Variation in Optic Nerve and Macular Structure with Age and Race with Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Girkin, Christopher A.; McGwin, Gerald; Sinai, M. J.; Sekhar, G. Chandra; Fingeret, Murrey; Wollstein, Gadi; Varma, Rohit; Greenfield, David S.; Liebmann, J. M.; Araie, Makoto; Tomita, Goji; Maeda, Naoyuki; Garway-Heath, David F.

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.013

Cited by 174 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

136

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast to the recent findings of Girkin et al who described significantly smaller rim areas in Indian compared with Caucasian individuals and no significant difference in vertical cup/disc ratio, 4 we observed no significant difference in rim area between Indian and Caucasian individuals but a highly significant difference in cup/disk ratio (cup area to disc area, p = 0.008). This could be explained by the findings we observe between gender and ethnicity for rim area, since Girkin et al do not report the proportion of males and females or explore gender for significant effects on ONH morphology.…”

Section: Different Pattern Between Males and Females In Different Ethcontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…We also find that elongation of the ONH is mainly horizontal in the Indian group, resulting in larger cup areas and cup/ disc ratio (cup area/disc area); therefore, the area measurements are more sensitive for cup/disc ratio. Our findings that peripapillary RNFL thickness show similar patterns and thicknesses regardless of ethnicity agree with the Marsh et al 7 and Girkin et al 4 This substantiates our postulation that optic nerve cupping in Indian populations compared with Caucasian populations is physiological with no associated thinning of the peripapillary RNFL.…”

Section: Different Pattern Between Males and Females In Different Ethsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…4 For example, Girkin et al 4 find that in comparing five ONH parameters (disc area, cup/disc ratio, vertical cup/disc ratio, cup area, and rim area) between five ethnic groups (African, European, Indian, Hispanic, Japanese) that European and Indian ethnicities are the only comparison that differ for all five ONH measurements. It would be useful to determine whether the ethnicity/gender interaction exists for other comparisons of ethnic groups, especially Indian populations compared with other groups.…”

Section: Different Pattern Between Males and Females In Different Ethmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two-dimensional (2D) fundus analysis 2,3 and more recently three-dimensional (3D) OCT imaging have been used to show that clear differences exist in ONH morphology between ethnicities in parameters such as of optic disc, cup, and rim areas and volumes. [4][5][6][7][8] Individuals originating from the Indian subcontinent show particularly distinctive features in ONH morphology compared with other ethnicities, with the most obvious differences apparent in comparison with individuals of Caucasian ethnicity. 4 The effect of gender on ONH morphology is more controversial, especially in relation to different ethnic groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6][7][8] Individuals originating from the Indian subcontinent show particularly distinctive features in ONH morphology compared with other ethnicities, with the most obvious differences apparent in comparison with individuals of Caucasian ethnicity. 4 The effect of gender on ONH morphology is more controversial, especially in relation to different ethnic groups. Varma et al 3 and Ramrattan et al 2 used 2D fundus analysis to suggest that larger discs exist in males from both white European and African American ethnic groups based in the USA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Gender- and Ethnicity-Related Differences in Optic Nerve Head Topography in Healthy Indian and Caucasian Participants

Pilat

Gottlob

Sheth

et al. 2014

Neuro-Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated the effect of ethnicity and gender on optic nerve head morphology in healthy subjects using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Thirty-five Indian (i.e. Indian subcontinent) females, 34 Caucasian females, 32 Indian males, and 32 Caucasian males were examined using SD-OCT (Copernicus, Optopol Technology). Disc and rim areas were larger in Caucasian males compared with females but smaller in Indians males compared with females. Indian participants had significantly larger cup areas and volumes without significant differences in retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thicknesses between groups. Gender and ethnicity differences should be considered in assessment of patients.

show abstract

Section: Different Pattern Between Males and Females In Different Ethcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Different Pattern Between Males and Females In Different Ethsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Different Pattern Between Males and Females In Different Ethmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Gender- and Ethnicity-Related Differences in Optic Nerve Head Topography in Healthy Indian and Caucasian Participants

Pilat

Gottlob

Sheth

et al. 2014

Neuro-Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Genetic and Environmental Factors Associated With the Ganglion Cell Complex in a Healthy Aging British Cohort

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCE Measurement of ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness may be more sensitive than current methods for glaucoma diagnosis and research. However, little is known about the factors influencing GCC thickness in the general population.OBJECTIVES To investigate the heritability of and factors associated with GCC thickness in a healthy aging population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA cross-sectional twin study was conducted from August 27, 2014, to March 31, 2016, among 1657 participants of white British ancestry from the TwinsUK study cohort without ocular pathologic conditions. Heritability analyses were conducted in 1432 twins (426 monozygous and 290 dizygous pairs). Association analyses were performed using univariable and multivariable stepwise linear regression models, taking family structure into account. Heritability analyses were conducted using maximum likelihood structural equation twin modeling. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESParameters measured included GCC thickness, autorefraction, intraocular pressure, blood pressure, body mass index, and cholesterol, creatinine, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and urea levels. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. RESULTS Among the 1657 participants (mean [SD] age, 56.0 [15.3] years; 89.5% women and 10.5% men), the mean [SD] inner GCC thickness was 96.0 [7.6] μm (95% CI, 95.1-96.2). In multivariable modeling, the mean inner GCC thickness was associated with advancing age (β, -0.14; P < .001), increased body mass index (β, -0.15; P = .001), spherical equivalent (β, 0.70; P < .001), and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (β, 0.03; P = .02). A 1-U increase in age or body mass index was associated with a 0.14-μm and 0.15-μm decrease in GCC thickness, respectively (P < .001), while a 1-U increase in spherical equivalent or estimated glomerular filtration rate was associated with a 0.70-μm (P < .001) and 0.03-μm (P = .02) increase in GCC thickness, respectively. Ganglion cell complex thickness was not associated with sex, intraocular pressure, or diabetes. Age-adjusted GCC thickness was highly heritable, with additive genetic effects explaining 81% (95% CI, 78%-84%) of phenotypic variance and individual environmental factors explaining the remaining 19% (95% CI, 16%-22%).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Ganglion cell complex thickness appears to be highly heritable and further genetic analysis may help identify new biological pathways for glaucoma. The results suggest it may be important to account for age, body mass index, refractive error, and sex when using GCC thickness as a diagnostic tool. Replication of their results is required, as is further research to explain the association between renal function and GCC thickness.

show abstract

Longitudinal Assessment of Retinal Thinning in Adults With and Without Sickle Cell Retinopathy Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCEDetermination of retinal thinning rates may help to identify patients who are at risk of progression of sickle cell retinopathy.OBJECTIVE To assess the rates of macular thinning in adults with and without sickle cell retinopathy using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to identify ocular and systemic risk factors associated with retinal thinning. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis longitudinal prospective case-control study enrolled adult participants from a university-based retina subspecialty clinic between February 11, 2009, and July 3, 2019. The study was designed in autumn 2008 and conducted from February 2, 2009, to July 3, 2020. Participants with sickle cell retinopathy (sickle cell group) were matched by age and race with participants without sickle cell retinopathy (control group). Participants received annual spectral-domain OCT and clinical examinations.Those with at least 1 year of follow-up by July 3, 2020, were included in the analysis. Data were analyzed from February 2, 2009, to July 3, 2020. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was comparison of spectral-domain OCT measurements from early-treatment diabetic retinopathy study subfield rates of retinal thinning between eyes with and without sickle cell retinopathy and between different sickle cell hemoglobin subtypes. The secondary outcome was identification of ocular and systemic risk factors associated with rates of retinal thinning. RESULTS Among 370 adults (711 eyes) enrolled in the study, 310 participants (606 eyes) had sickle cell retinopathy, and 60 participants (105 eyes) did not. Of those, 175 of 310 participants (56.5%; 344 of 606 eyes [56.8%]; mean [SD] age, 37.8 [12.8] years; 126 women [72.0%]) in the sickle cell group and 31 of 60 participants (51.7%; 46 of 105 eyes [43.8%]; mean [SD] age, 59 [15.4] years; 22 women [71.0%]) in the control group had at least 1 year of clinical and spectral-domain OCT follow-up data from baseline. The mean (SD) follow-up was 53.7 (32.6) months for the sickle cell group and 54.6 (34.9) months for the control group. Rates of macular thinning in the sickle cell group were significantly higher than those in the control group for the inner nasal (difference, −1.18 μm per year; 95% CI, −1.71 to −0.65 μm per year), inner superior (difference, −1.03 μm per year; 95% CI, −1.78 to −0.29 μm per year), inner temporal (difference, −0.61 μm per year; 95% CI, −1.16 to −0.07 μm per year), and outer nasal (difference, −0.41 μm per year; 95% CI, −0.80 to −0.03 μm per year) quadrants. Patients with sickle cell hemoglobin SC and sickle cell hemoglobin β-thalassemia subtypes had higher rates of retinal thinning than those with the sickle cell hemoglobin SS subtype. Risk factors associated with greater rates of retinal thinning included participant age, stage of retinopathy, previous stroke, and presence of hypertension, acute chest syndrome, or diabetes. Hydroxyurea therapy was associated with decreased rates of retinal thinning and may be a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVAN...

show abstract

Variation in Optic Nerve and Macular Structure with Age and Race with Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Cited by 174 publications

References 14 publications

Gender- and Ethnicity-Related Differences in Optic Nerve Head Topography in Healthy Indian and Caucasian Participants

Gender- and Ethnicity-Related Differences in Optic Nerve Head Topography in Healthy Indian and Caucasian Participants

Genetic and Environmental Factors Associated With the Ganglion Cell Complex in a Healthy Aging British Cohort

Longitudinal Assessment of Retinal Thinning in Adults With and Without Sickle Cell Retinopathy Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About