Variation in lifestyle characteristics and catecholamine excretion rates among young Western Samoan men

James, Gary D.; Baker, P. T.; Jenner, David; Harrison, G. A.

doi:10.1016/0277-9536(87)90002-5

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…On the other hand, the women of both groups had not had any beneficial effect, in the postaccount for the significant lower level of urinary epinephrine and norepinephrine excretion rates found in the nuns. menopausal age, by estrogen replacement therapy -notably associated with a favorable cardiovascular disease These data are in line with the results of James et al [26] who observed a correlation between the characteristics risk factor profile -as none of them had used it.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Blood Pressure in Nuns in a Secluded Order: A 30-Year Follow-Up

Timio¹,

Saronio²,

Venanzi³

et al. 1999

Mineral Electrolyte Metab

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The powerful effect of psychosocial and acculturating influences on population blood pressure trends seems to be confirmed, through longitudinal observations, in the nuns in a secluded order. After initial observations had been made on culture, body form, blood pressure, diet, and other variables in 144 nuns and 138 lay women, included as a control group, a 30-year follow-up study was undertaken. Most striking were opposite trends noted between the two groups in blood pressure trend. During the follow-up period, blood pressure remained remarkably stable among the nuns. None showed an increase in diastolic blood pressure over 90 mm Hg. By contrast, the control women showed the expected increase in blood pressure with age. This resulted in a gradually greater difference (δ>30/15 mm Hg) in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups, which was statistically significant. In addition, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, expressed as the outcome of fatal and nonfatal events, were different in the two groups. They were significantly more common in the lay women than in the nuns. Comparisons between survivalcurves were statistically significant (p = 0.0043 for fatal events; p = 0.0056 for nonfatal events) between the two groups. In conclusion, it seems reasonable to attribute much of the difference in blood pressure and cardiovascular events, to the different burden in psychosocial factor and to the preserved peaceful lifestyle of the nuns.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Blood Pressure in Nuns in a Secluded Order: A 30-Year Follow-Up

Timio¹,

Saronio²,

Venanzi³

et al. 1999

Mineral Electrolyte Metab

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“…When restricted to older men, income was associated with higher blood pressure. These results are similar to findings from traditional communities in central Mexico and in Samoa, where individuals who had adopted Western, modern lifestyles showed more evidence of psychosocial stress [54, 55]. While energetic stress may also associate with income, Tsimane’ who score higher on other indices of ‘modernization’(education, Spanish fluency) do not engage in significantly more (or less) physical activity [56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Political influence associates with cortisol and health among egalitarian forager-farmers

Rueden

Trumble

Thompson

et al. 2014

Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health

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Background and objectives: Low social status increases risk of disease due, in part, to the psychosocial stress that accompanies feeling subordinate or poor. Previous studies report that chronic stress and chronically elevated cortisol can impair cardiovascular and immune function. We test whether lower status is more benign in small-scale, relatively egalitarian societies, where leaders lack coercive authority and there is minimal material wealth to contest.Methodology: Among Tsimane’ forager-horticulturalists of lowland Bolivia, we compare informal political influence among men with urinary cortisol, immune activation (innate and acquired), and morbidity as assessed during routine medical exams.Results: After controlling for potential confounds, we find that politically influential men have lower cortisol, and that this association is partly attributable to access to social support. Cortisol is positively associated with men’s income, which may reflect chronic psychosocial stress from market involvement. Greater influence is also associated with lower probability of respiratory infection, which is a frequent source of morbidity among Tsimane’. Among men who lost influence over a 4-year period, cortisol and probability of respiratory infection were higher the greater the decline in influence.Conclusions and implications: Deleterious effects of low status on health are not merely ‘diseases of civilization’ but may result from how (even subtle) status differences structure human behavior.

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“…Research indicates that the prevalence and incidence of CVD and its concomitant risk factors have increased with economic development (McGarvey and Baker 1979; Zimmet et al 1980; Baker and Hanna 1981; McGarvey and Schendel 1986; McGarvey et al 1989; 1993; McGarvey 1991; 1992; Hodge et al 1994; Gershater and McGarvey 1995; Galanis et al 1999). While much of this increase has been attributed to changing diets and activity levels (McGarvey et al 1989; Galanis et al 1999; McGarvey 1999; DiBello et al 2009), there is growing evidence to suggest that changing patterns of psychosocial stress arousal also contribute to the increased risk of CVD (McGarvey and Baker 1979; James et al 1985; 1987; McGarvey and Schendel 1986; McGarvey 1992; 1999; Steele and McGarvey 1996; McDade 2003; Roberts et al 2004; Bitton et al 2006; Ezeamama et al 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and sociodemographic effects on urinary catecholamine excretion in adult Samoans

Bergey

Steele

Bereiter

et al. 2010

Annals of Human Biology

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Background Ecological and sociodemographic correlates of stress may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk in modernizing Samoans. Aim The effects of peri-urban vs rural residence, education, occupation, caffeine intake and cigarette consumption on urinary catecholamine excretion were studied in Samoan adults. Subjects and methods Five hundred and seven participants, aged 29–69 years, were randomly selected from nine villages throughout Samoa. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were assessed by questionnaire. Epinephrine and norepinephrine excretion rates were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection in overnight urine samples. Age (≤40 vs >40 years) and gender-specific regression models were estimated to detect associations with BMI-adjusted catecholamine excretion. Results Norepinephrine was significantly higher in peri-urban young men and older women. Epinephrine was significantly higher in peri-urban older men. Adjustment for caffeine attenuated the relationship between residence and norepinephrine in young women. Conclusion General residential exposure to modernization in urban villages is a significant correlate of increased overnight catecholamine excretion rates and is consistent with past studies. Caffeine consumption in younger women plays a complex role in stress-related catecholamine excretion. Further studies of individual level attitudinal and behavioural factors in Samoans are needed to understand psychosocial stress, physiologic arousal and health.

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Variation in lifestyle characteristics and catecholamine excretion rates among young Western Samoan men

Cited by 40 publications

References 15 publications

Blood Pressure in Nuns in a Secluded Order: A 30-Year Follow-Up

Blood Pressure in Nuns in a Secluded Order: A 30-Year Follow-Up

Political influence associates with cortisol and health among egalitarian forager-farmers

Ecological and sociodemographic effects on urinary catecholamine excretion in adult Samoans

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