Variation in litterfall‐climate relationships between coniferous and broadleaf forests in Eurasia

Liu, Chunjiang; Westman, Carl Johan; Berg, Björn; Kutsch, Werner L.; Wang, Gary Z.; Man, Rongzhou; Ilvesniemi, Hannu

doi:10.1111/j.1466-882x.2004.00072.x

Cited by 154 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Tree cover fraction do not reach a maximum within the rainfall gradient presented in this study (320-1200 mm), whereas other studies about tree cover already reach a maximum at 800 mm of rainfall (Sankaran et al, 2005;Bucini and Hanan, 2007). Studies on annual litterfall show a saturation of foliage production with mean annual precipitation only beyond 4000 mm (Liu et al, 2004). Annual gross primary production rises with mean annual precipitation up to at least 3000 mm (Luyssaert et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Precipitation as driver of carbon fluxes in 11 African ecosystems

et al. 2009

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Abstract. This study reports carbon and water fluxes between the land surface and atmosphere in eleven different ecosystems types in Sub-Saharan Africa, as measured using eddy covariance (EC) technology in the first two years of the CarboAfrica network operation. The ecosystems for which data were available ranged in mean annual rainfall from 320 mm (Sudan) to 1150 mm (Republic of Congo) and include a spectrum of vegetation types (or land cover) (open savannas, woodlands, croplands and grasslands). Given the shortness of the record, the EC data were analysed across the network rather than longitudinally at sites, in order to understand the driving factors for ecosystem respiration and carbon assimilation, and to reveal the different water use strategies in these highly seasonal environments.Correspondence to: L. Merbold (lmerbold@bgc-jena.mpg.de) Values for maximum net carbon assimilation rates (photosynthesis) ranged from −12.5 µmol CO 2 m −2 s −1 in a dry, open Millet cropland (C 4 -plants) up to −48 µmol CO 2 m −2 s −1 for a tropical moist grassland. Maximum carbon assimilation rates were highly correlated with mean annual rainfall (r 2 =0.74). Maximum photosynthetic uptake rates (Fp max ) were positively related to satellite-derived f APAR . Ecosystem respiration was dependent on temperature at all sites, and was additionally dependent on soil water content at sites receiving less than 1000 mm of rain per year. All included ecosystems dominated by C 3 -plants, showed a strong decrease in 30-min assimilation rates with increasing water vapour pressure deficit above 2.0 kPa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Precipitation as driver of carbon fluxes in 11 African ecosystems

et al. 2009

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“…Kirchner et al, 2000;Page et al, 2007;Shaw et al, 2008) due to low transpiration rates (and thus limited sap flow) and limited organic matter turnover in the Heather moorland vegetation and the coniferous forests of the study catchments (cf. Liu et al, 2004).…”

Section: Dynamic Partial Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…litter fall) from the Heather moorland vegetation and coniferous forests in the study catchments (e.g. Liu et al, 2004).…”

Section: Hydrological and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

What can flux tracking teach us about water age distribution patterns and their temporal dynamics?

Hrachowitz

Savenije

Bogaard

et al. 2013

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

269

443

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Abstract. The complex interactions of runoff generation processes underlying the hydrological response of streams remain not entirely understood at the catchment scale. Extensive research has demonstrated the utility of tracers for both inferring flow path distributions and constraining model parameterizations. While useful, the common use of linearity assumptions, i.e. time invariance and complete mixing, in these studies provides only partial understanding of actual process dynamics. Here we use long-term (< 20 yr) precipitation, flow and tracer (chloride) data of three contrasting upland catchments in the Scottish Highlands to inform integrated conceptual models investigating different mixing assumptions. Using the models as diagnostic tools in a functional comparison, water and tracer fluxes were then tracked with the objective of exploring the differences between different water age distributions, such as flux and resident water age distributions, and characterizing the contrasting water age pattern of the dominant hydrological processes in the three study catchments to establish an improved understanding of the wetness-dependent temporal dynamics of these distributions.The results highlight the potential importance of partial mixing processes which can be dependent on the hydrological functioning of a catchment. Further, tracking tracer fluxes showed that the various components of a model can be characterized by fundamentally different water age distributions which may be highly sensitive to catchment wetness history, available storage, mixing mechanisms, flow path connectivity and the relative importance of the different hydrological processes involved. Flux tracking also revealed that, although negligible for simulating the runoff response, the omission of processes such as interception evaporation can result in considerably biased water age distributions. Finally, the modeling indicated that water age distributions in the three study catchments do have long, power-law tails, which are generated by the interplay of flow path connectivity, the relative importance of different flow paths as well as by the mixing mechanisms involved. In general this study highlights the potential of customized integrated conceptual models, based on multiple mixing assumptions, to infer system internal transport dynamics and their sensitivity to catchment wetness states.

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“…Trees also improve the nutrient balance of soil by reducing unproductive nutrient losses from erosion and leaching and by increasing nutrient inputs through nitrogen fixation and increase biological activities by providing biomass and suitable microclimate (Schroth and Sinclair, 2003). The amount of nutrients returned from trees to the soil depends upon tree species, phenology, age and influence of climate, all of which determines litter fall from species to species (Liu et al, 2004). Nutrient accumulation which is influenced by litterfall, changes the physical and chemical environments, affecting plant community structure, a processes linked through a positive feedback (Kitayama and Aiba, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Tree Characters and Climate on Litter Characteristics in <i>Daniellia oliveri</i> (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalziel

Oyedeji¹,

Animasaun²,

Ogunkunle³

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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ABSTRACT:Litter production and decomposition rates have great importance in maintaining the fertility of the soil. The study was carried out to determine the relationship tree characters (girth size, canopy radius, tree height, leaf area and number of primary branches), litter production and quality, and climatic variables among stands of Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalziel growing in University of Ilorin campus. Twelve trees of different girth sizes were selected and their physiognomic characters measured. Litter samples (leaves and twigs) were collected from the stands on monthly basis (January to May) using 1 m 2 traps. The collected litters were air-dried, ground and analysed for carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium using standard methods. Rainfall and temperature data were collected during the sampling months. Girth size range was 0.32 -0.67 m. Tree height range was 13.90 -31.81 m. Primary branches range was 3 -16, crown radii was 2.5 -5.2 m and leaflet area between 24.62 cm 2 and 90.90 cm 2 . Higher leaf litter was recorded in January and February, but twigs were more in the other months. Leaf and twig litters positively correlated with girth size (r = 0.572 and 0.614 respectively), but the former also correlated with crown radii (r = 0.834). Carbon, calcium and magnesium contents in leaves and twigs were lower in May compared to January, but reverse trend were observed for nitrogen and phosphorus. The number of rain (rainy days) negatively correlated with total monthly litter (r = -0.291). The study concluded that climatic conditions influence tree characters, which in turn affect litterfall and nutrient returns to the soil. ©JASEM

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Variation in litterfall‐climate relationships between coniferous and broadleaf forests in Eurasia

Cited by 154 publications

References 26 publications

Precipitation as driver of carbon fluxes in 11 African ecosystems

Precipitation as driver of carbon fluxes in 11 African ecosystems

What can flux tracking teach us about water age distribution patterns and their temporal dynamics?

Influence of Tree Characters and Climate on Litter Characteristics in <i>Daniellia oliveri</i> (Rolfe) Hutch. & Dalziel

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