Variation in lipid levels during pregnancy in women with different types of hypertension

Gratacós, E.; Casals, Elena; Sanllehy, C; Cararach, Vicenç; Alonso, Pedro L.; Fortuny, Albert

doi:10.3109/00016349609055024

Cited by 100 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Increased triglyceride levels are a well-known independent risk factor for CVD, 20 and increased triglyceride levels has also been reported in PE. [21][22][23] We propose that increased triglyceride levels caused by the downregulation of ACOX2 to be a possible shared genetic risk factor for PE and CVD. Peroxisomes are one of the main locations for lipid metabolism in human beings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of ACOX2 as a shared genetic risk factor for preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease

et al. 2011

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Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of pregnancy, which is highly correlated with later life cardiovascular disease (CVD). Many risk factors are common for both diseases, but the contribution of shared genes remains to be determined. In this study, we used an integrative strategy to assess lipid traits as risk factors for PE and CVD by whole genome transcriptional profiling performed on Norwegian decidua basalis tissues (N¼95) from preeclamptic and normal pregnancies and on blood lymphocytes (N¼1240) from the San Antonio Family Heart Study (SAFHS). Among 222 genes that were differentially expressed (false discovery rate (FDR) P-value o0.05) between the PE, cases and controls, we found one gene, ACOX2 (acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2, branched chain), that was downregulated in PE whose transcription was also inversely correlated with triglyceride levels (P¼5.6Â10 À7 ; FDR P-value¼0.0002) in SAFHS. We further report associations between SNPs in the ACOX2 gene and the transcription level (P-value¼0.0045) of the gene, as well as with triglyceride levels (P-value¼0.0051). ACOX2 is involved in bile acid production, a process that has been associated with both oxidative stress and regulation of triglyceride levels. Oxidative stress and increased triglyceride levels are known risk factors for CVD and both have also been associated with PE. Our results suggest that downregulation of ACOX2 is a shared risk factor for PE and CVD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of ACOX2 as a shared genetic risk factor for preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease

et al. 2011

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“…Endothelial cell injury and altered endothelial function are important in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. 2 In addition to endothelial dysfunction, preeclampsia has also been reported to be associated with insulin resistance, 3 hyperlipidemia 4 and an exaggerated vascular inflammatory response. 5 Metabolic syndrome is a collection of atherosclerotic risk factors that includes obesity, insulin resistance, lipid disorders (especially hypertriglyceridemia) and hypertension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipocytokines and endothelial function in preeclamptic women

et al. 2010

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Visceral fat accumulation stimulates the production of adipocytokines in patients with metabolic syndrome. Excess body weight gain during pregnancy is a risk factor for preeclampsia. To evaluate whether the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is similar to that of metabolic syndrome, we measured plasma adipocytokine concentrations and investigated the association between plasma adiponectin concentrations and body weight gain or endothelial function in preeclamptic women. We investigated 15 preeclamptic and 17 women with uncomplicated pregnancies. Women with preeclampsia had significantly lower plasma concentrations of adiponectin (10.2 ± 2.0 vs. 7.3 ± 2.2 lg ml À1 , Po0.01), but higher concentrations of leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, interleukin-6, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin and C-reactive protein. Plasma triglyceride levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic patients, but the levels of other lipids did not differ significantly between the two groups. We found that flow-mediated vasodilation was significantly decreased in preeclamptic women compared with controls (10.6 ± 6.4 vs. 3.8 ± 2.0%, Po0.001). Plasma adiponectin concentrations correlated negatively with body mass index (r¼À0.50, Po0.05) and body weight gain during pregnancy (r¼À0.63, Po0.01), and positively with flow-mediated vasodilation (r¼0.50, Po0.05) in preeclamptic women, but not in women with uncomplicated pregnancies. Similar to the patients with metabolic syndrome, we found that dysregulation of adipocytokines, such as low adiponectin levels and high levels of other adipocytokines, and excess body weight gain during pregnancy, may decrease plasma adiponectin concentrations that are associated with endothelial dysfunction in preeclamptic women.

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“…Existing studies addressing the relationship between maternal dyslipidemia and PE are mostly cross-sectional (cases vs. controls late in pregnancy in nondiabetic women), they either employ nonfasting samples or do not include positive confirmation of actual (rather than intended) fasting status, and they show the following associations with PE: high TG (9,17,20,21); low (21) or normal (9) high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); and increased TC, LDL-C, and "small dense" low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (21,22). Four prospective studies have addressed the relationship between lipid profiles early in pregnancy and subsequent PE (23)(24)(25)(26). Of these, two employed nonfasting samples, and none involved women with diabetes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasma Lipoproteins and Preeclampsia in Women with Type 1 Diabetes: A Prospective Study

Basu¹,

Alaupovic²,

Wu³

et al. 2012

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

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Context:In nondiabetic pregnancy, cross-sectional studies have shown associations between maternal dyslipidemia and preeclampsia (PE). In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the prevalence of PE is increased 4-fold, but prospective associations with plasma lipoproteins are unknown. Objectives:The aim of this study was to define lipoprotein-related markers and potential mechanisms for PE in T1DM. Design and Settings:We conducted a multicenter prospective study in T1DM pregnancy. Patients:We studied 118 T1DM women (26 developed PE, 92 remained normotensive). Subjects were studied at three visits before PE onset [12.2 Ϯ 1.9, 21.6 Ϯ 1.5, and 31.5 Ϯ 1.7 wk gestation (means Ϯ SD)] and at term (37.6 Ϯ 2.0 wk). Nondiabetic normotensive pregnant women (n ϭ 21) were included for reference. Main Outcome Measures:Conventional lipid profiles, lipoprotein subclasses [defined by size (nuclear magnetic resonance) and by apolipoprotein content], serum apolipoproteins (ApoAI, ApoB, and ApoCIII), and lipolysis (ApoCIII ratio) were measured in T1DM women with and without subsequent PE. Results:In women with vs. without subsequent PE, at the first and/or second study visits: lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, particle concentrations of total LDL and large (but not small) LDL, serum ApoB, and ApoB:ApoAI ratio were all increased (P Ͻ 0.05); peripheral lipoprotein lipolysis was decreased (P Ͻ 0.01). These early differences remained significant in covariate analysis (glycated hemoglobin, actual prandial status, gravidity, body mass index, and diabetes duration) but were not present at the third study visit. High-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein subclasses did not differ between groups before PE onset. Conclusions:Early in pregnancy, increased cholesterol-rich lipoproteins and an index suggesting decreased peripheral lipolysis were associated with subsequent PE in T1DM women. Background maternal lipoprotein characteristics, perhaps masked by effects of late pregnancy, may influence PE risk.

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Variation in lipid levels during pregnancy in women with different types of hypertension

Cited by 100 publications

References 15 publications

Identification of ACOX2 as a shared genetic risk factor for preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease

Identification of ACOX2 as a shared genetic risk factor for preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease

Adipocytokines and endothelial function in preeclamptic women

Plasma Lipoproteins and Preeclampsia in Women with Type 1 Diabetes: A Prospective Study

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