Variation in <i>Picea</i><i>glauca</i> seed germination associated with the year of cone collection

Caron, G. E.; Wang, B.S.P.; Schooley, H. O.

doi:10.1139/x93-167

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…LAMHAMEDI et al (2006) also reported that seedlings from large seeds (diameter ≥ 1.75 mm) had greater root dry weight than those grown from small seeds (1.5 mm ≤ diameter < 1.75 mm). Seed size is influenced by the morphological characteristics, such as diameter (CARON et al, 1993) and height-to-diameter ratio (NOLAND et al, 2006), and the genotype of the mother tree (CASTRO, 1999), and can lead to observable differences among families at the seedling stage (SORENSEN and CAMPBELL, 1993). Variation in seed size may cause an overestimation of genetic parameters and expected genetic gains of seedling characteristics (SORENSEN and CAMPBELL, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation in Seed Size and Germination Patterns and their Effect on White Spruce Seedling Characteristics

et al. 2009

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We determined the degree to which families differ in seed and germination characteristics and examined the extent to which these characteristics influence the early growth of 75 open-pollinated white spruce families. Seed characteristics (1000-seed weight, length, width, area, volume) were measured for 400 seeds per family. Germination variables (germination capacity, peak value, germination value) were determined for each of the 75 families under controlled conditions and germination patterns were modelled using the Weibull function. Seedling characteristics (height, diameter, shoot and root dry weights) were measured at the end of the first and second growing seasons under standard nursery cultural practices. Statistically significant family variation (p < 0.0001) was found for all seed characteristics and germination variables measured. The between-family variance explained 23% to 98% of the total variance of morphological and physiological seed characteristics. Family differences at the seed stage explained up to 33% (root dry weight) and 12% (shoot dry weight) of the family differences observed at the one-year and two-year seedling stages, respectively. Since, in this study based on a comparison of family means, a maximum of only 12% of the family differences observed at the two-year seedling stage were explained by the effect of seed size, a selection for families with better juvenile characteristics could be envisaged without considering the maternal effect of seed size.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation in Seed Size and Germination Patterns and their Effect on White Spruce Seedling Characteristics

et al. 2009

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“…This effect did not occur in spruce, which has highly variable dormancy, or may even lack dormancy BEWLEY, 1996, 2000;NIENSTAEDT and ZASADA, 1990). Dormancy in white spruce has been found to vary across trees, collection years, populations, and even among seeds produced from the same tree (CARON et al, 1993;DOWNIE et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lodgepole Pine and White Spruce Germination: Effects of Stratification and Simulated Aging

Krakowski

El‐Kassaby

2005

Silvae Genetica

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The effects of seed pre-treatment (stratification/prechilling) and simulated aging on germination parameters (germination capacity, speed and value and peak value) were evaluated for several seedlots originating from seed orchard clones of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia DOUGL. ex LOUD.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (MOENCH) VOSS). Region of origin and stratification had little effect on white spruce, while stratification enhanced germination speed and completeness of lodgepole pine. Broad-sense heritability for germination parameters ranged from 70 to 97% (unstratified) and from 81 to 96% (stratified) for pine, and from 95 to 97% (unstratified) and from 93 to 97% (stratified) for spruce. Simulated aging (short-term storage at high temperature and relative humidity, approximating the physiological effects of long-term storage) resulted in rapid deterioration of white spruce, with very little germination after six days of aging. Lodgepole pine germination increased during the first several aging treatments relative to the control, but germination capacity decreased following twelve days of aging, and was very low after 18 days. White spruce was nondormant and responded primarily to moisture conditions, whereas pine was strongly influenced by maternal effects. These results can be incorporated for more efficacious nursery production practices for commercial reforestation seedling production as well as ex-situ gene conservation strategies.

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“…Taken together, we interpret these data to mean that the resistance created by the testa and the cell wall material contained in the surrounding structures, and the ability of the seed to physically weaken these latter materials upon imbibition, control if and when white spruce seeds complete germination. Variations in the toughness of all three surrounding structures at the micropylar end of the seed could account for the variations in dormancy of white spruce seeds, including those due to silviculture practices (Caron et al 1990) and year of collection from the same tree (Caron et al 1993). It would also be consistent with maternally imposed dormancy (Ellner 1986) and maternal control of germination speed in conifers (Bramlett et al 1983, Hoff 1987, El-Kasaby et al 1992) since the testa, megagametophyte and nucellus were all derived from the female.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endo-ss-mannanase activity during dormancy alleviation and germination of white spruce (Picea glauca) seeds

Downie¹,

Hilhorst²,

Bewley³

1997

Physiol Plant

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1997. Endo-j8-mannanase activity during dormancy alleviation and germination of white spruce {Picea glauca) seeds. -Physiol. Plant. 101:405-415.It is not known how embryos of seeds of the Pinaceae protrude from their enclosing tissues to complete germination. Prior to protrusion of the radicle there is an increase in endo-^-l,4-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78) activity associated with weakening of the micropylar megagametophyte/nucellus from seeds of white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench.] Voss). Mannanase activity is present as three isoforms (pi values 5.0, 4.8, 4.7) in both the embryo and surrounding structures (megagametophyte and nucellus) prior to and during imbibition. Activity of all the isoforms increases in the chalazal and micropylar megagametophyte during germination. Activity then declines after the testa splits, typically 1 day prior to radicle protrusion, due partially to its leaching from the seed into the surrounding water. Activity increases in the cotyledons and axis as the embryo commences elongation. Seeds from dormant seedlots exhibit a lower germination percentage, relative to seeds from nondormant seedlots, and the force necessary for the embryo to puncture the surrounding structures tends to be greater. Although similar mannanase activities are present in unimbibed seeds of dormant and nondormant seedlots, during germination, enzyme activity in seeds of dormant seedlots is lower. Moist chilling alleviates dormancy in the seeds of the Pinaceae and, during 3 weeks of this treatment, mannanase activity slowly increases. After 3 weeks of moist chilling and regardless of whether the seedlot was dormant or not prior to moist chilling, the force necessary to puncture the micropylar megagametophyte and nucellus is lower, and the speed of germination greater. Seeds from previously dormant seedlots also complete germination to a greater percentage, relative to unchilled seeds from dormant seedlots. Upon transfer to 25°C, mannanase activity in moist-chilled seeds decreases during germination of all seedlots regardless of their previous dormancy status.

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Variation in Piceaglauca seed germination associated with the year of cone collection

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic Variation in Seed Size and Germination Patterns and their Effect on White Spruce Seedling Characteristics

Genetic Variation in Seed Size and Germination Patterns and their Effect on White Spruce Seedling Characteristics

Lodgepole Pine and White Spruce Germination: Effects of Stratification and Simulated Aging

Endo-ss-mannanase activity during dormancy alleviation and germination of white spruce (Picea glauca) seeds

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