Variation in Neuromuscular Activity during Prey Capture by Trophic Specialists and Generalists (Pisces: Labridae)

Sl, Sanderson

doi:10.1159/000116554

Cited by 67 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Finally, the opercular apparatus expanded laterally, allowing the volume of water that entered the buccal cavity during prey capture to drain. Displacement of cranial elements were greater during feeding on fish but the time to reach these excursions was shorter than when feeding on scales (Figs·6,·7), a pattern that has been consistently reported for other fish species when feeding on evasive vs non-evasive prey (Lauder, 1981;Sanderson, 1988Sanderson, , 1990Sanderson, , 1991Chu, 1989).…”

Section: Scale Feedingsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Sanderson, 1988Sanderson, , 1990Sanderson, , 1991Ralston and Wainwright, 1997;Ferry-Graham et al, 2002). The expectation of most of these studies is that specialists will have less functional versatility than generalists.…”

Section: Is Specialization Limiting For Catoprion Mento?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While most studies comparing trophic specialists and generalists have found an equal ability to modulate feeding behavior (Sanderson, 1988(Sanderson, , 1990Ralston and Wainwright, 1997), some have not (Lauder, 1981;Chu, 1991;Sanderson, 1991, but see Sanderson, 1988 for comparison of the same three species). Liem (1984Liem ( , 1990 proposed the intriguing hypothesis that suction feeding is an extremely flexible feeding mode that is so useful and effective in a wide variety of feeding situations that the assumed advantage of specialization, increased efficiency, is rarely a selective pressure.…”

Section: When Can the Jack-of-one-trade Have His Cake And Eat It Too?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of recent studies (Drummond, 1983;Chu, 1989;Meyer, 1989;Sanderson, 1988Sanderson, , 1990Sanderson, , 1991Ralston and Wainwright, 1997) have investigated the correlation between trophic breadth and the degree of functional versatility (Lauder, 1980;Liem, 1984) in specialist and generalist feeders. The hypothesis of most of these studies is that species with limited diets (trophic specialists) are expected to exhibit a restricted range of behaviors, or show less variability in the kinematics and muscle activity patterns of the strike, compared with generalist species with wider diets.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Functional morphology of feeding in the scale-eating specialistCatoprion mento

Janovetz

2005

Journal of Experimental Biology

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One fruitful approach to animal function has been to investigate the 'unusual' members of a lineage, species that appear to deviate from the typical form, exhibit novel functions or superlative performance, or inhabit extreme environments. This research approach has contributed to the understanding of the form and function of such amazing structures and behaviors as chameleon tongue projection (Schwenk and Bell, 1988;Wainwright et al., 1991;de Groot and van Leeuwen, 2004), tongue protrusion in plethodontid salamanders (Lombard and Wake, 1976Deban and Marks, 2002), water running in basilisk lizards (Laerm, 1973(Laerm, , 1974Hsieh, 2003), wall climbing in geckos (Russell, 1975;Irschick et al., 1996), extreme jaw protrusion in fishes (Liem, 1979;Westneat and Wainwright, 1989;Westneat, 1991), brain-warming muscles in billfish (Block et al., 1993), and 'flying' in fishes (Fish, 1990;Davenport, 1992), frogs (Emerson and Koehl, 1990) and lizards (Hairston, 1957). Conceptually, these studies explore the limits to biomechanical and behavioral evolution, provide informative and appealing examples of adaptive change, and expand knowledge of functional biodiversity.Catoprion mento (Cuvier), the wimple piranha, has a strange diet and equally unusual anatomy and feeding behavior.Catoprion is a monotypic genus of small South American characin that inhabits clear freshwater streams and lakes with abundant submerged vegetation (Taphorn, 1992). Its specific name, 'mento', is Greek for 'chin', referring to the distinctive protuberance created by the curve in its banana-shaped, elongate lower jaw (Fig.·1). Its reduced, conical-shaped teeth on the upper jaw project forward when the jaws are closed (Gery, 1977;Sazima, 1983;Taphorn, 1992). The dietary breadth of Catoprion mento is one of the narrowest reported for fishes; scales form an important proportion of the diet throughout most of ontogeny, and adults feed almost entirely on this prey (Vieira and Gery, 1979;Sazima, 1983;Nico and Taphorn, 1988). Despite our perception that scales should be an unappetizing meal, lepidophagy is relatively widespread in fishes, having evolved independently in at least five freshwater and seven marine families (Sazima, 1983). Although the functional morphology of scale feeding has not previously been experimentally investigated, anatomical and behavioral observations suggest that a diversity of morphologies and attack behaviors are used by lepidophagous predators (Roberts, 1970;Major, 1973;Liem and Stewart, 1976; Whitfield, 1979;Sazima, 1977Sazima, , 1983 Winemiller, 1997, 1998) and that the behavioral origins of scale feeding may be different for different lineages (DeMartini and Coyer, 1981;Sazima, 1983;Sazima and Machado, 1990).Surprisingly, scales are a relatively nutritious food source. In addition to layers of keratin and enamel, teleost scales contain a dermal portion and are covered, in life, with a protein-rich mucus layer (van Oosten, 1957;Wessler and Werner, 1957;Harris and Hunt, 1973;Gorlick, 1980;Whitear, 1986). They are a rich source...

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Section: Scale Feedingsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Is Specialization Limiting For Catoprion Mento?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: When Can the Jack-of-one-trade Have His Cake And Eat It Too?mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional morphology of feeding in the scale-eating specialistCatoprion mento

Janovetz

2005

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…However, if variance within each behavior is high these means may not be statistically different from one another. Published examples of tests for flexibility relate to a wide range of treatments, including the effect of an incline on footfall patterns (Garnier et al, 2008), the effect of obstacles on limb kinematics during running (Kohlsdorf and Biewener, 2006), the effect of temperature (de Vries and Wainwright, 2006), the effect of flight speed on wing kinematics (Tobalske et al, 2003), the effect of food attributes on feeding motor patterns (Ross et al, 2007;Sanderson, 1988;Wainwright, 1989), and the effect of body size (Van Wassenbergh et al, 2006a;Wainwright and Richard, 1995). Tests of flexibility involve comparisons of mean values under separate treatments and can be done with analysis of variance if the factor of interest is categorical, such as different prey in a feeding experiment, or substrate type in locomotion.…”

Section: Stereotypy and Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotypy, flexibility and coordination: key concepts in behavioral functional morphology

Wainwright

Mehta

Higham

2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

108

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SummaryAnimal movement and its muscular control are central topics in functional morphology. As experimentalists we often manipulate stimuli in a controlled setting or compare species to observe the degree of variation in movement and motor control of particular behaviors. Understanding and communicating the biological significance of these sources of variability requires a universal terminology that is presently lacking in the functional morphology literature. We suggest that ʻstereotypyʼ be used to refer to the degree of variability observed in a behavior across trials under a given set of conditions. The ability of an organism to alter its behavior across experimental treatments is referred to as ʻflexibilityʼ. We discuss how there has been a tendency to confound the phenomenon of a behavior exhibiting low variability, which we refer to as stereotyped, with inflexibility, or the inability to alter the behavior in response to a change in stimulus. The degree of stereotypy and flexibility in a behavior need not be correlated, nor need they have a common underlying basis. Coordination, a term used to describe the relationship between different body parts during movement, can be stereotyped and can show flexibility. Stereotypy of coordination can be assessed by the strength of correlations between movements of two body parts. The influence of coordination coherence on behavioral performance has rarely been considered, and could shed light on how taxa differ in their ability to perform behaviors. We suggest definitions of the terms stereotypy, flexibility and coordination, and provide examples of how and when these terms could be used when discussing behavioral changes in functional morphology.

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Motor basis of suction feeding performance in largemouth bass,Micropterus salmoides

Grubich

Wainwright

1997

J. Exp. Zool.

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We examined the relationship between cranial muscle activity and buccal pressure during suction feeding by the largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. Buccal pressure was recorded simultaneously with electromyograms (EMG) from four muscles that function prominently during the strike, including three expansive phase muscles (levator arcus palatini, epaxialis, and sternohyoideus) and the major compressive phase muscle, the adductor mandibulae. Feeding behavior was analyzed in 145 strike sequences from five individuals. EMG from each muscle was quantified with four variables (integrated area of rectified EMG, burst duration, intensity of activity, and onset time of activity), and pressure pulse was characterized with seven variables (area of subambient pressure curve, area of superambient pressure curve, minimum pressure, maximum pressure, pressure pulse duration, time to minimum pressure, and time to maximum pressure). Correlation, multiple regression, and a principal components analysis (PCA) were used to investigate the relationship between muscle activity and buccal pressure patterns. About 50% of the correlations among muscle variables were significant, while fewer than 25% of the correlations between muscle activity and buccal pressure variables were significant. Multiple regression models accounted for about 50% of the variance in each pressure variable, although substantial differences were found among individual fish in the success of these models. A PCA performed on the correlation matrix of EMG variables yielded a first principal component that accounted for 33% of the overall variance in strikes and was significantly correlated with the timing variables of buccal pressure. A general trend was apparent in which Micropterus modulated the magnitude of suction pressure and the timing of the pressure pulse during the strike by altering the extent of activity (i.e., integrated area and burst duration) in cranial muscles. This study shows that suction performance is moderately influenced by cranial muscle activity. However, extensive strike‐to‐strike and inter‐individual variation suggest that the relationship between muscle activity patterns and buccal pressure is not precise, and bass are able to use a variety of motor strategies to generate strikes with similar suction pressures. J. Exp. Zool. 277:1–13, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Variation in Neuromuscular Activity during Prey Capture by Trophic Specialists and Generalists (Pisces: Labridae)

Cited by 67 publications

References 22 publications

Functional morphology of feeding in the scale-eating specialistCatoprion mento

Functional morphology of feeding in the scale-eating specialistCatoprion mento

Stereotypy, flexibility and coordination: key concepts in behavioral functional morphology

Motor basis of suction feeding performance in largemouth bass,Micropterus salmoides

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