Variation in migratory history of Dolly Varden in a stream with an artificial dam in the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan

Umatani, Yoshiyuki; Arai, Takaomi; Maekawa, Koji

doi:10.1007/s10641-007-9249-y

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Dolly Varden already has a high d 15 N value, due to its own migration to the sea and feeding on marine organisms. The Dolly Varden in the Shiretoko Peninsula are anadromous (Umatani, Arai & Maekawa, 2008), although no other populations in Japan are migratory.…”

Section: Aquatic Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope evidence indicates the incorporation into Japanese catchments of marine‐derived nutrients transported by spawning Pacific Salmon

2013

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Summary Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) transport marine‐derived nutrients (MDN) and organic matter to freshwater ecosystems, which enhances the productivity of North Pacific ecosystems. Relatively few studies, however, have evaluated the MDN subsidy to both the aquatic system and the terrestrial catchment simultaneously. Using stable isotope analysis, we tested how the dynamics of MDN differed between the river and adjacent riparian forest in rivers of the Shiretoko World Natural Heritage Site in eastern Hokkaido (Japan). In addition, we accounted for temporal and spatial variations in the stable isotope signatures of freshwater organisms due to the presence or absence of spawning salmon. We analysed carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) of biofilm, invertebrates, fish, riparian plants and brown bear (Ursus arctos) in the Rusha River during the pre‐spawning and spawning periods and in the Akai River (where there are no salmon). Willow leaves were collected along the 50‐m transects to evaluate how far MDN are incorporated within the riparian area. We counted the number of pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) carcasses in riparian areas and categorised their mode of transport. In addition, we examined the stomach contents of Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma). The δ13C and δ15N of aquatic organisms increased by 1–4‰ and 1–6‰, respectively, with the arrival of salmon spawners. Aquatic organisms incorporated 23% of their nitrogen from salmon (range: 7–46%). The diet of Dolly Varden switched from aquatic invertebrates to salmon eggs during the salmon spawning run. More salmon carcasses were transported from the stream to riparian areas by flooding than by brown bears. The δ13C and δ15N of blowflies (Calliphora spp.) and brown bears increased significantly during the spawning run. Riparian vegetation, with the exception of Manchurian alder (Alnus hirsuta), incorporated 25% of its nitrogen from salmon. The δ15N values of riparian willow (Salix spp.) were correlated negatively with distance from the stream. The proportion of MDN incorporated in the freshwater biota was lower than that reported for North American rivers, potentially due to the influence of dams and modification of the river environment in this Japanese example. The riparian forest incorporated a relatively high fraction of MDN, however, mainly due to the transport of salmon carcasses from the channel by brown bears and, particularly, flooding. The dynamics of salmon‐derived nutrients thus differed between river and adjacent riparian zones. These results suggested the importance of linkages between freshwater and riparian ecosystems for the extent of the marine nutrient subsidy.

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Section: Aquatic Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope evidence indicates the incorporation into Japanese catchments of marine‐derived nutrients transported by spawning Pacific Salmon

2013

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“…Fish otoliths are metabolically inert with the aragonite mineralogy remaining unaltered after deposition [16], so the elemental composition of the otolith reflects to some degree the environment of the water in which the fish lives [17]. The strontium content in otoliths, in particular, varies with fluctuations in ambient salinity, allowing the reconstruction of the anadromous migration history of each fish [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Regarding Sakhalin taimen, Arai et al [13] used otolith analysis to report downstream migration of Sakhalin taimen collected at Lake Aynskoye in Sakhalin Island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration history of Sakhalin taimen Hucho perryi captured in the Sea of Okhotsk, northern Japan, using otolith Sr:Ca ratios

et al. 2011

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Sakhalin taimen Hucho perryi populations have decreased drastically to near extinction. It is urgent to establish an effective conservation strategy based on an understanding of the characteristics of migration and habitat use of this species. We examined the migration history of anadromous Sakhalin taimen captured off the Sarufutsu coast, northern Hokkaido, Japan, using otolith Sr:Ca ratios and also examined the relationship between their otolith Sr:Ca ratios during freshwater and seawater residence in a rearing experiment. Otolith Sr:Ca ratios of some fish from the Sarufutsu coast showed freshwater levels (0.5-4.0 9 10 -3 ) near the core, which thereafter increased to brackish water levels (4.0-6.0 9 10 -3 ), and then to seawater levels (6.0-10.0 9 10 -3 ) in the outermost regions. Those findings indicate that specimens from the Sarufutsu coast migrated to the brackish water region or the sea and spent most of their lives there. The anadromous migration pattern including the timing of downstream migration seems to be flexible among individuals in the species. They migrate between freshwater and seawater or brackish water several times during their lives, showing extensive habitat use. It is essential to secure the continuity among the freshwater, brackish water, and seawater areas for their effective conservation.

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“…The Sr concentration in seawater is approximately 100-fold higher than that in freshwater [1], and thus Sr appears to be a good tracer of the environmental conditions encountered, notably salinity variation under either natural or controlled conditions. In the Salmonidae family, otolith Sr or Sr:Ca ratio analyses have been widely used to reconstruct the environmental history due to the occurrence of anadromy [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salinity on strontium:calcium ratios in the otoliths of Sakhalin taimen, Hucho perryi

Arai

2010

Fish Sci

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In order to determine the salinity effect on otolith strontium (Sr):calcium (Ca) ratios, the Sr and Ca contents of otoliths of Sakhalin taimen, Hucho perryi, reared for 60 days in four salinities (freshwater, one-third seawater, two-thirds seawater, and full seawater) were examined. The Ca and Sr contents and the resultant Sr:Ca ratios in the rearing water increased linearly with salinity. Otolith Sr:Ca ratios were also found to be positively correlated with salinity. However, the Sr:Ca did not correspond to temperature fluctuations during the experiment. These results indicate that Sr:Ca ratios in otoliths can be used to reconstruct the migratory history of the fish by differentiating when the fish migrated between freshwater and seawater.

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Variation in migratory history of Dolly Varden in a stream with an artificial dam in the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Stable isotope evidence indicates the incorporation into Japanese catchments of marine‐derived nutrients transported by spawning Pacific Salmon

Stable isotope evidence indicates the incorporation into Japanese catchments of marine‐derived nutrients transported by spawning Pacific Salmon

Migration history of Sakhalin taimen Hucho perryi captured in the Sea of Okhotsk, northern Japan, using otolith Sr:Ca ratios

Effect of salinity on strontium:calcium ratios in the otoliths of Sakhalin taimen, Hucho perryi

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