Variation in expression of trimorphic incompatibility in Pontederia cordata L. (Pontederiaceae)

Barrett, Spencer C. H.; Anderson, J. M.

doi:10.1007/bf00273739

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This pattern has now been reported from five taxa (E. azurea [Bianchi et al 2000], P. cordata var. cordata and lancifolia [Barrett and Anderson 1985], Pontederia rotundifolia [Barrett 1977], P. sagittata [Glover and Barrett 1983], and P. subovata [this study]) but may not be restricted to the family (see Charlesworth 1979). In L. salicaria (Lythraceae) trimorphic incompatibility is also weakly expressed in the M-morph when flowers are pollinated with pollen from long-level anthers (Darwin 1877;Colautti et al 2010).…”

Section: Variation In Trimorphic Incompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, fig. 4 in Barrett and Anderson 1985), all of which reported significant morph-specific variation in the strength of trimorphic incompatibility, especially involving the M-morph.…”

Section: Variation In Trimorphic Incompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Despite similar patterns of inheritance, there is considerable variation in the expression of the tristylous syndrome both within and among families. This variation includes incomplete sex organ reciprocity (Eckert and Barrett 1994), differences between morphs in the strength of trimorphic incompatibility (Barrett and Anderson 1985), and variation in the degree of pollen trimorphism (Barrett 1988). In some species, the atypical trait expression is a stable feature of tristylous populations (Barrett et al , 2004, whereas in others, modifications to tristyly are associated with the breakdown of the polymorphism and transitions to alternative mating systems (reviewed in Weller 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…They differ in the expression of the tristylous syndrome, particularly in the strength of trimorphic incompatibility and the degree of pollen size heteromorphism (Barrett and Anderson 1985;Barrett 1988). Among the six species of Pontederia, trimorphic incompatibility is reliably reported from three, all of which have been investigated in some detail (Pontederia cordata [Ornduff 1966;Price and Barrett 1982;Barrett and Anderson 1985;Richards and Barrett 1987], Pontederia rotundifolia [Barrett 1977], and Pontederia sagittata [Glover and Barrett 1983;Scribailo andBarrett 1991a, 1991b]). Of the remaining three species, Pontederia subovata is reported as tristylous, based on observations of herbarium specimens (Lowden 1973), but the species is poorly known and has not been examined experimentally; Pontederia parviflora is reported as monomorphic for style length (Lowden 1973); and the heterostylous status of Pontederia triflora is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Trimorphic Incompatibility inPontederia subovata(Pontederiaceae): An Aquatic Macrophyte from Lowland South America

Puentes

Cole

Barrett

2013

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Premise of research. Tristyly is a floral polymorphism that is reliably reported from six flowering plant families. Populations of tristylous species often contain three floral morphs that differ reciprocally in stigma and anther height. Trimorphic incompatibility and a suite of ancillary pollen and stigma polymorphisms are commonly associated with sex organ trimorphism. Here, we investigate the tristylous syndrome of Pontederia subovata (Pontederiaceae), a little-known aquatic from southwest Brazil.Methodology. We conducted measurements of sex organ position, pollen size, pollen production, and stigmatic papillae length on the three floral morphs under glasshouse conditions and carried out a controlled pollination program to investigate whether P. subovata possesses a trimorphic incompatibility system and whether its expression varies among the floral morphs.Pivotal results. Pontederia subovata displays reciprocal stigma and anther heights and trimorphism in the size of pollen grains and the length of stigmatic papillae. Controlled pollinations provided evidence of trimorphic incompatibility: self-and intramorph crosses yielded significantly less seed than do intermorph crosses when pollen from anthers and stigmas of equivalent height were employed. However, trimorphic incompatibility was weakly expressed in the mid-styled morph when pollinations involved long-level anthers. The occurrence of stem-borne tubers is reported for the first time from Pontederiaceae. Conclusions.Our results confirm the presence of tristyly in P. subovata. The species has several features in common with other tristylous members of Pontederia, including striking variation in the strength of incompatibility among the floral morphs. We suggest that weak incompatibility in the mid-styled morph may provide reproductive assurance during colonization. Tuber formation in P. subovata probably evolved as an adaptation enabling persistence of genets during the marked dry season that characterizes the aquatic habitats in which the species occurs.

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Section: Variation In Trimorphic Incompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, fig. 4 in Barrett and Anderson 1985), all of which reported significant morph-specific variation in the strength of trimorphic incompatibility, especially involving the M-morph.…”

Section: Variation In Trimorphic Incompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Trimorphic Incompatibility inPontederia subovata(Pontederiaceae): An Aquatic Macrophyte from Lowland South America

Puentes

Cole

Barrett

2013

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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“…Experimental studies indicate that expression of the tristylous syndrome differs between the two genera. E. crassipes (Mulcahy 1975;Barrett 1977a) and E. paniculata (Barrett 1985) are highly self-fertile with weakly developed pollen-size trimorphism, whereas tristyly in P. cordata (Ornduff 1966;Price and Barrett 1982;Barrett and Anderson 1985), P. rotundifolia (Barrett 1977b) and P. sagittata (Glover and Barrett 1983;Scribailo and Barrett 1991a,b) is associated with a well-developed trimorphic incompatibility system and conspicuous size trimorphism of pollen. An earlier study of E. azurea (Barrett 1978), the remaining tristylous species of Eichhornia, revealed strong pollen-size trimorphism (and see Lallana and Marta 1981;Kirkwood 1996), a feature normally associated with the presence of trimorphic incompatibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trimorphic incompatibility in Eichhornia azurea (Pontederiaceae)

Bianchi

Vesprini

Barrett

2000

Sexual Plant Reproduction

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Eichhornia azurea (Pontederiaceae) is a matforming, clonal aquatic that inhabits lakes, marshes and river systems in many parts of the Neotropics. The species is tristylous with long-, mid-, and short-styled morphs commonly represented in natural populations. To investigate whether E. azurea possesses a trimorphic incompatibility system typical of tristylous species, we conducted a controlled pollination experiment on 15 clones representing the three style morphs from a natural population near Rosario, Argentina. Comparisons of fruit and seed set following self-, illegitimate, and legitimate pollinations clearly demonstrated the presence of trimorphic incompatibility in E. azurea. Self-and illegitimate pollinations produced significantly less fruit and seed than legitimate pollinations in all three style morphs. Pollen from the two anther levels within a flower exhibited contrasting compatibility relations in self-pollinations. In common with several other tristylous species in Pontederiaceae, the expression of self-incompatibility was weakest in the mid-styled morph and strongest in the short-styled morph. We discuss the ecological and evolutionary significance of the partial expression of trimorphic incompatibility in E. azurea.

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Where are the seeds? Lack of floral morphs prevent seed production by the tristylous Pontederia cordata in South Africa

Wansell

Geerts

Coetzee

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Reproduction is a crucial part of the successful establishment and spread of an invasive species. Invasive plants often produce seeds prolifically to spread into new ranges, yet the invasive macrophyte, Pontederia cordata L., does not appear to produce seeds in South Africa, limiting its invasive potential. Here, we aimed to determine what limits seed production of the tristylous P. cordata in South Africa, where it is widespread with impacts on the ecology of wetlands it invades, South Africa. We measured floral traits and pollen grain size from populations throughout the invasive range in South Africa to determine the relative proportion of tristylous morphs. We speculated that the absence of specialist native pollinators in the invasive range may be responsible for the absence of sexual reproduction and thus conducted a pollination study to determine whether flowers were visited. Thereafter, we hand pollinated 8865 flowers to conclude whether P. cordata exhibited an incompatibility system, which prevented seed production. The floral traits and pollen grain measurements were similar to those reported for short‐morphed flowers from the native range. The pollination study confirmed the absence of specialist insect visitors, while the hand‐pollination experiments resulted in no seed production. Only short‐morphed plants are present in South Africa, and the illegitimate pollination of short‐morphed plants prevents seed production. Vegetative spread through rhizome production is thus responsible for the invasion of P. cordata throughout South Africa. These findings suggest that control programs should target the plants' rhizomes to prevent and reduce spread. More importantly, preventing the introduction of medium‐ and long‐morphed plants into South Africa is crucial to preclude P. cordata from producing seeds and enhancing invasion.

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Variation in expression of trimorphic incompatibility in Pontederia cordata L. (Pontederiaceae)

Cited by 42 publications

References 18 publications

Trimorphic Incompatibility inPontederia subovata(Pontederiaceae): An Aquatic Macrophyte from Lowland South America

Trimorphic Incompatibility inPontederia subovata(Pontederiaceae): An Aquatic Macrophyte from Lowland South America

Trimorphic incompatibility in Eichhornia azurea (Pontederiaceae)

Where are the seeds? Lack of floral morphs prevent seed production by the tristylous Pontederia cordata in South Africa

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