sport and an active lifestyle. Several models have provided general frameworks for long-term athletic development from different perspectives that consider factors such as when to sample and specialize and what physical qualities to train and when. More recently, more specific models of long-term athletic development have emerged that focus on both specific modes of training and specific fitness qualities. This includes models focused on the development of speed, agility, power, and endurance as well as models devoted to resistance training, plyometric training, and weightlifting. These models incorporate factors such as technical competency, developmental stage, maturation, and training age to describe the long-term progression of athletic development. A challenge for the coach is to understand how these models inform one another and how they integrate into practice to allow the use of multiple modes of training to develop multiple components of fitness simultaneously throughout childhood and adolescence. This review will examine how information from various models can be integrated to maximize the physical long-term athletic development of youth.

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Section: Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating models of long-term athletic development to maximize the physical development of youth

Pichardo

Oliver

Harrison

et al. 2018

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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“…The current study produced dissimilar findings to these, and although results are non-significant, suggest appropriate coaching strategies may produce viable sprint training opportunities within the pre-PHV population. The disparities between the meta-analysis performed by Moran, Sandercock, Rumpf and Parry [48] and the current study lie within the style of intervention, and the population tested. Inclusion for the study by Moran et al, [48], required sprinting-based movements with a specific recovery period and utilised participants who were engaged in organised sport.…”

Section: The Effects Of Progressive and Traditional Coaching Strategimentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Moran, Sandercock, Rumpf and Parry [48], investigated sprint enhancement with respect to maturation and describes how improvements in pre-PHV sprint performances are typically restricted due to the limitations surrounding muscular strength, neuromuscular control and anthropometric factors. The current study produced dissimilar findings to these, and although results are non-significant, suggest appropriate coaching strategies may produce viable sprint training opportunities within the pre-PHV population.…”

Section: The Effects Of Progressive and Traditional Coaching Strategimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Progressive and Traditional Coaching Strategies to Improve Sprint and Jump Performance across Varying Levels of Maturation within a General Youth Population

Standing

Maulder

2019

Preprint

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Literature pertaining to youth development has identified the importance of understanding the physical, intellectual and emotional needs of adolescent youth. The purpose of this study was to compare the use of a ‘traditional’ and ‘progressive’ coaching style to train a general male youth population to improve sprint and jump performances, whilst assessing enjoyment to comment on long term application. Maximal sprint times, sprint kinematics, unilateral jump distances and repetitive tuck jump scores were measured alongside anthropometric variables to characterise performance. Results revealed significant (p>0.05) pre/post differences in anthropometric variables across all maturation groups, and each of the maturational levels displayed a tendency to favour a particular coaching or control condition. Pre-PHV groups responded most effectively to the progressive style of coaching, displaying improvements in horizontal jump performances, and -0.7 to -2.7% improvements in all sprint times, despite also showing the largest increase in tuck jump scores (25.8%). The circa-PHV group produced their greatest improvements in the traditional intervention, as displayed through significant improvements (p<0.05) in 20m sprint times and dominant-leg horizontal jump performance, whilst also revealing the greatest deterioration in tuck jump scores (14.2%). Post-PHV displayed the greatest improvements in the control setting, suggesting the natural benefits gained through adolescent development were greater than the influence of the training interventions. In conclusion, it is suggested that matching coaching strategies and delivery techniques to the period of biological maturation may have implications for both performance and athlete safety.

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“…Various training methods and modalities exist to develop and enhance speed capability in young athletes . Coaches have employed both non–sprint‐specific and sprint‐specific training methods with varying responses in young athletes . Sprint‐specific training can be defined as training that is specific to the movement patterns and direction of sprinting, whereas non–sprint‐specific training typically includes different forms of resistance, plyometrics, and combined training primarily in a vertical plane of motion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Coaches have employed both non-sprint-specific and sprint-specific training methods with varying responses in young athletes. [3][4][5] Sprint-specific training can be defined as training that is specific to the movement patterns and direction of sprinting, 6 whereas non-sprint-specific training typically includes different forms of resistance, plyometrics, and combined training primarily in a vertical plane of motion. Sprint-specific training has largely proven more effective than non-sprint-specific training, with the greatest effects generally observed over shorter distance acceleration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of resisted sled‐push training on the sprint force‐velocity profile of male high school athletes

Cahill

Oliver

Cronin

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Sled pushing is a commonly used form of resisted sprint training; however, little empirical evidence exists, especially in youth populations. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of unresisted and resisted sled pushing across multiple loads. Fifty high school athletes were assigned to an unresisted (n = 12), or 3 resisted groups; light (n = 14), moderate (n = 13), and heavy (n = 11) resistance that caused a 25%, 50%, and 75% velocity decrement in maximum sprint speed, respectively. All participants performed two sled‐push training sessions twice weekly for 8 weeks. Before and after the training intervention, the participants performed a series of jump, strength, and sprint testing to assess athletic performance. Split times between 5 and 20 m improved significantly across all resisted groups (all P < .05, d = 0.34‐1.16) but did not improve significantly with unresisted sprinting. For all resisted groups, gains were greatest over the first 5 m (d = 0.67‐0.84) and then diminished over each subsequent 5 m split (d = 0.08‐0.57). The magnitude of gains in split times was greatest within the heavy group. Small but non‐significant within‐group effects were found in pre to post force‐velocity profiles. There was a main effect of time but no interaction effects as all groups increased force and power, although the greatest increases were observed with the heavy load (d = 0.50‐0.51). The results of this study suggest that resisted sled pushing with any load was superior to unresisted sprint training and that heavy loads may elicit the greatest gains in sprint performance over short distances.

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Variation in Responses to Sprint Training in Male Youth Athletes: A Meta-analysis

Cited by 47 publications

References 56 publications

Integrating models of long-term athletic development to maximize the physical development of youth

Integrating models of long-term athletic development to maximize the physical development of youth

The Effectiveness of Progressive and Traditional Coaching Strategies to Improve Sprint and Jump Performance across Varying Levels of Maturation within a General Youth Population

Influence of resisted sled‐push training on the sprint force‐velocity profile of male high school athletes

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